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Cited by 75Advanced Drug Delivery SystemsNanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryInhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery

Nanotechnological Advances for Nose to Brain Delivery of Therapeutics to Improve the Parkinson Therapy

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Khatri, Dharmendra K., Preeti, Kumari, Tonape, Shivraj, Bhattacharjee, Sheoshree, Patel, Monica, Shah, Saurabh, Singh, Pankaj K., Srivastava, Saurabh +3 more·2023·Current Neuropharmacology
DOI 10.2174/1570159x20666220507022701PMC PMC10207920
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Abstract

Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) acts as a highly impermeable barrier, presenting an impediment to the crossing of most classical drugs targeted for neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease (PD). About the nature of drugs and other potential molecules, they impose unavoidable doserestricted limitations eventually leading to the failure of therapy. However, many advancements in formulation technology and modification of delivery approaches have been successful in delivering the drug to the brain in the therapeutic window. The nose to the brain (N2B) drug delivery employing the nanoformulation, is one such emerging delivery approach, overcoming both classical drug formulation and delivery-associated limitations. This latter approach offers increased bioavailability, greater patient acceptance, lesser metabolic degradation of drugs, circumvention of BBB, ample drug loading along with the controlled release of the drugs. In N2B delivery, the intranasal (IN) route carries therapeutics firstly into the nasal cavity followed by the brain through olfactory and trigeminal nerve connections linked with nasal mucosa. The N2B delivery approach is being explored for delivering other biologicals like neuropeptides and mitochondria. Meanwhile, this N2B delivery system is associated with critical challenges consisting of mucociliary clearance, degradation by enzymes, and drug translocations by efflux mechanisms. These challenges finally culminated in the development of suitable surfacemodified nano-carriers and Focused- Ultrasound-Assisted IN as FUS-IN technique which has expanded the horizons of N2B drug delivery. Hence, nanotechnology, in collaboration with advances in the IN route of drug administration, has a diversified approach for treating PD. The present review discusses the physiology and limitation of IN delivery along with current advances in nanocarrier and technical development assisting N2B drug delivery.

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  • Limitations of intranasal administration include differences in nasal cavity shape, exact dosing, mucociliary elimination, drainage to the pharynx or lower part, and health status such as allergies or colds.

    “However, there are also some limitations, including the difference in the shape of respective nasal cavities, the exact dosing of intranasal drugs, the mucociliary elimination, and the drainage to the pharynx or to the lower part.165 Moreover, the health status of the body also needs to think, otherwise, maybe someone occurs conditions such as allergies or colds, which is not suited for intranasal”

    From The blood–brain barrier: Structure, regulation and drug delivery (2023) · cites this paper as [165]

    The sections on challenges in nose-to-brain delivery and factors affecting nasal delivery describe mucociliary drug removal, dose-volume limits, drainage out of the nasal cavity, and impaired delivery during rhinitis or a common cold. The intranasal screening section also notes variation in nasal anatomy. The copy does not establish difficulty with exact dosing or specify drainage to the pharynx or lower regions; page numbers were not available. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • The blood–brain barrier: Structure, regulation and drug delivery

    Wu, D., Chen, Q., Chen, X., Han, F., Chen, Z., & Wang, Y. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01481-w · Cited by 1,906 · see citing works

    “However, there are also some limitations, including the difference in the shape of respective nasal cavities, the exact dosing of intranasal drugs, the mucociliary elimination, and the drainage to the pharynx or to the lower part.(165) Moreover, the health status of the body also needs to think, otherwise, maybe someo…”
    Background

Authors
Khatri, D. K., Preeti, K., Tonape, S., Bhattacharjee, S., Patel, M., Shah, S., Singh, P. K., Srivastava, S., Gugulothu, D., Vora, L., & Singh, S. B.
Affiliations
  • National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (IN)
  • Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University (IN)
  • Queen's University Belfast (GB)
Corresponding author
  • Khatri, Dharmendra K.
  • Singh, Shashi B.
ORCID
Venue
Current Neuropharmacology
Publisher
Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Published
2023-03
Volume
21
Issue
3
Pages
493-516
ISSN
1570-159X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2174/1570159x20666220507022701
PMC
PMC10207920
OpenAlex
W4229030668
Cited by
75
References
6
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 3
FWCI
1.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • Current Neuropharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
Keywords
nose-to-brain delivery, Parkinson's disease, blood-brain barrier, intranasal drug delivery, nanocarriers, mucociliary clearance, drug efflux, mitochondrial delivery, controlled drug release
MeSH terms
Blood-Brain Barrier, Brain, Humans, Nasal Mucosa, Parkinson Disease, Drug Delivery Systems, Nanotechnology

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