The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes - Role of the Adipokines
Abstract
The role of adipocytes as protein secreting cells has been known for almost 15 years. Most of these proteins have known biological activity and are called adipokines. However, only a few of the adipokines have been shown to regulate insulin sensitivity. The latter effects are direct or indirect. The adipokines regulating insulin sensitivity are tumor necrosis factor alpha, adiponectin, interleukin-6, resistin and leptin. This review examines the mechanism how these adipokines influence insulin sensitivity, how the adipocyte production of the adipokines is regulated and if genetic variance in the genes encoding for adipokines is important for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keywords: adipose tissue, endothelial cells, tumor necrosis factor alpha, glucose metabolism, gi protein, lipolytic, interleukin, glucocorticoids, inflammatory genes, single nucleotide polymorphisms
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In other related studies involving individuals with the metabolic syndrome, a consistent reduction in CRP concentration in the intervention group receiving the Mediterranean diet has been shown (291,292) .”
From Dietary factors and low-grade inflammation in relation to overweight and obesity (2011) · cites this paper as [291]
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 201
Guardian of corpulence: a hypothesis on p53 signaling in the fat cell
Bazuine, M., Stenkula, K. G., Cam, M., Arroyo, M., & Cushman, S. W. (2009) · Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.2217/clp.09.2 · Cited by 21
Adipocytokines as features of the metabolic syndrome determined using confirmatory factor analysis
Smits, M. M., Woudstra, P., Utzschneider, K. M., Tong, J., Gerchman, F., Faulenbach, M. V., Carr, D. B., Aston‐Mourney, K., Chait, A., Knopp, R. H., et al. (2013) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2013.03.001 · Cited by 21
“Adipokines, cytokines and inflammatory proteins have been proposed to be an important link between obesity and insulin resistance, and thus could be contributors to the development of the MetS [3,16].”
BackgroundBocca, G., Corpeleijn, E., Stolk, R. P., Wolffenbuttel, B. H. R., & Sauer, P. J. J. (2013) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/pr.2013.216 · Cited by 20
Effect of exercise on lipolysis in adipose tissue
Polak, J., Bajzová, M., & Štich, V. (2008) · Future Lipidology · doi:10.2217/17460875.3.5.557 · Cited by 22
“IL-6 is considered to be a proinflammatory cytokine associated with insulin resistance by some authors [110,111], while others emphasize its anti-inflammatory properties [78,112,113].”
BackgroundKong, W., Niu, X., Zeng, T., Lü, M., & Chen, L. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140565 · Cited by 21
“Adipocytokines, which are secreted by adipose tissue, may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance [51].”
BackgroundFructose threshold for inducing organ damage in a rat model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Fakhoury-Sayegh, N., Trak-Smayra, V. E., Sayegh, R., Haidar, F., Obeid, O., Asmar, S., & Khazzaka, A. (2018) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2018.11.003 · Cited by 19
Kim, M., Kim, D.-H., & Do, M. (2013) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/emm.2013.4 · Cited by 19
Cho, S.-J., Park, H.-J., Jung, U. J., Kim, H., Moon, B. S., & Choi, M. (2014) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms151017778 · Cited by 18
“Adipokines, which are secreted from adipose tissue and include leptin, resistin and adiponectin, have also been proposed as a link among obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes [17].”
