Functions
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Natural language and natural selection
Pinker, S. A., & Bloom, P. (1990) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00081061 · Cited by 2,473 · see citing works
Burge, T. (2010) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199581405.001.0001 · Cited by 1,137 · see citing works
Functional Accounts of Emotions
Keltner, D. J., & Gross, J. J. (1999) · Cognition & Emotion · doi:10.1080/026999399379140 · Cited by 876 · see citing works
Biological Complexity and Integrative Pluralism
Mitchell, S. D. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511802683 · Cited by 638 · see citing works
Functions as Selected Effects: The Conceptual Analyst's Defense
Neander, K. (1991) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/289610 · Cited by 887 · see citing works
The teleological notion of ‘function’
Neander, K. (1991) · Australasian Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.1080/00048409112344881 · Cited by 511 · see citing works
The scope of teleological thinking in preschool children
Kelemen, D. A. (1999) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/s0010-0277(99)00010-4 · Cited by 493 · see citing works
The Human Function Compunction: Teleological explanation in adults
Kelemen, D., & Rosset, E. (2009) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2009.01.001 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
Functional Analysis and Proper Functions
Griffiths, P. E. (1993) · The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1093/bjps/44.3.409 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Is memory for remembering? Recollection as a form of episodic hypothetical thinking
Brigard, F. D. (2013) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-013-0247-7 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Representational content in humans and machines
Bickhard, M. H. (1993) · Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1080/09528139308953775 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
An Organizational Account of Biological Functions
Mossio, M., Alejandro, C., & Moreno, Á. (2009) · The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1093/bjps/axp036 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
The Gene Ontology and the Meaning of Biological Function
Thomas, P. D. (2016) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3743-1_2 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Melnyk, A. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511498817 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Ullmann‐Margalit, E. (1978) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/bf00485077 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Amundson, R., & LAUDER, G. V. (1994) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/bf00850375 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Cooper, R. (2002) · Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0039-3681(02)00018-3 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
SOCIAL KNOWING: THE SOCIAL SENSE OF ‘SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE’
Bird, A. (2010) · Philosophical Perspectives · doi:10.1111/j.1520-8583.2010.00184.x · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Bird, A. (2007) · Philosophy and Phenomenological Research · doi:10.1111/j.1933-1592.2007.00004.x · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Schueler, G. F. (2003) · doi:10.1093/0199250375.001.0001 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Misrepresenting & malfunctioning
Neander, K. (1995) · Philosophical Studies · doi:10.1007/bf00989706 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Simion, M. (2019) · Philosophical Issues · doi:10.1111/phis.12152 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Reactive Attitudes as Communicative Entities
Macnamara, C. (2013) · Philosophy and Phenomenological Research · doi:10.1111/phpr.12075 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Graham, P. J. (2011) · Noûs · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0068.2010.00815.x · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Rea, M. C. (2002) · doi:10.1093/0199247609.001.0001 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
What makes biological organisation teleological?
