The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Effective Teaching, Student Engagement in Classroom Activities, and Sex-Related Differences in Learning Mathematics
Abstract
This research identified the classroom activities that were related to the low level and high level mathematics achievement of boys and girls. In December and in May, students in 36 fourth grade mathematics classes completed a mathematics test containing low level and high level items from the National Assessment of Educational Progress. During January through April, the engagement/nonengagement in mathematics activities was observed for six randomly selected students of each sex in each class. Results showed that girls and boys did not differ significantly in either mathematics achievement or in observed engagement/nonengagement in mathematics activities. However, engagement in the following four types of activities was consistently and differentially related to girls’ versus boys’ low level and high level mathematics achievement: competitive mathematics activities, cooperative mathematics activities, social activities, and off-task behavior.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Stereotype Threat and Women's Math Performance
Spencer, S. J., Steele, C. M., & Quinn, D. M. (1999) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1006/jesp.1998.1373 · Cited by 3,435
Using Knowledge of Children's Mathematics Thinking in Classroom Teaching: An Experimental Study
Carpenter, T. P., Fennema, E., Peterson, P. L., Chiang, C.-P., & Loef, M. (1989) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.2307/1162862 · Cited by 1,015
Self-citationBaker, R. S. J. D., D'Mello, S. K., Rodrigo, M. M. T., & Graesser, A. C. (2010) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2009.12.003 · Cited by 936
Children's mathematical development: Research and practical applications.
Geary, D. C. (1994) · doi:10.1037/10163-000 · Cited by 565
A new perspective on women's math achievement.
Kimball, M. M. (1989) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.105.2.198 · Cited by 481
Metadata
- Authors
- Peterson, P. L., & Fennema, E.
- Venue
- American Educational Research Journal
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1985
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 309
- ISSN
- 0002-8312 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2153132402
- Cited by
- 275
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 34.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Effective Teaching, Student Engagement in Classroom Activities, and Sex-Related Differences in Learning Mathematics. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/1162966
- The paper
- Peterson, P. L., & Fennema, E. (1985). Effective Teaching, Student Engagement in Classroom Activities, and Sex-Related Differences in Learning Mathematics. American Educational Research Journal. https://doi.org/10.2307/1162966
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.