Intranasal administration of interferon beta bypasses the blood–brain barrier to target the central nervous system and cervical lymph nodes: a non-invasive treatment strategy for multiple sclerosis
Abstract
Intranasal (i.n.) administration of IFN beta-1b was examined as a route for targeted delivery to the rat central nervous system (CNS). Intranasal administration resulted in significant delivery throughout the CNS and cervical lymph nodes with low delivery to peripheral organs. At similar blood levels, intravenous (i.v.) administration of IFN beta-1b yielded 88-98% lower CNS levels and 100-1650% greater peripheral organ levels compared to intranasal. Autoradiography confirmed much greater delivery to the CNS with intranasal administration. Intranasally administered IFN beta-1b reached the brain intact and produced tyrosine phosphorylation of IFN receptor in the CNS. Intranasal administration offers a non-invasive method of drug delivery for multiple sclerosis (MS) that bypasses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and directly targets the CNS and lymph nodes.
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The limited number of routes to reach the brain, such as blood-brain barrier and extraneuronal/perineuronal routes along the trigeminal or olfactory nerves, likely explains why only a small amount of intranasal oxytocin reaches the brain.
“This is likely because of the limited number of routes to reach the brain, such as blood-brain barrier and extraneuronal/perineuronal routes along the trigeminal or olfactory nerves.10, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53”
From Oxytocin efficacy is modulated by dosage and oxytocin receptor genotype in young adults with high-functioning autism: a 24-week randomized clinical trial (2016) · cites this paper as [50]
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- Authors
- Ross, T. M., Martinez, P. M., Renner, J. C., Thorne, R. G., Hanson, L. R., & Frey, W. H.
- Affiliations
- Regions Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroimmunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-06
- Volume
- 151
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 66-77
- ISSN
- 0165-5728 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1969196592
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 7.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroimmunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Keywords
- intranasal drug delivery, interferon beta-1b, multiple sclerosis, blood-brain barrier bypass, central nervous system targeting, cervical lymph nodes, non-invasive treatment, autoradiography
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Intranasal, Animals, Autoradiography, Blood-Brain Barrier, Brain Chemistry, Central Nervous System, Cervical Vertebrae, Immunosuppressive Agents, Injections, Intravenous, Lymph Nodes, Male, Multiple Sclerosis, Tissue Distribution, Blotting, Western, Interferon-beta, Rats
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