BackgroundOżegowska, K., Bartkowiak-Wieczorek, J., Bogacz, A., Seremak‐Mrozikiewicz, A., Dulęba, A. J., & Pawelczyk, L. A. (2019) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.1080/09513590.2019.1695248 · Cited by 18
Ferns, G. A., Fekri, K., Abadi, M. S. S., Dehkordi, M. B., & Arjmand, M.-H. (2021) · Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1080/13813455.2021.1899239 · Cited by 20
Changes in clinical and metabolic parameters after exercise therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes
Gordon, L., Morrison, E., McGrowder, D. A., Young, R. E., Garwood, D., Zamora, E. M., Irving, R. R., & Sanz, E. C. P. (2008) · Cited by 18
Regulation of Neuroinflammatory Signaling by PPARγ Agonist in Mouse Model of Diabetes
Piątkowska‐Chmiel, I., Herbet, M., Gawrońska‐Grzywacz, M., & Dudka, J. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23105502 · Cited by 17
Sambataro, M. P., Perseghin, G., Lattuada, G., Beltramello, G., Luzi, L., & Pacini, G. (2012) · Acta Diabetologica · doi:10.1007/s00592-011-0366-x · Cited by 16
Chiu, C., Yu, T., Hung, W., Lu, L.-F., Chung, F., Tsai, I., Yang, C.-Y., Hsu, C., Lu, Y., Houng, J., et al. (2012) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2012/469852 · Cited by 18
“Hindawi Publishing Corporation Mediators of Inflammation Volume 2012, Article ID 469852, 7 pages doi:10.1155/2012/469852”
BackgroundInfluentialRheumatoid Cachexia: causes, significance and possible interventions
Metsios, G. S., Kalinoglou, A. S., Koutedakis, Y., & Kitas, G. D. (2006) · Wolverhampton Intellectual Repository and E-Theses (University of Wolverhampton) · doi:10.2015/hc.v1i1.3 · Cited by 17
“This increased fat mass may be responsible for intensification and perpetuation of the inflammatory response, as adipose tissue represents one of the predominant sources of IL-6 in the body [31,32].”
BackgroundKandidatengene des Diabetes mellitus Typ 2
Zietz, B., Leonhardt, K., & Schäffler, A. (2006) · Medizinische Klinik - Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · doi:10.1007/s00063-006-1090-0 · Cited by 16
“Neben Leptin, Tumor-NekroseFaktor-(TNF-)α und Resistin scheint vor allem das Adiponektin eine wesentliche Rolle für die Regulation der Insulinsensitivität zu spielen [34].”
BackgroundA Lupinoside prevented fatty acid induced inhibition of insulin sensitivity in 3T3 L1 adipocytes
Dey, D., Pal, B. C., Biswas, T., Roy, S. S., Bandyopadhyay, A., Mandal, S. K., Giri, B. B., & Bhattacharya, S. (2006) · Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s11010-006-9378-1 · Cited by 17
“Adipokines have been shown to regulate insulin sensitivity [24].”
BackgroundEldaim, M. A. A., Ibrahim, F. M., Orabi, S. H., Hassan, A. M., & Sabagh, H. S. E. (2018) · Biochemistry and Cell Biology · doi:10.1139/bcb-2018-0074 · Cited by 17
Gender-based dimorphic pattern for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Ybarra, J., Lehmann, T. N. O., Golay, A., Juge-Aubry, C. E., Roux-Lombard, P., Dayer, J., & Meier, C. A. (2008) · Diabetes & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2007.10.006 · Cited by 16
Sartor, F., Jackson, M. J., Squillace, C., Shepherd, A. I., Moore, J. P., Ayer, D. E., & Kubis, H. (2012) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-012-0401-x · Cited by 17
“While hyperglycaemia in T2DM may be the result of processes related to impaired beta cell function [46], adipokine signalling [47] or influence of lipid metabolites [10], the contribution of glucose-dependent signalling for the development of the metabolic phenotype found in skeletal muscle in T2DM seems a highly plau…”
Ożegowska, K., & Pawelczyk, L. A. (2015) · Ginekologia Polska · doi:10.17772/gp/2077 · Cited by 15
Azgomi, R. N. D., Karimi, A., Zarshenas, M. M., & Jazani, A. M. (2021) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102365 · Cited by 16
Sun, B., Yang, G., Yang, M., Liu, H., Boden, G. H., & Li, L. (2012) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2012.03.030 · Cited by 15
The Sir David Cuthbertson Medal Lecture Hunting for new pieces to the complex puzzle of obesity
Frühbeck, G. (2006) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665106005106 · Cited by 18
“Lipolysis of the stored triacylglycerols results in the release of glycerol and fatty acids from adipocytes and constitutes a key event in energy homeostasis (Arner, 2005b).”