Mossio, M., & Bich, L. (2014) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-014-0594-z · Cited by 147 · see citing works
The Function Debate in Philosophy
Wouters, A. G. (2005) · Acta Biotheoretica · doi:10.1007/s10441-005-5353-6 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Four notions of biological function
Wouters, A. G. (2003) · Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.shpsc.2003.09.006 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Teleological Theories of Mental Content
Neander, K. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195182057.003.0017 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Walsh, D. M., & Ariew, A. (1996) · Canadian Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.1080/00455091.1996.10717464 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Evolution evolves: physiology returns to centre stage
Noble, D., Jablonka, E., Joyner, M. J., Müller, G. B., & Omholt, S. W. (2014) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2014.273151 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
The roles that artefacts play: technical, social and aesthetic functions
Crilly, N. (2010) · Design Studies · doi:10.1016/j.destud.2010.04.002 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
What Biological Functions Are and Why They Matter
Garson, J. (2019) · doi:10.1017/9781108560764 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Students’ intuitive explanations of the causes of homologies and adaptations
Kampourakis, K., & Zogza, V. (2007) · Science & Education · doi:10.1007/s11191-007-9075-9 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Conceptual Innovation, Function First
Simion, M., & Kelp, C. (2019) · Noûs · doi:10.1111/nous.12302 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Walsh, D. M. (1996) · The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1093/bjps/47.4.553 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Health, Naturalism, and Functional Efficiency
Hausman, D. M. (2012) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/668005 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Autonomy in evolution: from minimal to complex life
Ruiz‐Mirazo, K., & Moreno, Á. (2011) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-011-9874-z · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Piccinini, G. (2010) · Philosophy and Phenomenological Research · doi:10.1111/j.1933-1592.2010.00356.x · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Zammito, J. H. (2006) · Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.shpsc.2006.09.008 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Kampourakis, K., & Zogza, V. (2008) · Science & Education · doi:10.1007/s11191-008-9171-5 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Concepts of Health and Disease
Boorse, C. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-51787-6.50002-7 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Ascribing Functions to Technical Artefacts: A Challenge to Etiological Accounts of Functions
Vermaas, P. E., & Houkes, W. (2003) · The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1093/bjps/54.2.261 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Enç, B. (2003) · doi:10.1093/0199256020.001.0001 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
SINBAD Neurosemantics: A Theory of Mental Representation
Ryder, D. (2004) · Mind & Language · doi:10.1111/j.1468-0017.2004.00255.x · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Bealer, G., & Koons, R. C. (2010) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199556182.001.0001 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Biological Organization and Cross-Generation Functions
Alejandro, C., Mossio, M., & Moreno, Á. (2011) · The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1093/bjps/axq034 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Evolution in thermodynamic perspective: An ecological approach
Weber, B. H., Depew, D., Dyke, C., Salthe, S. N., Schneider, E. D., Ulanowicz, R. E., & Wicken, J. S. (1989) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/bf00162587 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Representation and Explanation
Papineau, D. (1984) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/289205 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
An Upper Limit on the Functional Fraction of the Human Genome
Graur, D. (2017) · Genome Biology and Evolution · doi:10.1093/gbe/evx121 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Casler, K., & Kelemen, D. A. (2008) · Journal of Cognition and Development · doi:10.1080/15248370802248556 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Conceptual fragmentation and the rise of eliminativism
Taylor, H., & Vickers, P. (2016) · European Journal for Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1007/s13194-016-0136-2 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Function, fitness and disposition
Mitchell, S. D. (1995) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/bf00851986 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Scaffolding Analysis: Extending the Scaffolding Metaphor to Learning Artifacts
Sherin, B. L., Reiser, B. J., & Edelson, D. C. (2004) · Journal of the Learning Sciences · doi:10.1207/s15327809jls1303_5 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Biological Function, Adaptation, and Natural Design
Allen, C., & Bekoff, M. (1995) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/289889 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
The Computational Theory of Mind
DeLancey, C. (2002) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/0195142713.003.0011 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
A Generalized Selected Effects Theory of Function
Garson, J. (2017) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/692146 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Assessing the Causal Structure of Function.
