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Cited by 3Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderCOVID-19 and Mental HealthWork-Family Balance Challenges

Benefits of working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic for undiagnosed workers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms

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Ishimoto, Yoshikazu, Sotodate, Takuma, Namba, Yuki, Uenishi, Tatsuhiro, Iwasaki, Katsuhiko, Tomita, Hiroaki·2023·Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
DOI 10.2147/ndt.s414862PMC PMC10356549
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Abstract

Purpose: Our previous study suggested that working conditions might impact work productivity amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the association between working from home (WFH) and depressive symptoms, work productivity, and quality of life (QOL), in undiagnosed workers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: During the pandemic, the survey was conducted among eligible workers with (N = 904) and without (N = 900) ADHD symptoms based on the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale [ASRS]. Each group was further stratified by working conditions (full working on-site [FWOS], hybrid, full WFH [FWFH]). Two-way ANOVA was performed to investigate the impact of WFH on depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] score), work productivity (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment scale [WPAI] scores), and QOL (EuroQol 5-Dimensions 5-Levels [EQ-5D-5L] score). The Tukey-Kramer test was used to assess differences between the stratified subgroups. Poisson and multiple regression analyses were also performed to assess the factors associated with these outcomes. Results: Other than PHQ-9 score between FWOS and hybrid work in workers with ADHD symptoms (p < 0.05), no significant differences were observed in outcomes among the working condition subgroups in both workers with and without ADHD symptoms. In workers with ADHD symptoms, hybrid work and FWFH were significantly associated with a lower PHQ-9 score (hybrid, p < 0.001; FWFH, p < 0.05) but neither were significantly associated with WPAI score nor EQ-5D-5L. Annual income and discretionary work were significantly associated with a lower PHQ-9 score and a higher EQ-5D-5L score in workers with ADHD symptoms. Job type (manufacture/construction) was significantly associated with a lower presenteeism score. Conclusion: WFH (hybrid and FWFH) may be associated with lower depressive symptoms compared with FWOS in undiagnosed workers with ADHD symptoms. The findings may be useful when considering suitable working environments for workers especially with ADHD symptoms.

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  • Only two studies carried out statistical analysis to examine the impact of WFH on neuro-divergent workers.

    “only two studies carried out statistical analysis to examine the impact of WFH on neuro-divergent workers [42,46].”

    From Homeworking experiences of neuro-divergent workers: systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [46]

  • For neuro-typical participants, hybrid and homeworking were associated with higher depressive symptoms, presenteeism, work impairment, activity impairment and lower quality of life.

    “However, for neuro-typical participants, hybrid and homeworking were associated with higher depressive symptoms, presenteeism, work impairment, activity impairment and lower quality of life.”

    From Homeworking experiences of neuro-divergent workers: systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [46]

  • Participants with ADHD who were hybrid working had significantly lower depressive symptoms than those working fully on-site.

    “participants with ADHD who were hybrid working had significantly lower depressive symptoms than those working fully on-site.”

    From Homeworking experiences of neuro-divergent workers: systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [46]

  • In this study, location of work did not predict productivity or quality of life for participants with ADHD.

    “In this study, the location of work did not predict productivity or quality of life for participants with ADHD.”

    From Homeworking experiences of neuro-divergent workers: systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [46]

  • Another study found that hybrid workers with ADHD experienced significantly less distress than those who worked fully on-site, but this study focussed only on undiagnosed workers in Japan.

    “Another found that hybrid workers with ADHD experienced significantly less distress than those who worked fully on-site [46], but this study focussed only on undiagnosed workers in Japan.”

    From Homeworking experiences of neuro-divergent workers: systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [46]

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Authors
Ishimoto, Y., Sotodate, T., Namba, Y., Uenishi, T., Iwasaki, K., & Tomita, H.
Affiliations
  • Shionogi (Japan) (JP)
  • Takeda (Japan) (JP)
  • Tohoku University (JP)
Corresponding author
Ishimoto, Yoshikazu
ORCID
Tomita, Hiroaki
Venue
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2023-07
Volume
Volume 19
Pages
1607-1621
ISSN
  • 1176-6328 (ISSN-L)
  • 1178-2021
DOI
10.2147/ndt.s414862
PMC
PMC10356549
OpenAlex
W4384408244
Cited by
3
References
54
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 2
FWCI
0.61
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Shionogi
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Work-Family Balance Challenges
Keywords
working from home, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, COVID-19 pandemic, depressive symptoms, labor productivity, quality of life, hybrid work, presenteeism, working conditions, employment type, income

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