The DOI matches its Crossref record; 41 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
THE STRUCTURE OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA AT 2.6 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION. IMPLICATIONS FOR RECEPTOR BINDING
Abstract
The three-dimensional structure of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), a protein hormone secreted by macrophages, has been determined at 2.6 A resolution by x-ray crystallography. Phases were determined by multiple isomorphous replacement using data collected from five heavy atom derivatives. The multiple isomorphous replacement phases were further improved by real space symmetry averaging, exploiting the noncrystallographic 3-fold symmetry of the TNF-alpha trimer. An atomic model corresponding to the known amino acid sequence of TNF-alpha was readily built into the electron density map calculated with these improved phases. The 17,350-dalton monomer forms an elongated, antiparallel beta-pleated sheet sandwich with a "jelly-roll" topology. Three monomers associate intimately about a 3-fold axis of symmetry to form a compact bell-shaped trimer. Examination of the model and comparison to known protein structures reveals striking structural homology to several viral coat proteins, particularly satellite tobacco necrosis virus. Locations of residues conserved between TNF-alpha and lymphotoxin (TNF-beta, a related cytokine known to bind to the same receptors as TNF-alpha) suggest that lymphotoxin, like TNF-alpha, binds to the receptor as a trimer and that the general site of interaction with the receptor is at the "base" of the trimer.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The protein data bank: A computer-based archival file for macromolecular structures
Bernstein, F. C., Koetzle, T. F., Williams, G. J. B., Meyer, E. F., Brice, M. D., Rodgers, J. R., Kennard, O., Shimanouchi, T., & Tasumi, M. (1977) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/s0022-2836(77)80200-3 · Cited by 8,578
The interpretation of protein structures: Estimation of static accessibility
Lee, B., & Richards, F. M. (1971) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/0022-2836(71)90324-x · Cited by 5,850
The Anatomy and Taxonomy of Protein Structure
Richardson, J. S. (1981) · Advances in Protein Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0065-3233(08)60520-3 · Cited by 3,375
Shock and Tissue Injury Induced by Recombinant Human Cachectin
Tracey, K. J., Beutler, B., Lowry, S. F., Merryweather, J., Wolpe, S., Milsark, I. W., Hariri, R. J., Fahey, T. J., Zentella, A., Albert, J. D., et al. (1986) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3764421 · Cited by 2,549
Structure of the haemagglutinin membrane glycoprotein of influenza virus at 3 Å resolution
Wilson, I. A., Skehel, J. J., & Wiley, D. C. (1981) · Nature · doi:10.1038/289366a0 · Cited by 2,525
Analytical molecular surface calculation
Connolly, M. L. (1983) · Journal of Applied Crystallography · doi:10.1107/s0021889883010985 · Cited by 2,508
Beutler, B., Milsark, I. W., & Cerami, A. C. (1985) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3895437 · Cited by 2,352
A graphics model building and refinement system for macromolecules
Jones, T. A. (1978) · Journal of Applied Crystallography · doi:10.1107/s0021889878013308 · Cited by 1,839
Human tumour necrosis factor: precursor structure, expression and homology to lymphotoxin
Pennica, D., Nedwin, G. E., Hayflick, J. S., Seeburg, P. H., Derynck, R., Palladino, M. A., Kohr, W. J., Aggarwal, B. B., & Goeddel, D. V. (1984) · Nature · doi:10.1038/312724a0 · Cited by 1,736
Cachectin and tumour necrosis factor as two sides of the same biological coin
Beutler, B., & Cerami, A. (1986) · Nature · doi:10.1038/320584a0 · Cited by 1,647
Cited by
The TNF and TNF Receptor Superfamilies
Locksley, R. M., Killeen, N., & Lenardo, M. J. (2001) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00237-9 · Cited by 3,650
Generalized lymphoproliferative disease in mice, caused by a point mutation in the fas ligand
Takahashi, T., Tanaka, M., Brannan, C. I., Jenkins, N. A., Copeland, N. G., Suda, T., & Nagata, S. (1994) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90375-1 · Cited by 1,528
Hehlgans, T., & Pfeffer, K. (2005) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2567.2005.02143.x · Cited by 1,048
Regulation of tumour necrosis factor signalling: live or let die
Brenner, D., Blaser, H., & Mak, T. W. (2015) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3834 · Cited by 998
The molecular architecture of the TNF superfamily
Bodmer, J.-L., Schneider, P., & Tschopp, J. (2002) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0968-0004(01)01995-8 · Cited by 916
Metadata
- Authors
- Eck, M. J., & Sprang, S. R.
- Venue
- PubMed
- Publisher
- Worldwide Protein Data Bank
- Published
- 1990-01-15
- Volume
- 264
- Issue
- 29
- Pages
- 17595-605
- OpenAlex
- W1922574347
- Cited by
- 507
- References
- 41
- FWCI
- 19.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: THE STRUCTURE OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA AT 2.6 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION. IMPLICATIONS FOR RECEPTOR BINDING. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2210/pdb1tnf/pdb
- The paper
- Eck, M. J., & Sprang, S. R. (1990). THE STRUCTURE OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA AT 2.6 ANGSTROMS RESOLUTION. IMPLICATIONS FOR RECEPTOR BINDING. PubMed. https://doi.org/10.2210/pdb1tnf/pdb
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
