The DOI matches its Crossref record.
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa
Abstract
How Europe Underdeveloped Africa is an ambitious masterwork of political economy, detailing the impact of slavery and colonialism on the history of international capitalism. In this classic book, Rodney makes the unflinching case that African “mal-development” is not a natural feature of geography, but a direct product of imperial extraction from the continent, a practice that continues up into the present. Meticulously researched, How Europe Underdeveloped Africa remains a relevant study for understanding the so-called “great divergence” between Africa and Europe, just as it remains a prescient resource for grasping the multiplication of global inequality today. In this new edition, Angela Davis offers a striking foreword to the book, exploring its lasting contributions to a revolutionary and feminist practice of anti-imperialism.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cites
Still being checked.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 2,001–2,100 of 2,519
(2001) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822380375-007
(2004) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822386056-005
(2012) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822395584-008
(1990) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822381648-004
Zaribacontests and collaborations
Lombard, L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778794.002
The Space and Time of Capitalist Crisis and Transition
(2019) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478003267-002
Harney, S., & Thomas, H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108561839.001
Force, status, and uncertainty in the arts of acquisition
Lombard, L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778794.001
(2003) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822385097-002
The Black Church and the Twenty-First Century
(1990) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822381648-013
(2013) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv125jg3w.7
Marcus, S. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/chol9780521846257.022
da Silva, D. B. D. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316771501.009
(2008) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822388913-011
(2016) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822374947-019
Death and Politics, 1950s–2000s
(2013) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822395621-002
Culture and Cultural Analysis as Experimental Systems
(2009) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822390794-001
(2021) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478021520-114
(2008) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822388913-003
Guns, Butter, and the New (Old) International Division of Labor
(2008) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822388913-005
Murphy, J. T., & Carmody, P. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118751282.bref
Lombard, L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778794.007
Ness, I., & Cope, Z. (2016) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230392786_1
Big-game hunting and regulatory sociality
Lombard, L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778794.004
da Silva, D. B. D. (2017) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316771501.013
THE SLAVE TRADE IN THE ENLIGHTENMENT
(2008) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv11cw4nx.7
(2019) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478003267-004
Sovereignty and distribution amid forceful acquisition
Lombard, L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778794.009
Invisible Workers in a Dying Industry
(2008) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822388913-006
Schritt, J. (2018) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-7055
Pereira, A. D. (2021) · Revista Brasileira de Estudos Africanos · doi:10.22456/2448-3923.122359
Sociology of Development and Education: An Epistemic Continental Approach
Àkànle, Ọ., & Adejare, G. S. (2021) · Alternation Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of the Arts and Humanities in Southern Africa · doi:10.29086/2519-5476/2021/sp37a6
(2022) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009256148.015
Chari, S. (2022) · Dialogues in Human Geography · doi:10.1177/20438206221074460
Ambler, L., Earle, J., & Scott, N. (2022) · Manchester University Press eBooks · doi:10.7765/9781526159878.00019
Jobe, N., & Adesopo, A. (2022) · International Journal of African and Asian Studies · doi:10.7176/jaas/78-04
Haastrup, T. (2022) · Identities · doi:10.1080/1070289x.2022.2061810
Ayamdoo, M. A. (2022) · International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science · doi:10.47772/ijriss.2022.6407
Ogali, M. D. (2022) · American Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities · doi:10.55284/ajssh.v7i1.623
Abdel-Fadil, M. (1989) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-19841-2_9
European Imperialism in West Africa
Ikeke, M. O. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29901-9_206
Morrison, D. G., Mitchell, R. C., & Paden, J. N. (1989) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-11023-0_4
The Diversity of African Politics: Trends and Approaches
Chazan, N. H., Mortimer, R., Ravenhill, J., & Rothchild, D. S. (1992) · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-12976-8_2
(2004) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470756218.refs
Lombard, L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778794.010
The de-Africanization of African development
Mwenechanya, M. (2009) · doi:10.17760/d20000062
Human Rights, Postcolonialism, and Education
Abdi, A. A. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-287-588-4_183
(2018) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822372981-014
Workers vs Machines: Ottoman Tunis between Industrialisation and Colonisation
Lafi, N. (2017) · Brill | Nijhoff eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004349551_004
Muzio, T. D., & ROBBINS, R. H. (2016) · Manchester University Press eBooks · doi:10.7765/9781526101013.00014
Steiner, B. (2020) · Manchester University Press eBooks · doi:10.7765/9781526143242.00015
Ramamurthy, A. (2017) · Manchester University Press eBooks · doi:10.7765/9781526118578.00014
S outhern A frica, Popular Resistance to Neoliberalism, 1982–2007
Bond, P. H. (2009) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781405198073.wbierp1388
Att studera Afrika. Vägar till källorna
(2014) · African Studies Companion Online · doi:10.1163/1872-9037_afco_dum_r0001
Obeng‐Odoom, F. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108590372.013
Lewis, D. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29901-9_277
(2021) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478021520-006
Johnson, D. H., & Davis, C. (2015) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137401625_1
What Is Struggle? What Is Experience?
