Multitarget drugs of plants origin acting on Alzheimer’s disease
Abstract
The etiopathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is extremely complex and heterogeneous, often associated with comorbidities. As a result it may be unlikely that AD may be mitigated by drug acting on a single specific target. The current tendency in drug design and discovery in AD is the rational design or “serendipitous” discovery of new drug entities challenging multiple targets. Since two of the presently approved drugs for AD are based on natural products (galantamine and the physostigmine-derivative rivastigmine), many plants are now under investigation as a potential source of new drugs. Multifunctional drugs often have their origin in natural sources. This review is limited to plant chemicals having different targets with actual (galantamine) or promising (drugs from Crocus sativus, Ginkgo biloba, Salvia species, and Huperzia serrata) clinical evidence in people with dementia or AD. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, cholinergic system, crocus sativus, drug discovery and development, galantamine, ginkgo biloba, huperzia serrata, multitargets, nicotine, nAChR, plant drug, salvia species, systems biology
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Galantamine and rivastigmine, two FDA-approved drugs for Alzheimer's disease, are derived from natural sources.
“For example, galantamine and rivastigmine (ChEIs), two FDA-approved drugs for AD, are derived from natural sources, highlighting the importance of traditional medicine in modern therapeutic strategies [18,19,20].”
From Cholinesterase Inhibitors from Plants and Their Potential in Alzheimer’s Treatment: Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [20]
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“[2] In fact, more than sixteen plant species, including Ginseng , Celastrus paniculatus, Centella asiatica, Curcuma longa, Ginkgo biloba, Huperzia serrata, Lycoris radiate, Galanthus nivalis, Magnolia officinalis, Polygala tenuifolia, Salvia lavandulaefolia, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Coptis chinensis,…”
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- Authors
- Russo, P., Frustaci, A., Del Bufalo, A., Fini, M., & Cesario, A.
- Affiliations
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IT)
- Venue
- Current Medicinal Chemistry
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2013-03-01
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1686-1693
- ISSN
- 0929-8673 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2096925254
- Semantic Scholar
- fb76ed78356a00266e67ef9b4615a13f6cecc037
- Cited by
- 88
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 5.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Medicinal Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, multi-target drugs, plant-derived drugs, natural products, galantamine, rivastigmine, cholinergic system, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, saffron, Ginkgo biloba, Salvia, Huperzia serrata, dementia, drug discovery
- MeSH terms
- Alkaloids, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Biological Products, Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Galantamine, Humans, Physostigmine, Plant Extracts, Plants, Sesquiterpenes, Neuroprotective Agents, Ginkgo biloba, Salvia, Crocus, Galanthus, Huperzia, Drug Discovery
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