BackgroundInfluentialTosun, Ş. A., GÜRBÜZ, T., Çebi, A., Tosun, A., Gökmen, O., & Usta, M. (2021) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.15077 · Cited by 17
“Adipose tissue plays a major role in the secretion of adipokines, which lead to the pathogenesis of IR, which in turn may lead to the development of PCOS.7,8 Omentin-1 is a recently defined adipokine produced by visceral adipose tissue that has been documented to play a key role in glucose metabolism.5 It facilitates…”
BackgroundInfluentialCirculating CTRP7 Is a Potential Predictor for Metabolic Syndrome
Hu, W., Zhan, B., Li, Q., Yang, G., Yang, M., Tan, M., Geng, S., Liu, H., Chen, C., Liu, D., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.774309 · Cited by 14
Penno, G., Miccoli, R., Pucci, L., & Prato, S. D. (2006) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2006.03.010 · Cited by 13
Schedlbauer, C., Blaue, D., Gericke, M. T., Blüher, M., Starzonek, J., Gittel, C., Brehm, W., & Vervuert, I. (2019) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.7069 · Cited by 12
“Adipose tissue is thought to be the main site of production of these adipokines (Hotamisligil, Shargill & Spiegelman, 1993; Arner, 2005; Blüher, 2012) although resident liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) may also play a prominent role (Baffy, 2009).”
BackgroundSubash‐Babu, P., & Alshatwi, A. A. (2014) · Journal of Food Biochemistry · doi:10.1111/jfbc.12101 · Cited by 12
Kang, J. W., Choi, Y., Park, J. H., et al. (2007) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.11.080 · Cited by 12
Gokulakrishnan, K., Indulekha, K., Ganesan, S., et al. (2010) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2009.0100 · Cited by 11
“This was similar to the observation of Spranger et al. 37 in subjects who developed T2DM 2–3 years later, suggesting that adiponectin may be a marker for the progression of glucose intolerance in pre-diabetes subjects.”
Mohammadi, S., Hosseinzadeh‐Attar, M. J., Hossein‐Nezhad, A., Hosseini, S. H., Eshraghian, M. R., Nezhad, M. K., Rahmani, M., & Karimi, M. (2011) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2012.02.014 · Cited by 11
Bratti, L. D. O. S., do Carmo, Í. A. R., Vilela, T. F., Souza, L. C., de Moraes, A. C. R., & Filippin-Monteiro, F. B. (2021) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1080/00365513.2021.1904278 · Cited by 11
Mott, D. M., Stone, K., Gessel, M. C., Bunt, J. C., & Bogardus, C. (2007) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00386.2007 · Cited by 9
“Adipokines such as TNF- , which can have large effects on muscle glucose metabolism (1), are therefore unlikely to be responsible for the alterations in palmitate action observed here in cultured muscle cells.”
BackgroundSynergistic induction of interleukin-6 expression by endothelin-1 and cyclic AMP in adipocytes
Chai, S.-P., Juan, C.-C., Kao, P.-H., Wang, D. S., & Fong, J. C. (2012) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2012.11 · Cited by 8
The Interaction of Adipose Tissue with Immune System and Related Inflammatory Molecules
Kim, Y., Choi, B., & Do, M. (2006) · Immune Network · doi:10.4110/in.2006.6.4.169 · Cited by 8
“Hotamisligil GS, Peraldi P, Budavari A, Ellis R, White MF, Spiegelman BM: IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-alpha- and obesity-induced insulin resistance.”
