The Impact of Automated Office Systems on Middle Managers and Their Work
Abstract
A survey of seventy-five Montreal middle managers was conducted, investigating their perceptions of the impact of automated office systems on their jobs and work. Two key findings emerged in the results. First, middle managers perceived that office automation had led to a variety of changes that, almost without exception, made their jobs and work more enriching and satisfying. Second, middle managers with first-hand experience with various systems, either through the presence of such systems in their organization or through their own personal use of such systems, were even more positive than managers without this exposure. The importance of these findings is discussed in the context of related work drawn from the fields of psychology and organizational behavior.
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When employees begin using a new system, they are more likely to experience substantial changes to intrinsic job characteristics, work processes, routines, and habits.
“When employees start using a new system, as noted earlier, they are more likely to experience substantial changes to their intrinsic job characteristics, work processes, routines, and habits (Millman & Hartwick, 1987).”
From Technology Acceptance Model 3 and a Research Agenda on Interventions (2008) · cites this paper as Millman & Hartwick, 1987
Cites
Bem, D. J. (1972) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(08)60024-6 · Cited by 5,241 · cited 1× · see citing works
“to rationalize or explain their behavior [7, 14].”
Employee reactions to job characteristics.
Hackman, J. R., & Lawler, E. E. (1971) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0031152 · Cited by 2,442 · see citing works
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Technology Acceptance Model 3 and a Research Agenda on Interventions
Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2008) · Decision Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x · Cited by 8,159 · see citing works
Survey research methodology in management information systems: an assessment
Pinsonneault, A., & Kraemer, K. (1993) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.1080/07421222.1993.11518001 · Cited by 1,288 · see citing works
Rajan, C. A., & Baral, R. (2015) · IIMB Management Review · doi:10.1016/j.iimb.2015.04.008 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
- Authors
- Millman, Z., & Hartwick, J.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- Venue
- MIS Quarterly
- Publisher
- MIS Quarterly
- Published
- 1987-12-01
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 479-491
- ISSN
- 0276-7783 (ISSN-L)
- 2162-9730
- OpenAlex
- W1561581130
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 7.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- MIS Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- Journal of the Association for Information Systems (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Technostress in Professional Settings
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Information Systems Theories and Implementation
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
- Keywords
- office automation, middle managers, job satisfaction, job enrichment, managerial work, technology adoption, personal computer use, organizational behavior
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