Social Class, Occupational Conditions, and Self-Esteem

Gecas, Viktor; Seff, Monica A.

doi:10.2307/1389122

Cited by 98Intergenerational and Educational Inequality StudiesSocial Power and Status DynamicsPersonality Traits and Psychology

Social Class, Occupational Conditions, and Self-Esteem

Gecas, Viktor, Seff, Monica A.·1989·Sociological Perspectives

DOI 10.2307/1389122

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This study is an attempt at further specification of the relationship between social class and self-esteem. We argue that the effects of social class on self-esteem are largely experienced through occupational conditions which affect the self-evaluation dimensions of self-efficacy and self-worth. We examine these relationships, with the use of path analysis, for a sample of working men. The path model considers the direct and indirect effects of social class (socioeconomic status and education) on occupational conditions (work complexity; control over work; degree of supervision and routinization), on dimensions of self-evaluation (self-efficacy and self-worth), and on general self-esteem. We found the direct effect of our social class indicators on general self-esteem to be small and insignificant. But occupational prestige was significantly related to occupational conditions, which in turn were significantly related to self-worth and self-efficacy. Education had a direct effect on self-efficacy and self-esteem and an indirect effect on self-esteem via self-efficacy and job complexity. Of the two dimensions of self-evaluation, self-efficacy had a substantially stronger effect than self-worth on general self-esteem. These findings support our expectation that the effects of social class on self-esteem are largely mediated by occupational conditions which affect primarily the efficacy dimension of self-evaluation.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2307/1389122

Cites

26 of 26 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Agency is more strongly linked to self-esteem than Communion is.
“Furthermore, Agency (a close relative of E) is more strongly linked to self-esteem than is Communion (a close relative of A) (Gebauer, Wagner et al., 2013;Gecas & Seff, 1989;Wojciszke et al., 2011).”
From Cultural norm fulfillment, interpersonal belonging, or getting ahead? A large-scale cross-cultural test of three perspectives on the function of self-esteem. (2015) · cites this paper as Gecas & Seff, 1989

Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change
Bandura, A. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.84.2.191 · Cited by 43,925 · see citing works
Men and Women of the Corporation.
Strauss, G., & Kanter, R. M. (1978) · Industrial and Labor Relations Review · doi:10.2307/2522922 · Cited by 7,292 · see citing works
Men and Women of the Corporation
Devanna, M. A. (1978) · The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science · doi:10.1177/002188637801400208 · Cited by 6,352 · see citing works
Untitled work
(1979) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 5,872 · see citing works
Sociology and Social Research
Payne, G., Dingwall, R. W. J., Payne, J., & Carter, M. (1981) · Nottingham Trent University's Institutional Repository (Nottingham Trent Repository) · Cited by 5,015 · see citing works
Social class and mental illness: Community study.
Hollingshead, A. B., & Redlich, F. C. (1958) · John Wiley & Sons, Inc. eBooks · doi:10.1037/10645-000 · Cited by 3,744 · see citing works
Social Class and Mental Illness
Hunt, R. G., Hollingshead, A. B., & Redlich, F. C. (1959) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1420236 · Cited by 3,307 · see citing works
The Self-Concept
Gecas, V. (1982) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.so.08.080182.000245 · Cited by 1,541 · see citing works
Self-citation
Class and Conformity: A Study in Values.
Powers, M. G., & Kohn, M. L. (1970) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2093420 · Cited by 1,116 · see citing works
Research in Social Stratification and Mobility
Wong, R. S.-K. (1993) · Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) · Cited by 1,089 · see citing works
Toward an hypothesis of work behavior.
Korman, A. K. (1970) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0028656 · Cited by 763 · see citing works
Occupational Experience and Psychological Functioning: An Assessment of Reciprocal Effects
Kohn, M. L., & Schooler, C. (1973) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2094334 · Cited by 575 · see citing works
Self-esteem : its conceptualization and measurement
Wells, L. E., & Marwell, G. (1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 538 · see citing works
Beyond the Looking-Glass Self: Social Structure and Efficacy-Based Self-Esteem
Gecas, V., & Schwalbe, M. L. (1983) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/3033844 · Cited by 500 · see citing works
Self-citation
Black and White Self-Esteem: The Urban School Child.
Weisman, C. S., Rosenberg, M., & Simmons, R. G. (1974) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2576909 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Social Class and Self-Esteem Among Children and Adults
Rosenberg, M., & Pearlin, L. I. (1978) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/226740 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
The Self in Social Psychology
Wegner, D. M., & Vallacher, R. R. (1980) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Class and Conformity: A Study in Values.
Reissman, L., & Kohn, M. L. (1970) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2575598 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Work and personality
Kohn, M. L. (1983) · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Efficacious Action and Social Approval as Interacting Dimensions of Self-Esteem: A Tentative Formulation Through Construct Validation
Franks, D. D., & Marolla, J. (1976) · Sociometry · doi:10.2307/3033498 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Autonomy in Work and Self-Esteem
Schwalbe, M. L. (1985) · Sociological Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.1985.tb00242.x · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Occupational Experience and the Self-Concept: A Longitudinal Study
Mortimer, J. T., & Lorence, J. (1979) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/3033802 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Organizational correlates of employee self-esteem.
Tharenou, P., & Harker, P. (1982) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.67.6.797 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
The Development of Self-Esteem in the Early Work Career
Mortimer, J. T., & Finch, M. D. (1986) · Work and Occupations · doi:10.1177/0730888486013002003 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Social Class, Occupational Conditions, and Efficacy-Based Self-Esteem
Staples, C. L., Schwalbe, M. L., & Gecas, V. (1984) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.2307/1389238 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citation
Class and Status in Family Research
Otto, L. B. (1975) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/350965 · Cited by 37 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 27 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Understanding the association between socioeconomic status and physical health: do negative emotions play a role?
Gallo, L. C., & Matthews, K. A. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.10 · Cited by 1,366 · see citing works
The Social Psychology Of Self-Efficacy
Gecas, V. (1989) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.so.15.080189.001451 · Cited by 977 · see citing works
Self-citation
Priceless: The Nonpecuniary Benefits of Schooling
Oreopoulos, P., & Salvanes, K. G. (2011) · Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/jep.25.1.159 · Cited by 963 · see citing works
The stress process and the social distribution of depression.
