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Cited by 99Treatment of Major DepressionMental Health Treatment and AccessAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Psychiatric comorbidities in patients with major depressive disorder

Open access
Ittasakul, Pichai, Thaipisuttikul, Papan, Waleeprakhon, Punjaporn, Wisajun, Pattarabhorn, Jullagate, Sudawan·2014·Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
DOI 10.2147/ndt.s72026PMC PMC4235207
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Psychiatric comorbidities are common in major depressive disorder (MDD). They may worsen outcome and cause economic burden. The primary objective was to examine the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in MDD. The secondary objectives were to compare the presence of comorbidities between currently active and past MDD, and between patients with and without suicidal risk. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 250 patients with lifetime MDD and age ≥18 years were enrolled. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), Thai version, was used to confirm MDD diagnosis and classify comorbidities. MDD diagnosis was confirmed in 190, and 60 patients were excluded due to diagnosis of bipolar disorder. RESULTS: Of the 190 MDD patients, 25.8% had current MDD and 74.2% had past MDD. Eighty percent were women. The mean age at enrollment was 50 years, and at MDD onset was 41 years. Most patients were married (53.2%), employed (54.8%), and had ≥12 years of education (66.9%). There were 67 patients (35.3%) with one or more psychiatric comorbidities. Comorbidities included dysthymia (19.5%), any anxiety disorders (21.1%) (panic disorder [6.8%], agoraphobia [5.8%], social phobia [3.7%], obsessive-compulsive disorder [OCD] [4.7%], generalized anxiety disorder [5.3%], and post-traumatic stress disorder [4.2%]), alcohol dependence (0.5%), psychotic disorder (1.6%), antisocial personality (1.1%), and eating disorders (0%). Compared with past MDD, the current MDD group had significantly higher OCD (P<0.001), psychotic disorder (P=0.048), past panic disorder (P=0.017), and suicidal risk (P<0.001). Suicidal risk was found in 32.1% of patients. Patients with suicidal risk had more comorbid anxiety disorder of any type (P=0.019) and psychotic disorder (P=0.032). CONCLUSION: Several comorbidities were associated with MDD. Patients with active MDD had higher comorbid OCD, psychotic disorder, past panic disorder, and suicidal risk. Patients with suicide risk had higher comorbid anxiety and psychotic disorders.

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  • Between 33 and 66% of patients suffering from MDD have a psychiatric comorbidity that could potentially exclude them from psychedelic-assisted therapy.

    “Between 33 and 66% of patients suffering from MDD have a psychiatric comorbidity that could potentially exclude them from psychedelic-assisted therapy”

    From Psychedelics and Other Psychoplastogens for Treating Mental Illness. (2021) · cites this paper as [279]

    The Results (Prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities; page unavailable) report that 35.3% of 190 patients with MDD had at least one psychiatric comorbidity, supporting the lower end of the claimed range. The paper does not establish a prevalence as high as 66% or assess whether those comorbidities could exclude patients from psychedelic-assisted therapy. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Authors
Ittasakul, P., Thaipisuttikul, P., Waleeprakhon, P., Wisajun, P., & Jullagate, S.
Affiliations
Mahidol University (TH)
Corresponding author
Ittasakul, Pichai
ORCID
Venue
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2014-11
Volume
10
Pages
2097
ISSN
  • 1176-6328 (ISSN-L)
  • 1178-2021
DOI
10.2147/ndt.s72026
PMC
PMC4235207
OpenAlex
W2077611326
Cited by
99
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7
FWCI
3.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Funders
Mahidol University
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
major depressive disorder, psychiatric comorbidity, comorbidity prevalence, suicide risk, obsessive-compulsive disorder, psychosis, panic disorder, anxiety disorders, dysthymia, post-traumatic stress disorder, alcoholism, antisocial personality disorder, eating disorders, psychotic depression, Thai patients, economic burden of depression

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