Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 5

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Goodwill impairment test disclosures under IAS 36: Compliance and disclosure quality, disclosure determinants, and the role of enforcement

Gros, Marius, Koch, Sebastian·2019·Corporate Ownership and Control

Abstract

Prior research documented that higher disclosure quality reduces information asymmetry and the cost of capital. Accordingly, firms have an incentive to comply with disclosure requirements and to provide voluntary disclosure. However, prior research on mandatory disclosures on goodwill impairment testing reveals low compliance among European firms. In this paper, we contribute to the literature and assist regulators, enforcers, and standard setters by shedding light on the determinants of the observed low levels of compliance and voluntary disclosure. Consistent with economic theory, we reveal that firms determine the level of disclosure strategically. We find firms with higher preparation and proprietary cost to show lower compliance and less voluntary disclosure while firms with higher growth opportunities provide better compliance and more voluntary disclosure. However, the strategic behavior is constrained by enforcement. Consequently, our results are more (less) pronounced within a weak (strong) enforcement environment.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.22495/cocv16i1c1art4

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 60

  1. Bepari, M. K., Rahman, S. F., & Mollik, A. T. (2014). Firms’ compliance with the disclosure requirements of IFRS for goodwill impairment testing - Effect of the global financial crisis and other firm characteristics. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 10(1), 116-149. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-02-2011-0008 · DOI
  2. Beretta, S., & Bozzolan, S. (2004). A framework for the analysis of firm risk communication. The International Journal of Accounting, 39(3), 265-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2004.06.006 · DOI
  3. Beyer, A., Cohen, D. A., Lys, T. Z., & Walther, B. R. (2010). The financial reporting environment. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 50(2-3), 296-343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2010.10.003 · DOI
  4. Böcking, H. J., Gros, M., & Worret, D. (2015). Enforcement of accounting standards: How effective is the German two-tier system in detecting earnings management? Review of Managerial Science, 9(3), 431-485. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-014-0159-z · DOI
  5. Botosan, C. A. (1997). Disclosure level and the cost of equity capital. The Accounting Review, 72(3), 323-349. Retrieved from: https://www.jstor.org/stable/248475
  6. Botosan, C., & Plumlee, M. A. (2002). A re-examination of disclosure level and the expected cost of equity capital. Journal of Accounting Research, 40(1), 21-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.00037 · DOI
  7. Brown, P., Preiato, J., & Tarca, A. (2014). Measuring country differences in enforcement of accounting standards: An audit and enforcement proxy. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, 41(1-2), 1-52. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/jbfa.12066 · DOI
  8. Camodeca, R., Almici, A., & Bernardi, M. (2013). Goodwill impairment testing under IFRS before and after the financial crisis: Evidence from the UK large listed companies. Problems and Perspective in Management, 11(3), 17-23. Retrieved from: https://businessperspectives.org/ images/pdf/applications/publishing/templates/ article/assets/5330/PPM_2013_03_Camodeca.pdf
  9. Cooke, T. E. (1989). Disclosure in the corporate annual reports of Swedish companies. Accounting and Business Review, 19(74), 113-124. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.1989.9728841 · DOI
  10. D’Alauro, G. (2013). The impact of IAS 36 on goodwill disclosures: Evidence of the write-offs and performance effects. Intangible Capital, 9(3), 754-799. https://doi.org/10.3926/ic.415 · DOI · Paper page
  11. Darrough, M. (1993). Disclosure policy and competition: Cournot vs. Bertrand. The Accounting Review, 68(3), 534-561. Retrieved from: https://www.jstor.org/stable/248200
  12. Darrough, M., & Stoughton, N. (1990). Financial disclosure policy in an entry game. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 12(1-3), 219-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4101(90)90048-9 · DOI
  13. Dechow, P. M., Sloan, R. G., & Sweeney, A. P. (1996). Causes and consequences of earnings manipulation: an analysis of firms subject to enforcement action by the SEC. Contemporary Accounting Research, 13(1), 1-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1996.tb00489.x · DOI
  14. DeFond, M. L., & Francis, J. R. (2005). Audit research after Sarbanes-Oxley. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 24(1), 5-30. https://doi.org/10.2308/aud.2005.24.s-1.5 · DOI
  15. Devalle, A., & Rizatto, F. (2012). The quality of mandatory disclosure: the impairment of goodwill. An empirical analysis of European listed companies. Procedia Economics and Finance, 2, 101-108. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/S2212-5671(12)00069-X · DOI
  16. Diamond, D. W., & Verrecchia, R. E. (1991). Disclosure, liquidity, and the cost of capital. The Journal of Finance, 46(4), 1325-1359. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1991.tb04620.x · DOI
  17. Dobler, M., Lajili, K., & Zéghal, D. (2011). Attributes of corporate risk disclosure: An international investigation in the manufacturing sector. Journal of International Accounting Research, 10(2), 1-22. https://doi.org/ 10.2308/jiar-10081 · DOI