Turner, R., & Lloyd, D. A. (1999) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/2676332 · Cited by 584 · see citing works
The social–psychological bases of anticonsumption attitudes
Zavestoski, S. M. (2002) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.10007 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
The Effects of Homeownership: on the Self-Esteem, Perceived Control and Life Satisfaction of Low-Income People
Rohe, W. M., & Stegman, M. A. (1994) · Journal of the American Planning Association · doi:10.1080/01944369408975571 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Determining Children's Home Environments: The Impact of Maternal Characteristics and Current Occupational and Family Conditions
Menaghan, E. G., & Parcel, T. L. (1991) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/352909 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS AND SOCIAL IDENTITY
Breakwell, G. M. (1993) · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Psychosocial Resources and the Stress Process
Turner, R. J., & Roszell, P. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1106-3_7 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Long-Term Effects of Homeownership on the Self-Perceptions and Social Interaction of Low-Income Persons
Rohe, W. M., & Basolo, V. (1997) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0013916597296004 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Falling from Great (and Not-So-Great) Heights: How Initial Status Position Influences Performance after Status Loss
Marr, J. C., & Thau, S. (2013) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2011.0909 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and Perceptions of Self-Efficacy
Boardman, J. D., & Robert, S. (2000) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.2307/1389785 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Job Complexity, Performance, and Well‐being: When Does Supplies‐Values Fit Matter?*
Shaw, J. D., & Gupta, N. (2004) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2004.00008.x · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Self-Agency and the Life Course
Gecas, V. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-306-48247-2_17 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citation
STATUSES, ROLES, AND THE SENSE OF MATTERING
Schieman, S., & Taylor, J. D. (2001) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.1525/sop.2001.44.4.469 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Social Class and Self-Esteem: Psychological Centrality, Compensation, and the Relative Effects of Work and Home
Gecas, V., & Seff, M. A. (1990) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2786677 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Self-citation
Personal Resources and the Social Distribution of Depression
Turner, R. J., Lloyd, D. A., & Roszell, P. (1999) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1023/a:1022189904602 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
How large are returns to schooling? Hint: Money isn't everything
Oreopoulos, P., & Salvanes, K. G. (2009) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w15339 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
“Broken windows” and Self-Esteem: Subjective understandings of neighborhood poverty and disorder
Haney, T. J. (2006) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2006.07.003 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Perceived Inequity and Depression in Intimate Relationships: The Moderating Effect of Self-Esteem
Longmore, M. A., & DeMaris, A. (1997) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2787103 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Status and Identity in Marital Interaction
Stets, J. E. (1997) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2787082 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Cultural norm fulfillment, interpersonal belonging, or getting ahead? A large-scale cross-cultural test of three perspectives on the function of self-esteem.
Gebauer, J. E., Sedikides, C., Wagner, J., Bleidorn, W., Rentfrow, P. J., Potter, J., & Gosling, S. D. (2015) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/pspp0000052 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Friendship, Marriage and Self-Esteem
Voss, K., Markiewicz, D., & Doyle, A. B. (1999) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/0265407599161006 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-Efficacy
Allred, S. L., Harrison, L. D., & O’Connell, D. J. (2013) · The Prison Journal · doi:10.1177/0032885512472964 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Impact of Work, Family, and Welfare Receipt on Women's Self-Esteem in Young Adulthood
Elliott, M. (1996) · Social Psychology Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2787120 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Social Class and Work: A Review and Organizing Framework
Kish-Gephart, J. J., Moergen, K. J. N., Tilton, J., & Gray, B. (2022) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/01492063221076822 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Education, Mental Health, and Education–Labor Market Misfit
Bracke, P., van de Straat, V., & Missinne, S. (2014) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/0022146514557332 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Perceived parenting skill across the transition to adoptive parenthood among lesbian, gay, and heterosexual couples.
Goldberg, A. E., & Smith, J. Z. (2009) · Journal of Family Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0017009 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Children’s Education and Parents’ Trajectories of Depressive Symptoms