Baram, M. A., Abbasnezhad, A., Ghanadi, K., Anbari, K., Choghakhori, R., & Ahmadvand, H. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000001227 · Cited by 8
Adipocyte volumes and levels of adipokines in diabetes and obesity
Gökalp, D., Bahçeci, M., Özmen, Ş., Arikan, S., Tuzcu, A., & Danış, R. (2008) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2008.07.001 · Cited by 9
Waine, C. (2006) · Nutrition Bulletin · doi:10.1111/j.1467-3010.2006.00563.x · Cited by 8
Review: Thinking around abdominal obesity and cardiovascular risk
Broom, I. (2006) · The British Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1177/14746514060060020301 · Cited by 8
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and bariatric surgery: a review
Helling, T. S., & Gurram, K. C. (2006) · Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.soard.2006.01.002 · Cited by 8
Ermumcu, M. Ş. K., & Tek, N. A. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.10.008 · Cited by 7
Roeske‐Nielsen, A., Buschard, K., Manson, J. E., et al. (2009) · Experimental Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2009/429593 · Cited by 7
“The glycolipid β-galactosylceramide-3-O-sulfate (sulfatide) modulates cytokine expression [7–9], including TNFα and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) which are known to cause insulin resistance [10].”
BackgroundZhi, H., Wang, H., Li, T., et al. (2015) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2015.02.013 · Cited by 6
Talebi, S. S., Rezaie, S., Hajmiri, M. S., Zamanirafe, M., Ranjbar, A., Moridi, H., Mirjalili, M., & Mehrpooya, M. (2024) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-024-03219-z · Cited by 10
“In obesity, the pattern of secretion of adipokines are changed toward increased secretion of proinflammatory adipokines and the reduced secretion of anti-inflammatory ones, contributing to peripheral insulin resistance and the development of T2DM and its complications (Arner 2005).”
Pharmacology of signaling pathways: In type 2 diabetes
Meerza, D., Naseem, I., & Ahmed, J. (2013) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2013.06.006 · Cited by 5
Mirzaei, K., Hossein‐Nezhad, A., Hosseinzadeh‐Attar, M. J., Najmafshar, A., Jafari, N. V., Rahmani, M., & Larijani, B. A. (2009) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · Cited by 5
High levels of Zinc-α-2-Glycoprotein among Omani AIDS patients on combined antiretroviral therapy
Hasson, S. S., Al-Balushi, M. S., Yahmadi, M. H. A., et al. (2014) · Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine · doi:10.12980/apjtb.4.201414b126 · Cited by 5
Guill, S. G., Hargens, T. A., Nickols‐Richardson, S. M., Bassaganya-Riera, J., Miller, L. E., Zedalis, D., Gregg, J. M., Gwazdauskas, F., & Herbert, W. G. (2009) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/met.2009.0041 · Cited by 5
Association between type 2 diabetes and different types of dietary fats: A case-control study
Tajadod, S., Shekari, S., Mohseni, G. K., Abbasi, K., Torki, S. A., Salimi, Z., Mohammadian, M. K., Shapouri, M., Jarrahi, S. A. M., Far, F. S., et al. (2023) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.08.034 · Cited by 5
Jensen, K. S., Gensby, L., Cremer, S. E., Nielsen, M. B. M., & Bjørnvad, C. R. (2022) · Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · doi:10.1186/s13028-022-00640-3 · Cited by 6
“A rise in adipocyte derived pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), has been detected in humans and rodents [5, 6], which stimulates initiation of angiogenesis and increases blood supply counteracting hypoxia [7–9].”
BackgroundGender‐specific Links Between Hepatic 11β Reduction of Cortisone and Adipokines
Mattsson, C., Rask, E., Carlström, K., Andersson, J. S. O., Eliasson, M., Åhrén, B., Söderberg, S., & Olsson, T. (2007) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2007.587 · Cited by 4
“Adipokines are possible mediators of different obesityrelated complications, including glucose intolerance and cardiovascular disease (20,21).”
BackgroundButtriss, J. (2006) · Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture · doi:10.1002/jsfa.2642 · Cited by 5
Ling, X., Xin, M. H., Lu, H., et al. (2014) · ISRN Biomarkers · doi:10.1155/2014/952636 · Cited by 4
“Researches during the last 20 years showed that the adipose tissue, in addition to being a specialized organ for fat storage and release, should also be considered an active endocrine gland capable of synthesizing and secreting adipokines such as adiponectin and leptin [2].”
