The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Psychometric validation of the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D) instrument in US and UK respondents with major depressive disorder
Open accessAbstract
Background: Although depression and cognitive dysfunction are connected, limited tools exist to capture the patient’s perspective on cognitive dysfunction and its impact on major depressive disorder (MDD). We report results of a psychometric validation of the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D), a self-report measure of cognitive dysfunction for use in MDD. Methods: A non-interventional, prospective, panel-recruited, online survey was conducted using the PDQ-D in adults with and without MDD in the US and UK. Respondents were assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks (MDD only) (baseline: US n=418, UK n=437, 49% MDD; follow-up: US n=169, UK n=153, all MDD). The criterion measures included: Medical Outcomes Study Cognitive Functioning Scale-Revised-acute form (MOS COG-R), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Patient Global Impression of Severity scale (PGI-Severity), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire: Specific-Health Problem (WPAI:SHP), and modified Lam Employment Absence and Productivity Scale (LEAPS). US and UK data were analyzed separately. Results: Internal consistency was high for PDQ-D total scale and four subscales (Cronbach’s alpha 0.81–0.96). Convergent validity was good, with strong concordance with MOS COG-R and moderate/small correlations with PHQ-9, SDS, WPAI:SHP, LEAPS, and PGI-Severity. Significant differences (all P <0.001) existed for all PDQ-D subscale and total scores between MDD/non-MDD samples. The PDQ-D was responsive to changes in depression symptom severity. Confirmatory factor analysis supported scoring of a global overall scale for perceived cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: The PDQ-D provides a reliable and valid measure of subjective cognitive dysfunction in patients with MDD. Keywords: major depressive disorder, cognitive dysfunction, psychometric validation, self-report
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“One additional item assessing self-perceived concentration was taken from the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire—Depression (PDQ-D) [37,38], a measure that assesses subjective cognitive dysfunction in depression.”
From Wearable technology for high-frequency cognitive and mood assessment in major depressive disorder: longitudinal observational study (2019) · cites this paper as [38]
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Paganin, W., Procenesi, L., Gorea, F., & Lorenzo, G. D. (2026) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2026.10.014
Metadata
- Authors
- Lam, R., Lamy, F.-X., Danchenko, N., Yarlas, A., White, M. K., Rive, B., & Saragoussi, D.
- Affiliations
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Optum (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lam, Raymond
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2018-10
- Volume
- Volume 14
- Pages
- 2861-2877
- ISSN
- 1176-6328 (ISSN-L)
- 1178-2021
- PMC
- PMC6211374
- OpenAlex
- W2898124695
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 7.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- Pfizer
- Movember Foundation
- Fondation Brain Canada
- Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments
- H. Lundbeck A/S
- Victoria General Hospital Foundation
- St. Jude Medical
- Allergan
- University Health Network Foundation
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, cognitive impairment, psychometric validation, self-report measures, perceived cognitive impairment, internal consistency, convergent validity, responsiveness to change, labor productivity, disability, patient perspectives
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