Synergetic Influence of Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles, Cisplatin and Baicalein-Rich Fraction on Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Radiosensitization Effects for Clinical Radiotherapy Beams
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PURPOSE: This study aimed to quantify synergetic effects induced by bismuth oxide nanoparticles (BiONPs), cisplatin (Cis) and baicalein-rich fraction (BRF) natural-based agent on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and radiosensitization effects under irradiation of clinical radiotherapy beams of photon, electron and HDR-brachytherapy. The combined therapeutic responses of each compound and clinical radiotherapy beam were evaluated on breast cancer and normal fibroblast cell line. METHODS: In this study, individual BiONPs, Cis, and BRF, as well as combinations of BiONPs-Cis (BC), BiONPs-BRF (BB) and BiONPs-Cis-BRF (BCB) were treated to the cells before irradiation using HDR brachytherapy with 0.38 MeV iridium-192 source, 6 MV photon beam and 6 MeV electron beam. The individual or synergetic effects from the application of the treatment components during the radiotherapy were elucidated by quantifying the ROS generation and radiosensitization effects on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines as well as NIH/3T3 normal cell line. RESULTS: The ROS generated in the presence of Cis stimulated the most substantial amount of ROS compared to the BiONPs and BRF. Meanwhile, the combination of the components had induced the higher ROS levels for photon beam than the brachytherapy and electron beam. The highest ROS enhancement relative to the control is attributable to the presence of BC combination in MDA-MB-231 cells, in comparison to the BB and BCB combinations. The radiosensitization effects which were quantified using the sensitization enhancement ratio (SER) indicate the highest value by BC in MCF-7 cells, followed by BCB and BB treatment. The radiosensitization effects are found to be more prominent for brachytherapy in comparison to photon and electron beam. CONCLUSION: The BiONPs, Cis and BRF are the potential radiosensitizers that could improve the efficiency of radiotherapy to eradicate the cancer cells. The combination of these potent radiosensitizers might produce multiple effects when applied in radiotherapy. The BC combination is found to have the highest SER, followed by the BCB combination. This study is also the first to investigate the effect of BRF in combination with BiONPs (BB) and BC (BCB) treatments.
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Enhanced treatment effects at lower radiation doses were also reported in selected studies.
“Enhanced treatment effects at lower radiation doses were also reported in selected studies [24,27,81,82].”
From Nanoparticle-Mediated Radiosensitization in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence and Translational Challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [82]
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- Authors
- Talik Sisin, N. N., Abdul Razak, K., Zainal Abidin, S., Che Mat, N. F., Abdullah, R., Ab Rashid, R., Khairil Anuar, M. A., & Rahman, W. N.
- Affiliations
- Universiti Sains Malaysia (MY)
- Corresponding author
- Rahman, Wan Nordiana
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Nanomedicine
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2020-10
- Volume
- Volume 15
- Pages
- 7805-7823
- ISSN
- 1176-9114 (ISSN-L)
- 1178-2013
- PMC
- PMC7567565
- OpenAlex
- W3091985370
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 123
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 2.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Nanomedicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
- Keywords
- bismuth oxide nanoparticles, cisplatin, radiosensitization, reactive oxygen species, radiosensitizers, breast cancer, high-dose-rate brachytherapy, photon beams, electron beam, combination therapy, MCF-7 cells, MDA-MB-231 cells, normal fibroblasts, iridium-192
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bismuth, Brachytherapy, Cisplatin, Drug Synergism, Female, Humans, Iridium Radioisotopes, Radiation-Sensitizing Agents, Reactive Oxygen Species, NIH 3T3 Cells, Flavanones, Mice, Nanoparticles, MCF-7 Cells
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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