BackgroundInfluentialKacerovsky, M., & Roden, M. (2007) · Der Diabetologe · doi:10.1007/s11428-007-0130-6 · Cited by 4
“Da systemische Neutralisation von TNFα mittels spezifischer Antikörper die Insulinsensitivität beim Menschen nicht verbessert [19], könnte TNFα eher lokal im Fettgewebe wirksam sein und über Stimulation der Lipolyse und Freisetzung von FFS hepatische Insulinresistenz auslösen [3].”
BackgroundMetabolic effects of chromium—Potential molecular mechanisms
Nair, S. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64121-2.00005-2 · Cited by 6
Effect of Soy Isoflavones Supplementation on Adiponectin Levels in Postmenopausal Women
Tutunchi, S., Koushki, M., Dashatan, N. A., Khodabandehloo, H., Hosseini, H., Panahi, G., Hashemi, J., Karbalaee‐Hasani, A., Majidi, Z., & Rezaei–Tavirani, M. (2021) · Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences · doi:10.29169/1927-5951.2021.11.21 · Cited by 3
“These cytokines cause it by downregulating insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) and by decreasing glucose transporting protein-1 (GLUT-1) [43].”
BackgroundYaturu, S., & Jain, S. K. (2007) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420005479.ch12 · Cited by 3
Liew, F. F., Visuvanathan, T., & Vellasamy, S. (2023) · The Natural Products Journal · doi:10.2174/2210315513666230309105835 · Cited by 2
Sheta, Y., Elgohary, E. A., & Sharaf, S. M. (2012) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 2
Nilsson, P. M. (2008) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehm608 · Cited by 2
“Adiponectin has been implicated to be a marker of insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, as well as being involved in inflammatory processes.(1,2) Previous studies have shown an inverse correlation between circulating adiponectin levels and measures of insulin resistance, as well as C-reactive protein (CRP) level…”
BackgroundGLUCOSE LOWERING EFFECT OF VISFATIN IN OBESE AND INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS
Hussain, M. M., Naz, R., Hameed, W., & Aslam, M. N. (2011) · Pakistan Journal of Physiology · Cited by 2
Liburt, N. R. (2011) · Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) · doi:10.7282/t3q81cr5 · Cited by 2
Red yeast rice‐garlic inhibits the markers of differentiation in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes
Park, H., Abanto, O. D., Ghosh, C., et al. (2011) · European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/ejlt.201100253 · Cited by 1
Forti, E., & Birk, R. Z. (2007) · Genes & Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s12263-007-0030-9 · Cited by 1
“To explore the possible molecular link between CLA and its anti-diabetic effects, we studied the mRNA expression levels of several molecular markers of diabetes following exposure to CLA [8–11].”
BackgroundAbdalla, M. S., Sharada, H. M., Amin, A. I., Samy, N., Sayed, M., Ashour, E., & Youssef-Elabd, M. (2010) · Cited by 1
Yang, M., Liu, R., Li, S., et al. (2013) · Cited by 1
Effects of Resistance Training on Some of Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Overweight Men
Nikbakht, H. A., Gaini, A. A., & Salamat, K. H. M. (2011) · Cited by 1
Ahmed, H., & Ghamry, N. K. (2007) · Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences · doi:10.21608/besps.2007.37317 · Cited by 1
“substances, which may play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance((11)).”
