A Magnesium-Incorporated Nanoporous Titanium Coating for Rapid Osseointegration
Open accessAbstract
Purpose: Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is a fast and effective method to prepare nanoporous coatings with high biological activity and bonding strength. Simple micro/nano-coatings cannot fully meet the requirements of osteogenesis. To further improve the biological activity of a titanium surface, we successfully added biological magnesium (Mg 2+ ) to a coating by micro-arc oxidation and evaluated the optimal magnesium concentration in the electrolyte, biocompatibility, cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenesis in vitro. Methods: Nanoporous titanium coatings with different concentrations of magnesium were prepared by micro-arc oxidation and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The Mg 2+ release ability of the magnesium-incorporated nanoporous titanium coatings was determined by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The cytotoxicity of the magnesium-incorporated nanoporous titanium coatings was detected with live/dead double-staining tests. A CCK-8 assay was employed to evaluate cell proliferation, and FITC-phalloidin was used to determine the structure of the cytoskeleton by staining β-actin. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was evaluated by alizarin red S (ARS) staining to determine the effect of the coatings on osteogenic differentiation in vitro. The mRNA expression of osteogenic differentiation-related markers was measured using qRT-PCR. Results: EDS analyses revealed the successful addition of magnesium to the microporous coatings. The best magnesium concentration of the electrolyte for preparing the new coating was determined. The results showed that the nano-coatings prepared using the electrolyte with 2 g/L magnesium acetate best promoted the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Conclusion: These results suggest that the new titanium metal coating with a dual effect of promoting bone morphology and supplying the biological ion Mg 2+ can be beneficial for rapid osseointegration. Keywords: micro/arc oxidation, magnesium-incorporated nanoporous coating, osteoinductivity
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Li et al. reported that with increased Mg2+ concentrations on material surfaces, cell adhesion and proliferation on the material showed a downward trend, after an initial increase.
“Li et al. reported that with increased Mg2+ concentrations on material surfaces, cell adhesion and proliferation on the material showed a downward trend, after an initial increase [51].”
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- Authors
- Li, X., Wang, M., Zhang, W., Bai, Y., Liu, Y., Meng, J., & Zhang, L.
- Affiliations
- Weifang Medical University (CN)
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Xuzhou Medical College (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Meng, Jian
- Venue
- International Journal of Nanomedicine
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2020-09
- Volume
- Volume 15
- Pages
- 6593-6603
- ISSN
- 1176-9114 (ISSN-L)
- 1178-2013
- PMC
- PMC7490434
- OpenAlex
- W3083596261
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 2.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Nanomedicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81771127)
- Xuzhou Science and Technology Program
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Surface Treatment and Coatings
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
- Keywords
- plasma electrolytic oxidation, magnesium incorporation, osseointegration, osteogenic differentiation, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, magnesium ion release, biocompatibility, cell adhesion and proliferation, osteoinduction
- MeSH terms
- Acetates, Animals, Cell Adhesion, Cell Differentiation, Gene Expression Regulation, Magnesium, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Osteoblasts, Oxidation-Reduction, Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission, Surface Properties, Osseointegration, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Magnesium Compounds, Prostheses and Implants, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Cell Proliferation, Nanopores, Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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