(2018) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478002000-005
Tucker, H. F. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/chol9780521846257.010
(2006) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781847201577.00029
(1978) · Critique of Anthropology · doi:10.1177/0308275x7800300901
Huber, M. (2020) · De Gruyter eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783110681017-011
Conclusion: Charting Future Paths for African Women’s Studies
Yacob‐Haliso, O., & Falọla, T. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-77030-7_121-1
Imperialism, Historical Evolution
Conner, C. D. (2009) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781405198073.wbierp0739
Stewart, D. M. (2005) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0195154150.003.0004
(2018) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822372981-012
Agyeman-Duah, B., & Daddieh, C. K. (1994) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-23277-2_3
Population, Urbanisation and Education
Webster, A. (1990) · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-20584-4_5
Mangala, J. R. (2010) · Palgrave Macmillan US eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230117303_1
Bush, R. D. (2009) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781405198073.wbierp1266
Postcolonialism, Development, and Education
Kapoor, D. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-287-532-7_188-2
Re-Centering Culture in Development Administration in Africa
Akinola, O., & Ogunbowale, M. O. (2020) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-3019-1.ch014
Lombard, L. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108778794.011
Midgley, J., & Piachaud, D. (2011) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781849808491.00006
Opalo, K. O. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108684651.011
Race and Racism: Some Salient Issues
Naidu, V. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-2898-5_25
Demonumentalizing Written and Archival Knowledge
(2018) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478002000-010
OSIMERAH, C. A., & Okolo, P. O. (2017) · WILBERFORCE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES · doi:10.36108/wjss/7102.20.0230
Tsey, K. (1977) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1111/j.1467-842x.1977.tb00970.x
(2021) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478021360-024
Bono, I., & Hibou, B. (2017) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004349551_014
Smith, V. (2013) · International Journal of Developing Societies · doi:10.11634/216817831201233
(2018) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822372981-005
Buttelli, F. G. K., & Bruyns, C. L. (2019) · Alternation Interdisciplinary Journal for the Study of the Arts and Humanities in Southern Africa · doi:10.29086/2519-5476/2019/sp24.2a9
(2021) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9781478021360-016
The fluidity of late-colonial development
Parker, J. (2020) · doi:10.17760/d20384384
Liberia, the Struggle for Territorial Integrity, Sovereignty, and Democracy
Jimmeh, J. B. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29901-9_226
Race-Class-Gender Articulation and the Fifth International
Agozino, B. (2019) · Journal of World-Systems Research · doi:10.5195/jwsr.2019.959
Stewart, D. M. (2005) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0195154150.003.0002
Panford, K. (2017) · Palgrave Macmillan US eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-54072-0_1
Boukari-Yabara, A. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29901-9_324
Bogaerts, E. (2014) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004260443_015
(2014) · Bloomsbury Publishing Plc eBooks · doi:10.5040/9781472544506.0007
Turner, J. (2020) · Manchester University Press eBooks · doi:10.7765/9781526146946.00016
Metadata
- Authors
- Gerhart, G. M., & Rodney, W.
- Venue
- Foreign Affairs
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1997
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 237
- ISSN
- 0015-7120 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4246066143
- Cited by
- 2,530
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 110 · 2024: 229 · 2023: 274 · 2022: 298 · 2021: 229 · 2020: 205 · 2019: 148 · 2018: 117 · 2017: 106 · 2016: 95 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 67 · 2013: 69 · 2012: 62
- FWCI
- 48.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Foreign Affairs (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › African history and culture studies
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › World Systems and Global Transformations
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Economy and Marxism
- Keywords
- European colonialism, underdevelopment, Africa, colonialism
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
