Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 2,380

The DOI matches its OpenAlex record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Stock Prices, Earnings, and Expected Dividends

Open access
John Campbell, Robert Shiller·1988·Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)

Abstract

Long historical averages of real earnings help forecast present values of future real dividends. With aggregate U.S. stock market data (1871-1986), a vector-autoregressive forecast of the present value of future dividends is, for each year, roughly a weighted average of moving-average earnings and current real price, with between two thirds and three fourths of the weight on the earnings measure. We develop the implications of this for the present-value model of stock prices and for recent results that long-horizon stock returns are highly forecastable.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

OpenAlex · 10.2307/2328190

Cites

21 of 21 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 21 references

Cited by

See all 2,380

Metadata

Authors
Campbell, J., & Shiller, R.
Venue
Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)
Publisher
Harvard University
Published
1988-01-01
OpenAlex
W3122712023
Cited by
2,380
References
21
FWCI
27.35
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Stock Prices, Earnings, and Expected Dividends. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2307/2328190
The paper
Campbell, J., & Shiller, R. (1988). Stock Prices, Earnings, and Expected Dividends. Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University). https://doi.org/10.2307/2328190

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.