BackgroundMirzaei, K., Hossein‐Nezhad, A., Hosseinzadeh‐Attar, M. J., Jafari, N. V., Najmafshar, A., & Larijani, B. A. (2009) · Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders · Cited by 1
Insulin Resistance and Inhibitors of the Insulin Receptor Tyrosine Kinase
YOUNGREN, J. F. (2008) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-116-5_15 · Cited by 1
METABOLIC AND HORMONAL STUDIES IN SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN OF INDIAN AND AFRICAN ORIGIN
Waisberg, R. (2010) · University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg) · Cited by 1
(2007) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b13464-12 · Cited by 1
Eriksson, B. (2010) · DiVA (Linkoping University)
Rhodes, P. (2011) · Nottingham ePrints (University of Nottingham)
Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance in glucagon-producing alpha cells
Aguirre, M. G. (2006) · doi:10.53846/goediss-1294
“Elevated levels of some of these hormones have been detected within insulin resistant states (Arner, 2005; Guerre-Millo, 2004; Jazet et al., 2003).”
BackgroundTissue- and site-specific effects of PPARγ activation and its role in chronic inflammation
Pott, S. (2011) · Figshare
Rousseau, A. (2014) · Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme · doi:10.1016/j.nupar.2014.10.006
Cardiometabolic risk factors and their treatment in patients with Type 2 diabetes
Kumar, S. (2007) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1586/17446651.2.3.331
Association between serum leptin level and osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Demi̇r, T., Gültürk, S., Özdemir, E., et al. (2013) · Basic and Clinical Sciences · doi:10.12808/bcs.v1i2.7
Estrogen and liver X receptors in human disease
Nilsson, M. (2006) · Figshare
Ferrara, C. T. (2008) · DukeSpace (Duke University)
Fast-to-fed shift in glucose homeostasis: clues to an earlier detection of human prediabetic states
Patarrão, R. S. (2010) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)
Jacobs, R. D. (2015) · VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)
Mostad, I. L. (2007) · BIBSYS Brage (BIBSYS (Norway))
The role of adipose secreted cytokines in driving the pathological changes in osteoarthritis
Philp, A. M. (2017) · University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham)
Zinc-alpha 2-glycoprotein serum level in Egyptian females with preeclampsia and eclampsia
Abou-Zeid, A. A., Nassar, E. S., Swelem, M. S., & Tawfik, M. (2018) · Evidence Based Women s Health Journal · doi:10.21608/ebwhj.2018.7510
“Adipose tissue is recognized as an endocrine organ producing adipokines such as adiponectin, leptin, tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), chemerin and zinc-α 2-glycoprotein (ZAG)[9-13].”
BackgroundKell, D. B. (2008) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.0808.1371
“[575] Arner, P.”
Interleukin-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha and Metabolic Disorders in Youth
Kitsios (2012) · Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.4021/jem111w
“Both are produced from the lipocytes and the macrophages that infiltrate the adipose tissue and have been associated, in adults’ studies, with insulin resistance (IR), Metabolic Syndrome (MS), atherogenesis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [1-6].”
Sarkar, P. D., Verma, V., Bhatt, A., et al. (2022) · Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.18231/j.pjms.2022.046
Gorshunska, M. (2011) · PROBLEMS OF ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY · doi:10.21856/j-pep.2011.4.04
From fat to facts: the potential of adipokine and insulin dosing in obese feline patients
Cernat, L., Daina, S., & MACRI, A. M. (2025) · Frontiers in Animal Science · doi:10.3389/fanim.2025.1637154
Uptake of arachidonic acid and glucose into isolated human adipocytes
Malipa, A. C. A. (2007) · UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria)
Rodrigues, M. A. H. (2013) · Americanae (AECID Library)
Metadata
- Authors
- Arner, P.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Arner, P.
- ORCID
- Arner, P.
- Venue
- Current Molecular Medicine
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2005-05-01
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 333-339
- ISSN
- 1566-5240 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2006828160
- Cited by
- 201
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 16.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Molecular Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Keywords
- insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, adipokines, adipocytes, TNF-α, adiponectin, interleukin-6, resistin, leptin, adipose tissue, insulin sensitivity, genetic polymorphism, glucose metabolism, inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Hormones, Ectopic, Humans, Inflammation, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Models, Biological, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Genetic Variation, Interleukin-6, Cytokines, Adipocytes, Leptin, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Adiponectin, Resistin, Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