Lee, C., Glei, D., Goldman, N., & Weinstein, M. (2017) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/0022146517690200 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Socioeconomic Status, Job Conditions, and Well-Being: Self-Concept Explanations for Gender-Contingent Effects
Schieman, S. (2002) · Sociological Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.2002.tb00069.x · Cited by 63 · see citing works
The Effects of Industrial Employment Conditions on Job-Related Distress
Reynolds, J. R. (1997) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/2955419 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Socio‐Economic Status and Creativity: A Meta‐Analysis
Acar, S., Tadık, H., Uysal, R., Myers, D., & Inetas, B. (2022) · The Journal of Creative Behavior · doi:10.1002/jocb.568 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Effects of Gender and Age on Pride in Work, and Job Satisfaction
Magee, W. (2014) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-014-9548-x
Contingent Autonomy
Choi, S.-H., Leiter, J., & Tomaskovic‐Devey, D. (2008) · Work and Occupations · doi:10.1177/0730888408326766 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Job Autonomy and Control over One's Spouse: A Compensatory Process
Stets, J. E. (1995) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/2137341 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Welfare Reform and Women's Health: Review of the Literature and Implications for State Policy
O'Campo, P. J., & Smith, L. R. (1998) · Journal of Public Health Policy · doi:10.2307/3343075 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Processes Linking Social Class and Racial Socialization in African American Dual‐Earner Families
Crouter, A. C., Baril, M. E., Davis, K. D., & McHale, S. M. (2008) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2008.00568.x · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Parental Job Experiences and Children's Well-Being: The Case of Two-Parent and Single-Mother Working-Class Families
Perry‐Jenkins, M., & Gillman, S. A. (2000) · Journal of Family and Economic Issues · doi:10.1023/a:1009473918629 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Gender, Dimensions of Work, and Supportive Coworker Relations
Schieman, S. (2006) · Sociological Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.2006.00043.x · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Charting a course for the future of women's health in the United States: concepts, findings and recommendations
Strobino, D. M., Grason, H. A., & Minkovitz, C. S. (2002) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(01)00113-7 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self, Identity, and Social Inequality
Callero, P. L. (2014) · Handbooks of sociology and social research · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9002-4_12 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
In Search of the Social in Psychological Capital: Integrating Psychological Capital into a Broader Capital Framework
Dóci, E., Spruyt, B., Moortel, D. D., Vanroelen, C., & Hofmans, J. (2023) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1177/10892680231158791 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Social enrichment on the job: Complex work with people improves episodic memory, promotes brain reserve, and reduces the risk of dementia
Coleman, M. E., Roessler, M., Peng, S., Roth, A. R., Risacher, S. L., Saykin, A. J., Apostolova, L. G., & Perry, B. L. (2023) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13035 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Sense of Mattering in Late Life
Fazio, E. M. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1021-9_9 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
The Health of Women in Transition From Welfare to Employment
Kneipp, S. M., Waters, C. M., Quinn, A. A., & Daroszewski, E. B. (2000) · Western Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/01939450022044674 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Financial vulnerability and the reproduction of disadvantage in economic exchanges.
He, T., Derfler-Rozin, R., & Pitesa, M. (2020) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/apl0000427 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Injury and Depression: The Mediating Effects of Self-Concept
Seff, M. A., Gecas, V., & Ray, M. P. (1992) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.2307/1389300 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citation
A Study on the Relationship Between Marital Socioeconomic Status, Marital Satisfaction, and Depression: Analysis Based on Actor–Partner Interdependence Model (APIM)
Du, W., Luo, M., & Zhou, Z. (2021) · Applied Research in Quality of Life · doi:10.1007/s11482-021-09975-x · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Unpacking psychological inequalities in organisations: Psychological capital reconsidered
Dóci, E., Knappert, L., Nijs, S., & Hofmans, J. (2022) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12379 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Nice to meet you? Inter/intrapersonal perceptions of communication apprehension in initial interactions
Colby, N., Hopf, T., & Ayres, J. (1993) · Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1080/01463379309369881 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
A social psychological model of women’s gender‐typed occupational mobility
