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Birch Pollen Allergens
Abstract
Birch belongs to order Fagales and family Betulaceae. Birch pollen is one of the most important airborne inhaled allergens in the north temperate zone, leading to allergic rhinitis, asthma and pollen-related food allergy. The sensitization rate to birch pollen is about 8-16% in the general populations and 7-57% in patients seen at various allergy centers. Seven birch pollen allergens have been recognized by the International Allergen Nomenclature Sub-committee, with Bet v 1 as the sole major allergen. Component-resolved diagnostics can help to discriminate broad cross-reactivity and false-positive diagnoses of pollen allergy caused by specific IgE to pan-allergens such as Bet v 2, 4 or Bet v 7 from true birch allergy represented by the major allergen Bet v 1-specific IgE. Patients with allergic symptoms to birch pollen showed significantly higher serum anti-Bet v 1 IgE concentrations than asymptomatic individuals with birch sensitization. Higher level of IgE to Bet v 1 also predicted oral allergy syndrome after the ingestion of Rosaceae fruits, nuts, or Apiaceae vegetables, which have cross-reactive homologous allergens with birch allergens. Bet v 1 is one of the first allergens developed using recombinant technology. Many forms of genetically modified Bet v 1 hypo-allergens have been developed and have shown benefit in animal models or even clinical trials of allergen immunotherapy.
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“Sensitization to birch pollen affects approximately 8% to 16% of the general population in Europe, with higher rates reported in countries with dense birch forests, such as Scandinavia and parts of Central Europe [126], but also China [127].”
From Pollen–Food Allergy Syndrome: Allergens, Clinical Insights, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges (2024) · cites this paper as [126]
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Westman, M., Lupinek, C., Bousquet, J., Andersson, N., Pahr, S., Baar, A., Bergström, A., Holmström, M., Stjärne, P., Lødrup Carlsen, K. C., et al. (2015) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2014.10.042 · Cited by 141
Epidemiological study of oral allergy syndrome in birch pollen dispersal-free regions
Osawa, Y., Ito, Y., Takahashi, N., Sugimoto, C., Kohno, Y., Mori, S., Morikawa, T., Kato, Y., Okamoto, M., Kanno, M., et al. (2020) · Allergology International · doi:10.1016/j.alit.2019.09.008 · Cited by 31
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Pollen–Food Allergy Syndrome: Allergens, Clinical Insights, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges
Haidar, L., Bănărescu, C. F., Uța, C., Moldovan, S. I., Zimbru, E.-L., Zimbru, R.-I., Ciurariu, E., Georgescu, M., & Panaitescu, C. (2024) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app15010066 · Cited by 21
Metadata
- Authors
- Guan, K., Li, L., & Chang, C.
- Affiliations
- Department of Allergy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment on Allergic Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Beijing, China, 100730
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Venue
- Current Protein & Peptide Science
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2022-11
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 731-743
- ISSN
- 1389-2037
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 2
- Language
- en
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- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Birch Pollen Allergens. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2174/1389203723666220815095725
- The paper
- Guan, K., Li, L., & Chang, C. (2022). Birch Pollen Allergens. Current Protein & Peptide Science. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389203723666220815095725