  18. Dye, R. (1985). Disclosure of nonproprietary information. Journal of Accounting Research, 23(1), 123-145. https://doi.org/10.2307/2490910 · DOI
  19. Ellis, J. A., Fee, C. E., & Thomas, S. E. (2012). Proprietary costs and the disclosure of information about customers. Journal of Accounting Research, 50(3), 685-727. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-679X.2012.00441.x · DOI
  20. Ettredge, M., Johnstone, K., Stone, M., & Wang, Q. (2011). The effects of firm size, corporate governance quality, and bad news on disclosure compliance. Review of Accounting Studies, 16(4), 866-889. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11142-011-9153-8 · DOI
  21. European Securities and Markets Authority. (2013a). ESMA calls for improvements in disclosures related to goodwill impairment. Retrieved January 15, 2015 from: http://www.esma.europa.eu/news/ESMA-calls-improvements-disclosures-related-goodwill-impairment. · DOI
  22. European Securities and Markets Authority. (2014). Public statement – European common enforcement priorities for 2014 financial statements. Retrieved January 15, 2015 from: http://www.esma.europa.eu/ system/files/2014_1309_esma_public_statement_-_2014_european_common_enforcement_priorities.pdf. · DOI
  23. European Securities and Markets Authority. (2017). Public statement – European common enforcement priorities for 2017 financial statements. Retrieved November 10, 2017 from: https://www.esma.europa.eu/ sites/default/files/library/esma32-63-340_esma_european_common_enforcement_priorities_2017.pdf. · DOI
  24. Ernstberger, J., Koch, C., Tan, H. T. (2015). What dimensions of lead auditor expertise matter for audit quality and audit fees? https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2574639 · DOI
  25. Fernandes, S., & Lourenco, I. (2018). Determinants of compliance with mandatory disclosure: Research evidence. Corporate Ownership & Control, 15(2), 91-98. https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv15i2art8 · DOI
  26. Francis, J. R. (2004). What do we know about audit quality? British Accounting Review, 36(4), 345-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2004.09.003 · DOI
  27. Frankel, R. M., Johnson, M. F., & Nelson, K. K. (2002). The relation between auditors’ fees for nonaudit services and earnings management. The Accounting Review, 77(1), 71-105. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr.2002.77.s-1.71 · DOI
  28. Glaum, M., Landsman, W. R., & Wyrwa, S. (in-press). Goodwill impairment: The effects of public enforcement and monitoring by institutional investors. The Accounting Review. https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-52006 · DOI
  29. Glaum, M., Schmidt, P., Street, D. L., & Vogel, S. (2013). Compliance with IFRS3- and IAS36-required disclosures across 17 European countries: company- and country-level determinants. Accounting and Business Research, 43(3), 163-204. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2012.711131 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Grewal, J., Riedl, E. J., & Serafeim, G. (2015). Market reaction to mandatory nonfinancial disclosure (Harvard Business School Working Paper No. 16-025). Retrieved from: https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/ 1/22565791/16-025.pdf?sequence=1 · DOI
  31. Harris, M. S. (1998). The association between competition and managers’ business segment reporting decisions. Journal of Accounting Research, 36(1), 111-128. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491323 · DOI
  32. Hayes, R., & Lundholm, R. (1996). Segment reporting to the capital market in the presence of a competitor. Journal of Accounting Research, 34(2), 261-279. https://doi.org/10.2307/2491502 · DOI
  33. Healy, P. M., & Palepu, K. G. (2001). Information asymmetry, corporate disclosure, and the capital markets: A review of the empirical disclosure literature. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 31(1-3), 405-440. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-4101(01)00018-0 · DOI · Paper page
  34. Hope, O. K. (2003). Disclosure practices, enforcement of accounting standards, and analysts’ forecast accuracy: An international study. Journal of Accounting Research, 41(2), 235-272. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.00102 · DOI
  35. IASB. (2012). IAS 36-Impairment of Assets narrow scope amendment – Recoverable amount disclosures (Staff Paper, IASB Meeting, December 2012). Retrieved January 05, 2019 from https://www.ifrs.org/-/media/feature/meetings/2012/december/iasb/11-ias36-1212.pdf · DOI
  36. Izzo, M. F., Luciani, V., & Sartori, E. (2013). Impairment of goodwill: Level of compliance and quality of disclosure during the crisis: An analysis of Italian listed companies. International Business Research, 6(11), 94-121. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v6n11p94 · DOI
  37. Johansen, T. R., & Plenborg, T. (2013). Prioritising disclosures in the annual report. Accounting and Business Research, 43(6), 605-635. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2013.827105 · DOI
  38. Khairi, F. K., Laili, N. H., & Tran, D. M. (2012). Disclosure quality of goodwill – impairment testing: A disclosure index. Journal of Economics and Development, 14(1), 5-30. Retrieved from: http://vjol.info/index.php/ KTQD/article/viewFile/11330/10310 · DOI
  39. Lennox, C., & Pittman, J. A. (2010). Big five audits and accounting fraud. Contemporary Accounting Research, 27(1), 209-247. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.2010.01007.x · DOI
