Understanding quantified-selfers' practices in collecting and exploring personal data
Abstract
Researchers have studied how people use self-tracking technologies and discovered a long list of barriers including lack of time and motivation as well as difficulty in data integration and interpretation. Despite the barriers, an increasing number of Quantified-Selfers diligently track many kinds of data about themselves, and some of them share their best practices and mistakes through Meetup talks, blogging, and conferences. In this work, we aim to gain insights from these "extreme users," who have used existing technologies and built their own workarounds to overcome different barriers. We conducted a qualitative and quantitative analysis of 52 video recordings of Quantified Self Meetup talks to understand what they did, how they did it, and what they learned. We highlight several common pitfalls to self-tracking, including tracking too many things, not tracking triggers and context, and insufficient scientific rigor. We identify future research efforts that could help make progress toward addressing these pitfalls. We also discuss how our findings can have broad implications in designing and developing self-tracking technologies.
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Study 1 recruited 100 users, eliminated 26 based on open-ended responses, leaving a sample of 74 users.
“Following methodological recommendations concerning compliance of Mechanical Turk participants [18], we eliminated 26 respondents based on their responses to open ended questions, leaving us with a sample of 74 users.”
From Progressive Disclosure: When, Why, and How Do Users Want Algorithmic Transparency Information? (2020) · cites this paper as [18]
Emotional analytics is perceived as a key application by many users.
“Emotional analytics is perceived as a key application by many users [16,17,18,39,90].”
From Progressive Disclosure: When, Why, and How Do Users Want Algorithmic Transparency Information? (2020) · cites this paper as [18]
Research grounded in lived experiences of this extreme user group remains notably absent.
“Research grounded in lived experiences of this extreme user group [5, 8] remains notably absent.”
From 'AI-Induced Delusional Spirals': Understanding Lived Experiences During Maladaptive Human-Chatbot Interactions (2026) · cites this paper as [8]
Individuals are willing to engage in this effortful process when they expect that the recorded information will serve one of the functions of autobiographical memory (self, social, directive).
“Recent studies suggest that individuals are willing to engage in this effortful process when they expect that the recorded information will serve one of the functions of autobiographical memory described above (Stone et al., 2022; see also Broekhuijsen et al., 2017;Choe et al., 2014;Elsden, Durrant, et al., 2016;Finley et al., 2018;Soares & Storm, 2022).”
From Understanding Autobiographical Memory in the Digital Age: The AMEDIA-Model (2024) · cites this paper as Choe et al., 2014
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GENSI: A new graphical tool to collect ego-centered network data
Stark, T., & Krosnick, J. A. (2016) · Social Networks · doi:10.1016/j.socnet.2016.07.007 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
The gamification of risk: how health apps foster self-confidence and why this is not enough
Maturo, A. F., & Setiffi, F. (2016) · Health Risk & Society · doi:10.1080/13698575.2015.1136599 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Dragicevic, P., Jansen, Y., & Moere, A. V. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-27648-9_94-1 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
IoT-based safety monitoring from the perspective of construction site workers
Häikiö, J., Kallio, J., Mäkelä, S.-M., & Keränen, J. S. (2020) · International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Safety · doi:10.24840/2184-0954_004.001_0001 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Mitchell, E. G., Heitkemper, E., Burgermaster, M., Levine, M. E., Miao, Y., Hwang, M. L., Desai, P. M., Cassells, A. N., Tobin, J. N., Tabak, E. G., et al. (2021) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3411764.3445555 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Personal Tracking of Screen Time on Digital Devices
Rooksby, J., Asadzadeh, P., Rost, M., Morrison, A., & Chalmers, M. (2016) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2858036.2858055 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Lived Data: Tinkering With Bodies, Code, and Care Work
Kaziunas, E., Lindtner, S., Ackerman, M. S., & Lee, J. M. (2017) · Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/07370024.2017.1307749 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Clinical Data in Context: Towards Sensemaking Tools for Interpreting Personal Health Data
Raj, S., Lee, J. M., Garrity, A., & Newman, M. W. (2019) · Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies · doi:10.1145/3314409 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Chopra, S., Zehrung, R., Shanmugam, T. A., & Choe, E. K. (2021) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3411764.3445706 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, W., Ploderer, B., & Hoang, T. N. (2015) · Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction (OzCHI) · doi:10.1145/2838739.2838742 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Fitbit for learning: Towards capturing the learning experience using wearable sensing
Giannakos, M. N., Sharma, K., Papavlasopoulou, S., Pappas, I. O., & Kostakos, V. (2019) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2019.102384 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
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Yamashita, N., Kuzuoka, H., Hirata, K., Kudo, T., Aramaki, E., & Hattori, K. (2017) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3025453.3025843 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Co-Designing Food Trackers with Dietitians
Luo, Y., Liu, P., & Choe, E. K. (2019) · CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3290605.3300822 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationDobbins, C., Rawassizadeh, R., & Momeni, E. (2016) · Neurocomputing · doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2016.02.088 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Activity trackers, prior motivation, and perceived informational and motivational affordances
Jarrahi, M. H., Gafinowitz, N., & Shin, G. D. (2017) · Personal and Ubiquitous Computing · doi:10.1007/s00779-017-1099-9 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Tadas, S., & Coyle, D. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/18025 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Predicting "About-to-Eat" Moments for Just-in-Time Eating Intervention
Rahman, T., Czerwinski, M. P., Gilad-Bachrach, R., & Johns, P. (2016) · International Conference on Digital Health · doi:10.1145/2896338.2896359 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Evaluating an mHealth App for Health and Well-Being at Work: Mixed-Method Qualitative Study
de Korte, E. M., Wiezer, N., Janssen, J. H., Vink, P., & Kraaij, W. (2018) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/mhealth.6335 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Ambiguity as a Resource to Inform Proto-Practices
Sanches, P., Höök, K., Sas, C., & Ståhl, A. (2019) · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction · doi:10.1145/3318143 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Design Recommendations for Self-Monitoring in the Workplace: Studies in Software Development
Meyer, A. N., Murphy, G. C., Zimmermann, T., & Fritz, T. (2017) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3134714 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
- Authors
- Choe, E. K., Lee, N. B., Lee, B., Pratt, W., & Kientz, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Microsoft (United States) (US)
- Venue
- Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
- Publisher
- ACM
- Published
- 2014-04-26
- Pages
- 1143-1152
- OpenAlex
- W2151586234
- Cited by
- 766
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 70 · 2020: 59 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 96 · 2017: 79 · 2016: 65 · 2015: 69 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 59.91
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems
- Keywords
- self-tracking, quantified self, personal data collection, scientific rigor, user practices
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