The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Modelling the fill rate of pit latrines in Ifakara, Tanzania
Abstract
A model of the rate at which pit latrines fill was developed and compared with actual fill rates measured in latrines in Ifakara, Tanzania. Model parameters were derived primarily from data collected during the field study in Tanzania, with one fitted parameter. Although the model did not accurately simulate the fill rate of individual pits, it provided a good simulation of the average fill rate of the pits and aided the identification of pits that were performing poorly. Laboratory experiments conducted on samples of sludge from the pits were used to identify the average hydrolysis constant for biodegradation of the organic material. The average hydrolysis constant (0.046 day−1) was higher than that identified in another modelling study (0.0015 day−1), conducted in South Africa. The higher hydrolysis constant provided a simulation of the profile of volatile solids with lower root mean square error in 17/24 of the pits, however, for the other pits a lower hydrolysis constant was more appropriate. A sensitivity study of the model indicated that the pit fill rates were particularly sensitive to the parameter that quantified water accumulation in the pit, as such quantifying water flow through the pit is a priority for future research.
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Water inflows and accumulation have an important effect on the filling rate.
“The results indicated that water inflows and accumulation have an important effect on the filling rate.”
From Are pit latrines in urban areas of Sub-Saharan Africa performing? A review of usage, filling, insects and odour nuisances (2015) · cites this paper as [64]
In Tanzania, a large temporary increase in pit content was observed in the wet periods.
“However, in Tanzania, a large temporary increase in pit content was observed in the wet periods [64].”
From Are pit latrines in urban areas of Sub-Saharan Africa performing? A review of usage, filling, insects and odour nuisances (2015) · cites this paper as [64]
Citations
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Modelling the filling rate of pit latrines
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Solids Accumulation Rates of Latrines at Rural Schools in Nimba County, Liberia
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Retraction: The feasibility of char and bio-oil production from pyrolysis of pit latrine sludge
Bond, T., Tse, Q., Chambon, C. L., Fennell, P. S., Fowler, G. D., & Templeton, M. R. (2017) · Environmental Science Water Research & Technology · doi:10.1039/c7ew90022h · Cited by 2
Self-citationRetractedNitrogen contamination of groundwater by on-site sanitation
Hammoud, A. S. (2018) · Spiral (Imperial College London) · doi:10.25560/68470
Bond, T., Tse, Q., Chambon, C. L., Fennell, P. S., Fowler, G. D., & Templeton, M. R. (2017) · Environmental Science Water Research & Technology · doi:10.1039/c7ew00132k
Self-citationRetracted
Metadata
- Authors
- Todman, L. C., van Eekert, M. H. A., Templeton, M. R., Hardy (née Kelly), M., Gibson, W. T., Torondel, B., Abdelahi, F., & Ensink, J. H. J.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- LeAF, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Environmental Health Group, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
- Bear Valley Ventures Ltd, Braeside, Utkinton Lane, Cotebrook, Tarporley, Cheshire CW6 0JH, UK
- Ifakara Health Institute (TZ)
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Todman, Lindsay C.
- Venue
- Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development
- Publisher
- IWA Publishing
- Published
- 2014-10-08
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 100-106
- ISSN
- 2043-9083 (ISSN-L)
- 2408-9362
- OpenAlex
- W2075763545
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 5.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Landfill Environmental Impact Studies
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Keywords
- pit latrines, biodegradation, hydrolysis constants, volatile solids, sludge disintegration, sanitation, Ifakara
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