Chaigneau, S. E., Barsalou, L. W., & Sloman, S. A. (2004) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.133.4.601 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Upper-directed systems: a new approach to teleology in biology
McShea, D. W. (2012) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s10539-012-9326-2 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Bloomfield, P. (2001) · doi:10.1093/0195137132.001.0001 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Paradigm lost: reconsidering functional form and group hypotheses in marine ecology
Padilla, D. K., & Allen, B. J. (2000) · Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology · doi:10.1016/s0022-0981(00)00197-0 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
The functions of institutions: etiology and teleology
Hindriks, F., & Guala, F. (2019) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-019-02188-8 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Teleosemantics and indeterminacy
Papineau, D. (1998) · Australasian Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.1080/00048409812348151 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Evolution, Dysfunction, and Disease: A Reappraisal
Griffiths, P. E., & Matthewson, J. (2016) · The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1093/bjps/axw021 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Philosophy of Experimental Biology
Weber, M. (2004) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511498596 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
A Goal-State Theory of Function Attributions
Adams, F. (1979) · Canadian Journal of Philosophy · doi:10.1080/00455091.1979.10716265 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Kampourakis, K. (2020) · Evolution Education and Outreach · doi:10.1186/s12052-019-0116-z · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Adaptive Explanation and the Concept of a Vestige
Griffiths, P. E. (1992) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8038-0_5 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Autonomy and Process Closure as the Basis for Functionality
Collier, J. D. (2000) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06287.x · Cited by 84 · see citing works
A Simple View of Consciousness
Pautz, A. (2010) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199556182.003.0002 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Richardson, J. A. (2002) · Philosophy and Phenomenological Research · doi:10.1111/j.1933-1592.2002.tb00221.x · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Function-Based Conceptual Engineering and the Authority Problem
Queloz, M. (2022) · Mind · doi:10.1093/mind/fzac028 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Evaluation of research in biomedical ontologies
Hoehndorf, R., Dumontier, M., & Gkoutos, G. V. (2012) · Briefings in Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bib/bbs053 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Floridi, L., Fresco, N., & Primiero, G. (2014) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-014-0610-3 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Glidden, D. (1981) · The Classical Quarterly · doi:10.1017/s0009838800021066 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Parts and Theories in Compositional Biology
Winther, R. G. (2006) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s10539-005-9002-x · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Is addiction a brain disease? A plea for agnosticism and heterogeneity
Pickard, H. (2021) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-021-06013-4 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Garson, J. (2011) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s10539-011-9262-6 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
LIEBERMAN, P. H. (1990) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x0008119x · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Papineau, D. (2002) · doi:10.1002/9780470996362.ch11 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
The misuse of Sober's selection for/selection of distinction
Goode, R., & Griffiths, P. E. (1995) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/bf00851989 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Interaction and Representation
Bickhard, M. H. (1999) · Theory & Psychology · doi:10.1177/0959354399094001 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
What good is five percent of a language competence?
Catania, A. C. (1990) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00081097 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Function, selection, and construction in the brain
Garson, J. (2012) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-012-0122-y · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Three aspects of representation in neuroscience
Baker, B., Lansdell, B., & Kording, K. P. (2022) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2022.08.014 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Knowledge of artefact functions
Houkes, W. (2006) · Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A · doi:10.1016/j.shpsa.2005.12.011 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
The concept of function in modern physiology
Roux, É. (2014) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2014.272062 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Functions and Goal Directedness
Enç, B., & Adams, F. (1992) · Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1086/289699 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Functional analysis and the species design
Neander, K. (2015) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-015-0940-9 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Lenton, T. M., Dutreuil, S., & Latour, B. (2020) · The Anthropocene Review · doi:10.1177/2053019620918939 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Studdert‐Kennedy, M. (1990) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00081322 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Junk or functional DNA? ENCODE and the function controversy
Germain, P., Ratti, E., & Boem, F. (2014) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s10539-014-9441-3 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Function and organization: comparing the mechanisms of protein synthesis and natural selection
Illari, P. K., & Williamson, J. (2010) · Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.shpsc.2010.07.001 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Hull, D. L. (1982) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-010-9940-0_11 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Debunking morality: evolutionary naturalism and moral error theory
Lillehammer, H. (2003) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1023/a:1025568525832 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Incredible Utility: The Lost Causes and Causal Debris of Psychological Science
Richters, J. E. (2021) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/01973533.2021.1979003 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Functions as based on a concept of general design
Krohs, U. (2007) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-007-9258-6 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Simpson, W. M. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009026475 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Caplan, A. L. (2005) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7400435 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
A persistence enhancing propensity account of ecological function to explain ecosystem evolution
Dussault, A. C., & Bouchard, F. (2016) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-016-1065-5 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wright, L.
- Corresponding author
- Wright, Larry
- ORCID
- Wright, Larry
- Venue
- The Philosophical Review
- Publisher
- JSTOR
- Published
- 1973-04
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 139
- ISSN
- 0031-8108 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4252319302
- Cited by
- 983
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 80 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 67 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 4.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Philosophical Review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Philosophy and Theoretical Science
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Philosophy, Science, and History
- Keywords
- functions, concept of function, philosophy of mathematics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review