Sustainable Development for Mobile Health Apps Using the Human-Centered Design Process
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Abstract
Well-documented scientific evidence indicates that mobile health (mHealth) apps can improve the quality of life, relieve symptoms, and restore health for patients. In addition to improving patients’ health outcomes, mHealth apps reduce health care use and the cost burdens associated with disease management. Currently, patients and health care providers have a wide variety of choices among commercially available mHealth apps. However, due to the high resource costs and low user adoption of mHealth apps, the cost-benefit relationship remains controversial. When compared to traditional expert-driven approaches, applying human-centered design (HCD) may result in more useable, acceptable, and effective mHealth apps. In this paper, we summarize current HCD practices in mHealth development studies and make recommendations to improve the sustainability of mHealth. These recommendations include consideration of factors regarding culture norms, iterative evaluations on HCD practice, use of novelty in mHealth app, and consideration of privacy and reliability across the entire HCD process. Additionally, we suggest a sociotechnical lens toward HCD practices to promote the sustainability of mHealth apps. Future research should consider standardizing the HCD practice to help mHealth researchers and developers avoid barriers associated with inadequate HCD practices.
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The quantitative CHW-MUAAT scale provides a standardized, scalable way to summarize usability and acceptability constructs, facilitating comparison of potential digital tools in one environment or of the functionality of a single tool in different contexts.
“This quantitative CHW-MUAAT scale provides a standardized, scalable way to summarize usability and acceptability constructs, which facilitates comparison of potential digital tools in one environment or of the functionality of a single tool in different contexts [26].”
From Adapting and Validating Tools to Assess the Usability and Acceptability of mHealth Tools Among Community Health Workers in Rural Settings: Development and Usability Study (2026) · cites this paper as [26]
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270Chapter 20 Human-Centered Design of Wearable Sensor Technologies for Chronic Disease Management
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- Authors
- An, Q., Kelley, M. M., Hanners, A., & Yen, P.-Y.
- Affiliations
- Umeå University (SE)
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- An, Qingfan
- Venue
- JMIR Formative Research
- Publisher
- JMIR Publications Inc.
- Published
- 2023-08-25
- Volume
- 7
- Pages
- e45694
- ISSN
- 2561-326X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10492175
- OpenAlex
- W4382401163
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 18.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- JMIR Formative Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DiVA at Umeå University (Umeå University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Usability and User Interface Design
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Keywords
- mobile health apps, human-centered design, sustainable development, user adoption, cost-benefit analysis, privacy, reliability, iterative evaluation, disease management, healthcare cost reduction
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