Cited by 382Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentPsychology and Mental HealthPsychosocial Factors Impacting Youth

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Coming of Age Too Early: Pubertal Influences on Girls' Vulnerability to Psychological Distress

Ge, Xiaojia, Conger, Rand D., Elder, Glen H.·1996·Child Development

DOI 10.2307/1131784

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Abstract

This 4-year longitudinal study investigates 3 hypothesized effects of the pubertal transition on the psychological distress of adolescent girls (N = ca. 200): early maturation, the impact of heterosexual versus same-sex friends, and prepubertal vulnerabilities, such as early emotional distress and father hostility. Building on Caspi and Moffitt's study of girls' delinquency, this study found that early maturing girls experienced significantly higher levels of psychological distress compared to their on-time and late maturing age-mates. In line with prior studies of girls' delinquency (Caspi, Lynam, Moffitt, & Silva, 1993; Magnusson, 1988), early maturing girls also experienced higher levels of distress at the tenth grade as reported by fathers, mothers, and adolescents when they were associated with mixed- rather than same-sex friends during the seventh through ninth grades. Finally, early maturing girls were more vulnerable to prior psychological problems, deviant peer pressures, and fathers' hostile feelings when compared to on-time and late maturing peers.

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Additional file 7 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26705883
Additional file 8 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26705886
Additional file 11 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26705895
Additional file 9 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26705889
Additional file 10 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26705892
Additional file 3 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26705871
Additional file 6 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26705880
Additional file 1 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25596366
Additional file 5 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26705877
Additional file 12 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26705898
Additional file 4 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26705874
Additional file 13 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26705901
Additional file 2 of Assessing causal links between age at menarche and adolescent mental health: a Mendelian randomisation study
Askelund, A. D., Wootton, R. E., Torvik, F. A., Lawn, R. B., Ask, H., Corfield, E. C., Magnus, M. C., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Magnus, P. M., Andreassen, O. A., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25596570
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Authors: Ge, X., Conger, R. D., & Elder, G. H.
Affiliations: University of California, Davis (US)
Iowa State University (US)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
Venue: Child Development
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 1996-12
Volume: 67
Issue: 6
Pages: 3386
ISSN: 0009-3920 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2307/1131784
OpenAlex: W2030292097
Cited by: 381
References: 35
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 5.80
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Child Development (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH19734, MH00567, R01MH043270, MH 43270, K05MH000567)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
Keywords: precocious puberty, early maturation, adolescent girls, psychological distress, peer relationships, same-sex friends, juvenile delinquency
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Menarche, Puberty, Rural Population, Stress, Psychological

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Coming of Age Too Early: Pubertal Influences on Girls' Vulnerability to Psychological Distress

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