Chang, T. F. H. (2003) · Career Development International · doi:10.1108/13620430310459496 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Meat consumption, classed?
Einhorn, L. (2021) · Österreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie · doi:10.1007/s11614-021-00452-1 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
The Effects of Prison Siting Practices on Community Status Arrangements: A Framework Applied to the Siting of California State Prisons
Krause, J. D. (1992) · Crime & Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0011128792038001003 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Attitudes and views on healthy lifestyle interventions for the prevention of dementia and cardiovascular disease among older people with low socioeconomic status: a qualitative study in the Netherlands
Eggink, E., Hafdi, M., Hoevenaar‐Blom, M. P., Richard, E., & van Charante, E. P. M. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055984 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Students’ Educational Pathways: Aspirations, Decisions, and Constrained Choices Along the Education Lifecourse
Kurlaender, M., & Hibel, J. (2018) · Handbooks of sociology and social research · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-76694-2_16 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
School Socioeconomic Contexts and Adolescent Self-Descriptions in India
Reddy, R., & Gibbons, J. L. (1999) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1023/a:1021662828145 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-Efficacy and Citizen Engagement in Development: Experimental Evidence from Tanzania
Lieberman, E. S., & Zhou, Y. (2021) · Journal of Experimental Political Science · doi:10.1017/xps.2020.47 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
The Daily Grind
Menaghan, E. G. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1106-3_5 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Identity, Attribution, and Self-Esteem: When Employment Status Matters
Harrod, M. M., & Serpe, R. T. (2021) · Frontiers in sociology and social research · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-76966-6_10 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Efficacy and Active Citizenship in Development: Experimental Evidence on Validated Participation in TanzaniaPreprint
Lieberman, E. S., & Zhou, Y. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3047566 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Developing self-esteem-based curriculum as a foundation for sustainable education: A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis
Nuryana, Z., Xu, W., & Lu, S. (2023) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2023.957801 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The Effects of Marital Interaction, Depression and Self‐Esteem on Dietary Self‐Efficacy Among Married Couples1
Schafer, R. B., Keith, P. M., & Schäfer, E. (1994) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1994.tb02380.x · Cited by 8 · see citing works
What explains the association between socioeconomic status and depression among Vietnamese adults
Doan, V. D. K. (2011) · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Relational Learning and the Inside-Out Experience: A Pathway to Building Capacities, Transformative Perspectives, and a Deeper Understanding of Self, Community, and Others
Allred, S. L., Belche, N., & Robinson, T. (2013) · Palgrave Macmillan US eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137331021_22 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Perceived Demands of Social Change and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents From Different Educational Tracks
Pinquart, M., Silbereisen, R. Κ., & Grümer, S. (2012) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x11435575 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Selection Effects in the Relationship between Women's Work/Family Status and Perceived Control
Bullers, S. (1999) · Family Relations · doi:10.2307/585082 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Strain Theory and Suicide Ideation
Heydari, A., Nouri, M., & Ebrahimi, M. (2013) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Alcohol-related consequences and the intention to seek care in treatment naïve women and men with severe alcohol use disorder
Conner, K. R., Abar, B. W., Aldalur, A., Chiang, A., Hutchison, M., Maisto, S. A., & Stecker, T. A. (2022) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107337 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Over macht en depressiviteit: een sociaal-relationele visie
Bracke, P. (2000) · Tijdschrift Sociologie · doi:10.21825/sociologos.86491 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
COMMUNITY OPPOSITION TO CORRECTIONAL FACILITY SITING: BEYOND THE "NIMBY" EXPLANATION
Krause, J. D. (2016) · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Practical and theoretical implications of successfully doing difference in organizations
(2014) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s2051-2333(2014)0000001023 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The impact of receiving informal care on self-esteem and its moderation by social class
Zwar, L., König, H., & Hajek, A. (2019) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2019.1617241 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Intergenerational parallelism of self-efficacy: moderating variables, mediating variables, and common antecedents
