The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Liver X Receptors and their Agonists: Targeting for Cholesterol Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Diseases
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Use of LXR agonists is complicated by side effects induced by activation of LXR/RXR in the liver causing hepatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia.
“Currently, use of LXR agonists is complicated by side effects induced by activation of LXR/RXR in the liver causing hepatic steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia [50, 51].”
From ApoE lipoproteins in the central nervous system under homeostasis and role in Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders (2026) · cites this paper as [51]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Reciprocal regulation of inflammation and lipid metabolism by liver X receptors
Joseph, S. B., Castrillo, A., Laffitte, B. A., Mangelsdorf, D. J., & Tontonoz, P. (2003) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm820 · Cited by 1,158
Rayner, K. J., Sheedy, F. J., Esau, C. C., Hussain, F. N., Temel, R. E., Parathath, S., van Gils, J. M., Rayner, A. J., Chang, A. N., Suarez, Y., et al. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci57275 · Cited by 690 · cited 1×
“In addition, other miRNAs, including miR-33 (Rayner et al., 2011), miR-785 (Ramirez et al., 2011), miR-106b and miR-26 (Kim et al., 2012; Sun et al., 2012), have also been shown to regulate the expression of ABCA1, and whether there are interactions between LXRs and these miRNAs remains to be…”
BackgroundHDL-targeted therapies: progress, failures and future
Kingwell, B. A., Chapman, M. J., Kontush, A., & Miller, N. E. (2014) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd4279 · Cited by 354
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Mediates Specific Glucagon Actions
Habegger, K. M., Stemmer, K., Cheng, C., Müller, T. D., Heppner, K. M., Ottaway, N., Holland, J., Hembree, J. L., Smiley, D., Gelfanov, V., et al. (2013) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db12-1116 · Cited by 245
Control of Cholesterol Metabolism and Plasma High-Density Lipoprotein Levels by microRNA-144
Ramírez, C. M., Rotllan, N., Vlassov, A. V., Dávalos, A., Li, M., Goedeke, L., Aranda, J. F., Cirera-Salinas, D., Araldi, E., Salerno, A., et al. (2013) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.112.300626 · Cited by 217 · cited 1×
“The overexpression of miR-144 reduces ABCA1 expression, while the silencing of miR-144 in mice increases the expression of ABCA1 and plasma HDL levels (Ramirez et al., 2013).”
BackgroundTissue-Specific Roles of ABCA1 Influence Susceptibility to Atherosclerosis
Brunham, L. R., Singaraja, R. R., Duong, M., Timmins, J. M., Fievet, C., Bissada, N., Kang, M. H., Samra, A., Fruchart, J.-C., McManus, B., et al. (2009) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.108.182303 · Cited by 102
The LXR–Idol Axis Differentially Regulates Plasma LDL Levels in Primates and Mice
Hong, C., Marshall, S. M., McDaniel, A. L., Graham, M., Layne, J. D., Cai, L., Scotti, E., Boyadjian, R., Kim, J., Chamberlain, B. T., et al. (2014) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.10.001 · Cited by 87
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 51
- Angelone, T., Filice, E., Quintieri, A.M., Imbrogno, S., Recchia, A., Pulera, E., Mannarino, C., Pellegrino, D., and Cerra, M.C. (2008). Beta3-adrenoceptors modulate left ventricular relaxation in the rat heart via the NO-cGMP-PKG pathway. Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) 193, 229-239.
- Beyea, M.M., Reaume, S., Sawyez, C.G., Edwards, J.Y., O'Neil, C., Hegele, R.A., Pickering, J.G., and Huff, M.W. (2012). The oxysterol 24(s),25-epoxycholesterol attenuates human smooth muscle-derived foam cell formation via reduced low-density lipoprotein uptake and enhanced cholesterol efflux. Journal of the American Heart Association 1, e000810.
- Boyle, J.J., Harrington, H.A., Piper, E., Elderfield, K., Stark, J., Landis, R.C., and Haskard, D.O. (2009). Coronary intraplaque hemorrhage evokes a novel atheroprotective macrophage phenotype. The American journal of pathology 174, 1097-1108.
- Brunham, L.R., Kruit, J.K., Iqbal, J., Fievet, C., Timmins, J.M., Pape, T.D., Coburn, B.A., Bissada, N., Staels, B., Groen, A.K., et al. (2006). Intestinal ABCA1 directly contributes to HDL biogenesis in vivo. The Journal of clinical investigation 116, 1052-1062.
- Buono, C., Li, Y., Waldo, S.W., and Kruth, H.S. (2007). Liver X receptors inhibit human monocyte-derived macrophage foam cell formation by inhibiting fluid-phase pinocytosis of LDL. Journal of lipid research 48, 2411-2418.
