Veterans’ Perspectives on Fitbit Use in Treatment for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: An Interview Study
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Abstract
Background: The increase in availability of patient data through consumer health wearable devices and mobile phone sensors provides opportunities for mental health treatment beyond traditional self-report measurements. Previous studies have suggested that wearables can be effectively used to benefit the physical health of people with mental health issues, but little research has explored the integration of wearable devices into mental health care. As such, early research is still necessary to address factors that might impact integration including patients' motivations to use wearables and their subsequent data. Objective: The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of patients’ motivations to use or not to use wearables devices during an intensive treatment program for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). During this treatment, they received a complementary Fitbit. We investigated the following research questions: How did the veterans in the intensive treatment program use their Fitbit? What are contributing motivators for the use and nonuse of the Fitbit? Methods: We conducted semistructured interviews with 13 veterans who completed an intensive treatment program for PTSD. We transcribed and analyzed interviews using thematic analysis. Results: We identified three major motivations for veterans to use the Fitbit during their time in the program: increase self-awareness, support social interactions, and give back to other veterans. We also identified three major reasons certain features of the Fitbit were not used: lack of clarity around the purpose of the Fitbit, lack of meaning in the Fitbit data, and challenges in the veteran-provider relationship. Conclusions: To integrate wearable data into mental health treatment programs, it is important to understand the patient’s perspectives and motivations in using wearables. We also discuss how the military culture and PTSD may have contributed to our participants' behaviors and attitudes toward Fitbit usage. We conclude with possible approaches for integrating patient-generated data into mental health treatment settings that may address the challenges we identified.
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“Single coder approaches are methodologically sound when they include checks on validity and reliability [25].”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Ng, A., Reddy, M., Zalta, A. K., & Schueller, S. M.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Rush University Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ng, Ada
- Venue
- JMIR Mental Health
- Publisher
- JMIR Publications Inc.
- Published
- 2018-06-15
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e10415
- ISSN
- 2368-7959 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6026306
- OpenAlex
- W2802133293
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 5.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- JMIR Mental Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (5R25MH08091607)
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
- Northwestern University (5R25MH08091607)
- George Washington University
- Health Services Research and Development
- Washington University in St. Louis (5R25MH08091607)
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001422)
- Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (5R25MH08091607)
- National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH103394, K08MH102336, R25MH080916)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
- Keywords
- Fitbit, wearable devices, post-traumatic stress disorder, veterans, intensive treatment program, patient motivation, patient-generated health data, self-awareness, social support, military culture
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