  40. Leuz, C. (2003). IAS versus U.S. GAAP: Information asymmetry-based evidence from Germany’s new market. Journal of Accounting Research, 41(3), 445-472. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-679X.2003.00111.x · DOI
  41. Leuz, C., & Wysocki, P. (2016). Economic consequences of financial reporting and disclosure regulation: A review and suggestions for future research. Journal of Accounting Research, 54(2), 525-622. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.12115 · DOI · Paper page
  42. Leuz, C., & Verrecchia, R. E. (2000). The economic consequences of increased disclosure. Journal of Accounting Research, 38, 91-124. https://doi.org/10.2307/2672910 · DOI · Paper page
  43. Leuz, C., Nanda, D., & Wysocki, P. (2003). Earnings management and investor protection: An international comparison. Journal of Financial Economics, 69(3), 505–527. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-405X(03)00121-1 · DOI
  44. Li, K. K., & Sloan, R. G. (2017). Has goodwill accounting gone bad? Review of Accounting Studies, 22(2), 967-1003. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11142-017-9401-7 · DOI
  45. Lin, J. W., & Hwang, M. I. (2010). Audit quality, corporate governance, and earnings management: A meta-analysis. International Journal of Auditing, 14(1), 57-77. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1099-1123.2009.00403.x · DOI
  46. Mazzi, F., André, P., Dionysiou, D., & Tsalavoutas, I. (2015). Compliance with goodwill-related mandatory disclosure requirements and the cost of equity capital. Accounting and Business Research, 47(3), 268-312. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2016.1254593 · DOI
  47. Morck, R., Schleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (1988). Managerial ownership and market valuation: An empirical analysis. Journal of Financial Economics, 20(1-2), 292-315. Retrieved from: https://scholar.harvard.edu/ shleifer/publications/management-ownership-and-market-valuation-empirical-analysis · DOI
  48. Nichols, D. C. (2009). Proprietary costs and other determinants of nonfinancial disclosures (Cornell University Working paper). · DOI
  49. Paananen, M. (2008). Fair value accounting for goodwill under IFRS: An exploratory study of the comparability in France, Germany, and the United Kingdom (Working paper). https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1275803 · DOI
  50. Paugam, L., & Ramond, O. (2015). Effect of impairment-testing disclosures on the cost of equity capital. Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 42(5-6), 583-618. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbfa.12113 · DOI
  51. Peasnell, K. V., Pope, P. F., & Young, S. (2001). The characteristics of firms subject to adverse rulings by the Financial Reporting Review Panel. Accounting and Business Research, 31(4), 291-311. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00014788.2001.9729621 · DOI
  52. Petersen, C., & Plenborg, T. (2010). How do firms implement impairment tests of goodwill? A Journal of Accounting, Finance and Business Studies, 46(4), 419-446. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6281.2010.00326.x · DOI
  53. Schatt, A., Doukakis, L., Bessieux-Ollier, C., & Walliser, E. (2016). Do goodwill impairments by European firms provide useful information to investors? Accounting in Europe, 13(3), 307-327. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/17449480.2016.1254348 · DOI
  54. Schleifer, A., & Vishny, R. (1997). A survey of corporate governance. The Journal of Finance, 52(2), 737-783. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb04820.x · DOI · Paper page
  55. Street, D. L., & Gray, S. J. (2002). Factors influencing the extent of corporate compliance with International Accounting Standards: summary of a research monograph. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing & Taxation, 11(1), 51-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1061-9518(02)00054-X · DOI
  56. Street, D. L., & Bryant, S. M. (2000). Disclosure level and compliance with IASs: A comparison of companies with and without U.S. listings and filings. The International Journal of Accounting, 35(3), 305-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7063(00)00060-1 · DOI
  57. Verrecchia, R. E. (1983). Discretionary disclosure. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 5, 179-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-4101(83)90011-3 · DOI · Paper page
  58. Verriest, A., & Gaeremynck, A. (2009). What determines goodwill impairment? Review of Business and Economics, 54(2), 106-128. Retrieved from: https://feb.kuleuven.be/rebel/jaargangen/2001-2010/2009/2009-2/RBE%202009-2%20-%20What%20Determines%20Goodwill%20Impairment.pdf
  59. Wallace, R. S. O., & Naser, K. (1995). Firm-specific determinants of the comprehensiveness of mandatory disclosure in the corporate annual reports of firms listed on the stock exchange of Hong Kong. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 14(4), 311-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4254(95)00042-9 · DOI
  60. Welker, M. (1995). Disclosure policy, information asymmetry and liquidity in equity markets. Contemporary Accounting Research, 11(2), 801–827. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1911-3846.1995.tb00467.x · DOI

Metadata

Authors
Gros, M., & Koch, S.
Venue
Corporate Ownership and Control
Published
2019
Volume
16
Issue
1-1
Pages
145-167
ISSN
  • 1810-3057
  • 1727-9232
Cited by
5
References
1
Language
en

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.