- Campia, I., Sala, V., Kopecka, J., Leo, C., Mitro, N., Costamagna, C., Caruso, D., Pescarmona, G., Crepaldi, T., Ghigo, D., et al. (2012). Digoxin and ouabain induce the efflux of cholesterol via liver X receptor signalling and the synthesis of ATP in cardiomyocytes. The Biochemical journal 447, 301-311.
- Cannon, M.V., Yu, H., Candido, W.M., Dokter, M.M., Lindstedt, E.L., Sillje, H.H., van Gilst, W.H., and de Boer, R.A. (2015). The liver X receptor agonist AZ876 protects against pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis without lipogenic side effects. European journal of heart failure 17, 273-282.
- Collins, J.L., Fivush, A.M., Watson, M.A., Galardi, C.M., Lewis, M.C., Moore, L.B., Parks, D.J., Wilson, J.G., Tippin, T.K., Binz, J.G., et al. (2002). Identification of a nonsteroidal liver X receptor agonist through parallel array synthesis of tertiary amines. Journal of medicinal chemistry 45, 1963-1966.
- Costet, P., Luo, Y., Wang, N., and Tall, A.R. (2000). Sterol-dependent transactivation of the ABC1 promoter by the liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor. The Journal of biological chemistry 275, 28240-28245.
- Dullaart, R.P., Dallinga-Thie, G.M., Wolffenbuttel, B.H., and van Tol, A. (2007). CETP inhibition in cardiovascular risk management: a critical appraisal. European journal of clinical investigation 37, 90-98.
- Fu, X., Menke, J.G., Chen, Y., Zhou, G., MacNaul, K.L., Wright, S.D., Sparrow, C.P., and Lund, E.G. (2001). 27-hydroxycholesterol is an endogenous ligand for liver X receptor in cholesterol-loaded cells. The Journal of biological chemistry 276, 38378-38387.
- Gao, M., Zeng, Y., Guan, Y., Hu, Z., Zhong, D., Shen, X., Zhang, L., Xu, Z., Gong, W., Zhang, Y., et al. (2012). Activation of liver X receptor attenuates endothelin-1 expression in vascular endothelial cells. The international journal of biochemistry and cell biology 44, 2299-2307.
- Giannarelli, C., Cimmino, G., Connolly, T.M., Ibanez, B., Ruiz, J.M., Alique, M., Zafar, M.U., Fuster, V., Feuerstein, G., and Badimon, J.J. (2012). Synergistic effect of liver X receptor activation and simvastatin on plaque regression and stabilization: an magnetic resonance imaging study in a model of advanced atherosclerosis. European heart journal 33, 264-273.
- Graf, G.A., Li, W.P., Gerard, R.D., Gelissen, I., White, A., Cohen, J.C., and Hobbs, H.H. (2002). Coexpression of ATP-binding cassette proteins ABCG5 and ABCG8 permits their transport to the apical surface. The Journal of clinical investigation 110, 659-669.
- Haghpassand, M., Bourassa, P.A., Francone, O.L., and Aiello, R.J. (2001). Monocyte/ macrophage expression of ABCA1 has minimal contribution to plasma HDL levels. The Journal of clinical investigation 108, 1315-1320.
- Harasiuk, D., Baranowski, M., Zabielski, P., Chabowski, A., and Gorski, J. (2015). LXR agonist T0901317-Induced hyperlipidemia does not lead to lipid accumulation in the rat heart. Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology 35, 1095-1106.
- Ikegami, T., Hyogo, H., Honda, A., Miyazaki, T., Tokushige, K., Hashimoto, E., Inui, K., Matsuzaki, Y., and Tazuma, S. (2012). Increased serum liver X receptor ligand oxysterols in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Journal of gastroenterology 47, 1257-1266.
- Inazu, A., Jiang, X.C., Haraki, T., Yagi, K., Kamon, N., Koizumi, J., Mabuchi, H., Takeda, R., Takata, K., Moriyama, Y., et al. (1994). Genetic cholesteryl ester transfer protein deficiency caused by two prevalent mutations as a major determinant of increased levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol. The Journal of clinical investigation 94, 1872-1882.
- Janowski, B.A., Grogan, M.J., Jones, S.A., Wisely, G.B., Kliewer, S.A., Corey, E.J., and M a n g e l s d o r f , D . J . ( 1 9 9 9 ) . S t r u c t u r a l requirements of ligands for the oxysterol liver X r e c e p t o r s L X R a l p h a a n d L X R b e t a . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 96, 266-271.
- Joseph, S.B., McKilligin, E., Pei, L., Watson, M.A., Collins, A.R., Laffitte, B.A., Chen, M., Noh, G., Goodman, J., Hagger, G.N., et al. (2002). Synthetic LXR ligand inhibits the development of atherosclerosis in mice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99, 7604-7609.
- Katz, A., Udata, C., Ott, E., Hickey, L., Burczynski, M.E., Burghart, P., Vesterqvist, O., a n d M e n g , X . ( 2 0 0 9 ) . S a f e t y , pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of single doses of LXR-623, a novel liver X- receptor agonist, in healthy participants. Journal of clinical pharmacology 49, 643-649.
- Kuipers, I., Li, J., Vreeswijk-Baudoin, I., Koster, J., van der Harst, P., Sillje, H.H., Kuipers, F., van Veldhuisen, D.J., van Gilst, W.H., and de Boer, R.A. (2010a). Activation of liver X receptors with T0901317 attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. European journal of heart failure 12, 1042-1050.
- Kuipers, I., van der Harst, P., Kuipers, F., van Genne, L., Goris, M., Lehtonen, J.Y., van Veldhuisen, D.J., van Gilst, W.H., and de Boer, R.A. (2010b). Activation of liver X receptor- alpha reduces activation of the renal and cardiac renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology 90, 630-636.
- Laffitte, B.A., Repa, J.J., Joseph, S.B., Wilpitz, D.C., Kast, H.R., Mangelsdorf, D.J., and Tontonoz, P. (2001). LXRs control lipid- inducible expression of the apolipoprotein E gene in macrophages and adipocytes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98, 507-512.
- Li, X., Yeh, V., and Molteni, V. (2010). Liver X receptor modulators: a review of recently patented compounds (2007 -2009). Expert opinion on therapeutic patents 20, 535-562.
- Loren, J., Huang, Z., Laffitte, B.A., and Molteni, V. (2013). Liver X receptor modulators: a review of recently patented compounds (2009 -2012). Expert opinion on therapeutic patents 23, 1317-1335.
- Mahley, R.W., and Rall, S.C., Jr. (2000). Apolipoprotein E: far more than a lipid transport protein. Annual review of genomics and human genetics 1, 507-537.
- Noshiro, M., and Okuda, K. (1990). Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA ! 59 Liver X Receptors Ma et al. encoding human cholesterol 7 alpha- hydroxylase. FEBS letters 268, 137-140.
- Pu, J., Yuan, A., Shan, P., Gao, E., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Lau, W.B., Koch, W., Ma, X.L., and He, B. (2013). Cardiomyocyte-expressed farnesoid-X-receptor is a novel apoptosis mediator and contributes to myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury. European heart journal 34, 1834-1845.
- Quack, M., Frank, C., and Carlberg, C. (2002). Differential nuclear receptor signalling from DR4-type response elements. Journal of cellular biochemistry 86, 601-612.
- Quinet, E.M., Savio, D.A., Halpern, A.R., Chen, L., Miller, C.P., and Nambi, P. (2004). Gene- selective modulation by a synthetic oxysterol ligand of the liver X receptor. Journal of lipid research 45, 1929-1942.
- Quintao, E.C. (2016). The controversy over the use of cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors: is there some light at the end of the tunnel? European journal of clinical investigation 46, 581-589.
- Sanders, M.E. (2000). Considerations for use of probiotic bacteria to modulate human health. The Journal of nutrition 130, 384s-390s. !
- Sun, D., Zhang, J., Xie, J., Wei, W., Chen, M., and Zhao, X. (2012). MiR-26 controls LXR- dependent cholesterol efflux by targeting ABCA1 and ARL7. FEBS letters 586, 1472-1479.
- Svensson, S., Ostberg, T., Jacobsson, M., Norstrom, C., Stefansson, K., Hallen, D., Johansson, I.C., Zachrisson, K., Ogg, D., and Jendeberg, L. (2003). Crystal structure of the heterodimeric complex of LXRalpha and RXRbeta ligand-binding domains in a fully agonistic conformation. The EMBO journal 22, 4625-4633.
- Swami, A., Reagan, M.R., Basto, P., Mishima, Y., Kamaly, N., Glavey, S., Zhang, S., Moschetta, M., Seevaratnam, D., Zhang, Y., et al. (2014). Engineered nanomedicine for myeloma and bone microenvironment targeting. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 111, 10287-10292.
- Swarnakar, S., Temel, R.E., Connelly, M.A., Azhar, S., and Williams, D.L. (1999). Scavenger receptor class B, type I, mediates selective uptake of low density lipoprotein cholesteryl ester. The Journal of biological chemistry 274, 29733-29739.
- Tangirala, R.K., Bischoff, E.D., Joseph, S.B., Wagner, B.L., Walczak, R., Laffitte, B.A., Daige, C.L., Thomas, D., Heyman, R.A., Mangelsdorf, D.J., et al. (2002). Identification of macrophage liver X receptors as inhibitors of atherosclerosis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99, 11896-11901.
- Traini, M., Quinn, C.M., Sandoval, C., Johansson, E., Schroder, K., Kockx, M., Meikle, P.J., Jessup, W., and Kritharides, L. (2014). Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase acid-like 3A (SMPDL3A) is a novel nucleotide phosphodiesterase regulated by cholesterol in human macrophages. The Journal of biological chemistry 289, 32895-32913.
- Tsang, S., Wu, S., Liu, J., and Wong, T.M. (2008). Testosterone protects rat hearts against ischaemic insults by enhancing the effects of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor stimulation. British journal of pharmacology 153, 693-709.
- Tsankova, V., Visentin, M., Cantoni, L., Carelli, M., and Tacconi, M.T. (1996). Peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ligands in rat liver mitochondria: effect on 27-hydroxylation of cholesterol. European journal of pharmacology 299, 197-203.
- Tsou, C.Y., Chen, C.Y., Zhao, J.F., Su, K.H., Lee, H.T., Lin, S.J., Shyue, S.K., Hsiao, S.H., and Lee, T.S. (2014). Activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase prevents foam cell formation and atherosclerosis. Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) 210, 799-810.
- van der Hoorn, J., Linden, D., Lindahl, U., Bekkers, M., Voskuilen, M., Nilsson, R., Oscarsson, J., Lindstedt, E., and Princen, H. (2011). Low dose of the liver X receptor agonist, AZ876, reduces atherosclerosis in APOE*3Leiden mice without affecting liver or ! 61 Liver X Receptors Ma et al. plasma triglyceride levels. British journal of pharmacology 162, 1553-1563.
- van der Veen, J.N., Havinga, R., Bloks, V.W., Groen, A.K., and Kuipers, F. (2007). Cholesterol feeding strongly reduces hepatic VLDL-triglyceride production in mice lacking the liver X receptor alpha. Journal of lipid research 48, 337-347.
- van der Veen, J.N., van Dijk, T.H., Vrins, C.L., van Meer, H., Havinga, R., Bijsterveld, K., Tietge, U.J., Groen, A.K., and Kuipers, F. (2009). Activation of the liver X receptor stimulates trans-intestinal excretion of plasma cholesterol. The Journal of biological chemistry 284, 19211-19219.
- Vaughan, A.M., and Oram, J.F. (2005). ABCG1 redistributes cell cholesterol to domains removable by high density lipoprotein but not by lipid-depleted apolipoproteins. The Journal of biological chemistry 280, 30150-30157.
- Wilund, K.R., Yu, L., Xu, F., Hobbs, H.H., and Cohen, J.C. (2004). High-level expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8 attenuates diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in Ldlr-/-mice. Journal of lipid research 45, 1429-1436.
- Wu, C.H., Chen, C.C., Lai, C.Y., Hung, T.H., Lin, C.C., Chao, M., and Chen, S.F. (2016). Treatment with TO901317, a synthetic liver X receptor agonist, reduces brain damage and attenuates neuroinflammation in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage. Journal of neuroinflammation 13, 62.
- Yang, C., McDonald, J.G., Patel, A., Zhang, Y., Umetani, M., Xu, F., Westover, E.J., Covey, D.F., Mangelsdorf, D.J., Cohen, J.C., et al. (2006). Sterol intermediates from cholesterol biosynthetic pathway as liver X receptor ligands. The Journal of biological chemistry 281, 27816-27826.
- Yu, X.H., Qian, K., Jiang, N., Zheng, X.L., Cayabyab, F.S., and Tang, C.K. (2014). ABCG5/ABCG8 in cholesterol excretion and atherosclerosis. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 428, 82-88.
- Zelcer, N., and Tontonoz, P. (2006). Liver X receptors as integrators of metabolic and inflammatory signaling. The Journal of clinical investigation 116, 607-614.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bone circuitry and interorgan skeletal crosstalk
Zaidi, M., Kim, S.-M., Mathew, M., Korkmaz, F., Sultana, F., Miyashita, S., Gumerova, A. A., Frolinger, T., Moldavski, O., Barak, O., et al. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.83142 · Cited by 45
Strickland, M. R., & Holtzman, D. M. (2026) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-026-00970-0
Metadata
- Authors
- Ma, Z., Deng, C., Hu, W., Zhou, J., Fan, C., Di, S., Liu, D., Yang, Y., & Wang, D.
- Venue
- Current Issues in Molecular Biology
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2017
- Pages
- 41-64
- ISSN
- 1467-3037
- Cited by
- 70
- References
- 7
- Language
- en
- Funders
- Six Talents Peaks" High-level Talents Project of Jiangsu Province of China (JNHB-077)
- the Primary Research & Development Plan of Jiangsu Province of China (BE2018635)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review