Lin, C.-H. (2004) · OakTrust (Texas A&M University Libraries) · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Association of depression with gastroesophageal reflux disease, and the mediating role of risk factors: a Mendelian randomization study
Duan, H., Tao, L., Wu, K., Li, Q., Zhou, X., Dong, P., Sun, X., Lin, L., Ma, X., Zhao, R., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1425730 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The Effects of Sorority Recruitment on Self-Esteem
Chapman, L. E., Hirt, J. B., & Spruill, N. R. (2020) · W&M Publish (College of William & Mary) · doi:10.25774/s09a-na75 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
How Is One's Own and (Ex‐)Partner's Professional Prestige Associated With Loneliness and Isolation? Findings Based on Cross‐Sectional Data From Middle‐Aged and Older Adults Living in Germany in 2022/2023
Hajek, A., Zwar, L., Gyasi, R. M., Yon, D. K., Oh, H. Y., Soysal, P., Pengpid, S., Peltzer, K., & König, H. (2025) · Health Science Reports · doi:10.1002/hsr2.71371 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
New Economic Policy, Workplace and Human Development
Mehta, P. (2016) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ethnoracial Concordance in the Association between Academic Self-Efficacy and Achievement During Elementary and Middle School
Hibel, J., Penn, D. M., & Morris, R. C. (2016) · Sociological studies of children and youth · doi:10.1108/s1537-466120160000020002 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Workplace status: The multifaceted characteristics and dynamic influence mechanism
Wang, B., Gao, R., & Shu, X. (2020) · Advances in Psychological Science · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1042.2020.00904 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Keltoi client evaluation study.
Sweeney, B., Browne, C., McKiernan, B. C., & White, E. (2007) · Lenus, The Irish Health Repository (Dr Steevens Hospital Library) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Total quality management and parenting styles: a test of the spillover model
Chisholm, K. A. (1997) · ThinkTech (Texas Tech University)
My Biographical Self
Gecas, V. (2001) · Marriage & Family Review · doi:10.1300/j002v30n03_06
Self-citation
Yes we Can? Gender Differences in The Influence of Parental Sense of Control on Young Adults
Watson, D. (2011) · European Sociological Review · doi:10.1093/esr/jcr070
Does early maternal employment affect non- cognitive children outcomes?
Blaskó, Z. (2008)
Racial residential segregation, stereotypes, and neighborhoods: their influence on whites' racial attitudes and Blacks' self esteem.
Arevalo-Garcia, S. P. (2013)
RACE/ETHNICITY, FERTILITY INTENTIONS, AND WELL-BEING: THE IMPORTANCE OF OCCUPATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS IN AMERICAN WOMEN'S LIVES
Shreffler, K. M. (2007)
Examining Social Class Difference in Wider Social Milieu and at Work
Pompper, D. (2014) · International perspectives on equality, diversity and inclusion · doi:10.1108/s2051-2333(2014)0000001008
Faith-Based Programming and Community Transformation
Bollinger, L. (2016) · Digital Commons - Olivet Distinctive Heritage, Scholarship, & Creativity (Olivet Nazarene University)
The Dynamic Nature of Status Across Groups: Status Spillovers, Variance, and Disagreements
Fernandes, C. R. (2019) · Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)
Periodontal Treatment, Individual, Psychological Factors and Oral Health Related Quality of Life
Rawlinson, Ā. (2020)
Risk for Obesity: Contribution of Socioeconomic Status Factors and Potential Mediators
Hirschman, A. (2022) · Digital Archive @ GSU · doi:10.57709/5555025
References
(2014) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s2051-2333(2014)0000001019
On Mentoring: Multigenerational Reflections with James E. Blackwell
Dixon-Reeves, R. (2019) · Issues in Race and Society An Interdisciplinary Global Journal--Special Blackwell Edition · doi:10.34314/issuescomplete2019.00001
References
(2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-805371-3.16001-7
Racial residential segregation, stereotypes, and neighborhoods
Arevalo-Garcia, S. P. (2013) · doi:10.17760/d20003109
Art entrepreneurship afterschool: Providing marginalized youth toolkits for success
Mackus, S. C. (2011) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
Supervision, job satisfaction, and retention among nursing assistants
Dill, J. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/byy8-1p77
An examination of selected characteristics contributing to well-being among married women at midlife and married younger adult women
Dunham, C. S. (1998) · doi:10.31274/rtd-180813-4965

Authors: Gecas, V., & Seff, M. A.
Affiliations: Washington State University (US)
Corresponding author: Gecas, Viktor
Venue: Sociological Perspectives
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 1989-09
Volume: 32
Issue: 3
Pages: 353-364
ISSN: 0731-1214 (ISSN-L)
1533-8673
DOI: 10.2307/1389122
OpenAlex: W2079126366
Cited by: 98
References: 27
Citations by year: 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 11.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Sociological Perspectives (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Power and Status Dynamics
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Keywords: social class, self-esteem, working conditions, self-efficacy, self-worth, socioeconomic status, occupational prestige, job complexity, job control, supervision, routinization, working men, mediation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Social Class, Occupational Conditions, and Self-Esteem

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks