The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Equilibrium Selection in Signaling Games
Open accessAbstract
We present a refinement of the set of sequential equilibria [Kreps & Wilson (1982)] for generic signaling games based on rationality postulates for off-the-equilibrium-path beliefs. This refinement concept eliminates equilibria which Kreps (1985) and others dismiss on intuitive grounds. In addition, we derive a characterization of the set of stable equilibria [Kohlberg and Mertens (1982)] for generic signaling games in terms of equilibrium strategies and restrictions on beliefs. Examples are given which differentiate the predictions of these equilibrium concepts.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Monitoring and reputation: The choice between bank loans and directly placed debt
Diamond, D. W. (1991) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/261775 · Cited by 3,331
Biological signals as handicaps
Grafen, A. (1990) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/s0022-5193(05)80088-8 · Cited by 2,462
Covenants and collateral as incentives to monitor
RAJAN, R., & WINTON, A. (1995) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1995.tb04052.x · Cited by 1,193
Testing for effects of cheap talk in a public goods game with private information
Palfrey, T. R., & Rosenthal, H. (1991) · Games and Economic Behavior · doi:10.1016/0899-8256(91)90022-7 · Cited by 127
Two-person bargaining behavior in fixed discounting factors games with infinite horizon
Weg, E., Rapoport, A., & Felsenthal, D. S. (1990) · Games and Economic Behavior · doi:10.1016/0899-8256(90)90015-m · Cited by 65
Metadata
- Authors
- Banks, J. S., & Sobel, J.
- Venue
- Econometrica
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1987-05
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 647
- ISSN
- 0012-9682 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2119040993
- Cited by
- 919
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 36.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Equilibrium Selection in Signaling Games. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/1913604
- The paper
- Banks, J. S., & Sobel, J. (1987). Equilibrium Selection in Signaling Games. Econometrica. https://doi.org/10.2307/1913604
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
