CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 101Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesTreatment of Major DepressionPsychometric Methodologies and Testing

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Psychometric validation of the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D) instrument in US and UK respondents with major depressive disorder

Open access
Lam, Raymond, Lamy, François-Xavier, Danchenko, Natalya, Yarlas, Aaron, White, Michelle K, Rive, Benoît, Saragoussi, Delphine·2018·Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
DOI 10.2147/ndt.s175188PMC PMC6211374
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Background: Although depression and cognitive dysfunction are connected, limited tools exist to capture the patient’s perspective on cognitive dysfunction and its impact on major depressive disorder (MDD). We report results of a psychometric validation of the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D), a self-report measure of cognitive dysfunction for use in MDD. Methods: A non-interventional, prospective, panel-recruited, online survey was conducted using the PDQ-D in adults with and without MDD in the US and UK. Respondents were assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks (MDD only) (baseline: US n=418, UK n=437, 49% MDD; follow-up: US n=169, UK n=153, all MDD). The criterion measures included: Medical Outcomes Study Cognitive Functioning Scale-Revised-acute form (MOS COG-R), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Patient Global Impression of Severity scale (PGI-Severity), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire: Specific-Health Problem (WPAI:SHP), and modified Lam Employment Absence and Productivity Scale (LEAPS). US and UK data were analyzed separately. Results: Internal consistency was high for PDQ-D total scale and four subscales (Cronbach’s alpha 0.81–0.96). Convergent validity was good, with strong concordance with MOS COG-R and moderate/small correlations with PHQ-9, SDS, WPAI:SHP, LEAPS, and PGI-Severity. Significant differences (all P <0.001) existed for all PDQ-D subscale and total scores between MDD/non-MDD samples. The PDQ-D was responsive to changes in depression symptom severity. Confirmatory factor analysis supported scoring of a global overall scale for perceived cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion: The PDQ-D provides a reliable and valid measure of subjective cognitive dysfunction in patients with MDD. Keywords: major depressive disorder, cognitive dysfunction, psychometric validation, self-report

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2147/ndt.s175188

Cites

42 of 42 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Figure 1 Study design and selection of participants, including initial target for number of respondents. Abbreviations: BL, baseline; LEAPS, modified Lam Employment Absence and Productivity Scale; MDD, major depressive disorder; MOS COG-R, Medical Outcomes Study Cognitive Functioning Scale-Revised-acute form; PDQ-D, Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression; PGI-S, Patient Global Impression of Severity scale; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; SDS, Sheehan Disability Scale; WPAI, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire.
Figure 1 Study design and selection of participants, including initial target for number of respondents. Abbreviations: BL, baseline; LEAPS, modified Lam Employment Absence and Productivity Scale; MDD, major depressive disorder; MOS COG-R, Medical Outcomes Study Cognitive Functioning Scale-Revised-acute form; PDQ-D, Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression; PGI-S, Patient Global Impression of Severity scale; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; SDS, Sheehan Disability Scale; WPAI, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Subject disposition. Abbreviation: MDD, major depressive disorder.
Figure 2 Subject disposition. Abbreviation: MDD, major depressive disorder.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Known-groups validity: mean baseline PDQ-D subscale and total scores for the MDD and general populations: (A) US sample; (B) UK sample. *P<0.001 vs general population sample. Abbreviations: MDD, major depressive disorder; PDQ-D, Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression.
Figure 3 Known-groups validity: mean baseline PDQ-D subscale and total scores for the MDD and general populations: (A) US sample; (B) UK sample. *P<0.001 vs general population sample. Abbreviations: MDD, major depressive disorder; PDQ-D, Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 7

  1. [21]Kroenke K Spitzer RL Williams JB The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure J Gen Intern Med 2001 16 9 606 613 11556941 PMC1495268
  2. [22]Stewart A Ware J Jr Sherbourne C Wells K Psychological distress/well-being and cognitive functioning measures Stewart A Ware J Jr Measuring Functioning and Well-being Durham, NC Duke University Press 1992 67 85
  3. [25]Sheehan DV Harnett-Sheehan K Raj BA The measurement of disability Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1996 11 Suppl 3 89 95 8923116
  4. [26]Sheehan DV Harnett-Sheehan K Spann ME Thompson HF Prakash A Assessing remission in major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder clinical trials with the discan metric of the Sheehan disability scale Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2011 26 2 75 83 21102344
  5. [27]Reilly MC Zbrozek AS Dukes EM The validity and reproducibility of a work productivity and activity impairment instrument Pharmacoeconomics 1993 4 5 353 365 10146874
  6. [28]Lam RW Michalak EE Yatham LN A new clinical rating scale for work absence and productivity: validation in patients with major depressive disorder BMC Psychiatry 2009 9 78 19958540 PMC2793257
  7. [46]Lam RW Subjective measures of cognitive dysfunction in depression McIntyre RS Cha D Cognitive Dysfunction in Major Depressive Disorder Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 2016 242 256

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 101

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Lam, R., Lamy, F.-X., Danchenko, N., Yarlas, A., White, M. K., Rive, B., & Saragoussi, D.
Affiliations
  • University of British Columbia (CA)
  • Optum (United States) (US)
Corresponding author
Lam, Raymond
ORCID
Venue
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2018-10
Volume
Volume 14
Pages
2861-2877
ISSN
  • 1176-6328 (ISSN-L)
  • 1178-2021
DOI
10.2147/ndt.s175188
PMC
PMC6211374
OpenAlex
W2898124695
Cited by
101
References
43
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2
FWCI
7.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Funders
  • Pfizer
  • Movember Foundation
  • Fondation Brain Canada
  • Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments
  • H. Lundbeck A/S
  • Victoria General Hospital Foundation
  • St. Jude Medical
  • Allergan
  • University Health Network Foundation
  • Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Keywords
major depressive disorder, cognitive impairment, psychometric validation, self-report measures, perceived cognitive impairment, internal consistency, convergent validity, responsiveness to change, labor productivity, disability, patient perspectives

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review