The relationship between insight and subjective experience in schizophrenia
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationship between level of insight and various subjective experiences for patients with schizophrenia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-four patients with schizophrenia who were discharged from our hospital were evaluated. The level of insight into their illness and various subjective experiences were evaluated at discharge. We used the Scale to Assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD) for evaluation of insight. In addition, five different rating scales were used to evaluate subjective experiences: Subjective Experience of Deficits in Schizophrenia (SEDS), Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptic drug treatment Short form (SWNS), Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI)-30. RESULTS: The SWNS and the scores for awareness of mental disorder and awareness of the social consequences of mental disorder on SUMD showed a weak positive correlation. The DAI-30 showed a significant negative correlation with most general items on SUMD and a negative correlation between the subscale scores for the awareness and attribution of past symptoms. SEDS, SWNS, SQLS, and the BDI significantly correlated with the subscale scores for awareness of current symptoms on SUMD, and weakly correlated with the subscale scores for attribution of current negative symptoms. CONCLUSION: Awareness of subjective distress was related to awareness of having a mental disorder. Feeling subjective distress was related to awareness of current symptoms, as well as to the ability to attribute current negative symptoms to a mental disorder. Positive attitudes toward medication correlated with better general insight into the illness.
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Good insight is correlated with depression and related constructs such as hopelessness.
“Consistent with this, studies of diverse samples continue to find good insight to be correlated with depression and related constructs such as hopelessness 29,52,74,[76][77][78][79] .”
From Insight in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: relationship with behavior, mood and perceived quality of life, underlying causes and emerging treatments (2018) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- Kako, Y., Ito, K., Hashimoto, N., Toyoshima, K., Shimizu, Y., Mitsui, N., Fujii, Y., Tanaka, T., & Kusumi, I.
- Affiliations
- Hokkaido University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Kako, Yuki
- ORCID
- Venue
- Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2014-07
- Volume
- 10
- Pages
- 1415
- ISSN
- 1176-6328 (ISSN-L)
- 1178-2021
- PMC
- PMC4122548
- OpenAlex
- W1982514912
- Cited by
- 13
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (18790818)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, insight into illness, subjective experience, awareness of mental disorder, subjective distress, negative symptoms, attitudes toward drugs, antipsychotic drugs, quality of life, depression, subjective well-being
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