Cited by 355Cholesterol and Lipid MetabolismLipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthParaoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms

HDL-targeted therapies: progress, failures and future

Kingwell, Bronwyn A., Chapman, M. John, Kontush, Anatol, Miller, Norman E.·2014·Nature Reviews Drug Discovery

Abstract

Since the discovery in the 1970s that plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are inversely associated with cardiovascular outcome, it has been postulated that HDL is anti-atherogenic and that increasing HDL-C levels is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, the recent failure of three orally active, HDL-C-raising agents has introduced considerable controversy, prompting the question of whether increasing the cholesterol cargo of HDL in a non-selective manner is an effective pharmacological approach for the translation of its atheroprotective and vasculoprotective activities. The interrelationships between HDL-C concentration, HDL particle number and levels of diverse HDL particle subpopulations of defined composition are complex, as are their relationships with reverse cholesterol transport and other anti-atherogenic functions. Such complexity highlights the incompleteness of our understanding of the biology of HDL particles. This article examines the HDL hypothesis in molecular and mechanistic terms, focusing on features that have been addressed, those that remain to be tested, and potential new targets for future pharmacological interventions.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nrd4279

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Authors
Kingwell, B. A., Chapman, M. J., Kontush, A., & Miller, N. E.
Affiliations
  • Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (AU)
  • Inserm (FR)
  • University of Oxford (GB)
Corresponding author
Kingwell, Bronwyn A.
Venue
Nature Reviews Drug Discovery
Published
2014-05-23
Volume
13
Issue
6
Pages
445-464
ISSN
  • 1474-1776 (ISSN-L)
  • 1474-1784
OpenAlex
W1993577107
Cited by
354
References
228
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 43 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 12
FWCI
10.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Drug Discovery (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Paraoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms
Keywords
HDL cholesterol, HDL-targeted therapy, HDL particle number, reverse cholesterol transport, atheroprotection, cardiovascular disease, clinical trial failure
MeSH terms
Animals, Hypolipidemic Agents, Cardiovascular Diseases, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase, Lipoproteins, HDL, Models, Biological, Niacin, Recombinant Proteins, Drugs, Investigational, Up-Regulation, Apolipoprotein A-I, Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins, Molecular Targeted Therapy

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