Paradoxical changes in muscle gene expression in insulin-resistant subjects after sustained reduction in plasma free fatty acid concentration.

Bajaj, Mandeep; Medina-Navarro, Rafael; Suraamornkul, Swangjit; Meyer, Christian; DeFronzo, Ralph A.; Mandarino, Lawrence J.

doi:10.2337/db06-0840

Cited by 38Adipose Tissue and MetabolismMetabolism, Diabetes, and CancerMuscle Physiology and Disorders

Paradoxical changes in muscle gene expression in insulin-resistant subjects after sustained reduction in plasma free fatty acid concentration.

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Bajaj, Mandeep, Medina-Navarro, Rafael, Suraamornkul, Swangjit, Meyer, Christian, DeFronzo, Ralph A., Mandarino, Lawrence J.·2007·Diabetes

DOI 10.2337/db06-0840

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Abstract

Lipid oversupply plays a role in developing insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, decreasing expression of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes, and increasing extracellular matrix remodeling. To determine if a decrease in plasma lipid content reverses these abnormalities, insulin-resistant subjects with a family history of type 2 diabetes had euglycemic clamps and muscle biopsies before and after acipimox treatment to suppress free fatty acids. Free fatty acids fell from 0.584 +/- 0.041 to 0.252 +/- 0.053 mmol/l (P < 0.001) and glucose disposal increased from 5.28 +/- 0.46 to 6.31 +/- 0.55 mg . kg(-1) . min(-1) (P < 0.05) after acipimox; intramuscular fatty acyl CoA decreased from 10.3 +/- 1.9 to 4.54 +/- 0.82 pmol/mg muscle (P < 0.01). Paradoxically, expression of PGC-1-and nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes decreased after acipimox, and expression of collagens I and III alpha-subunits (82- and 21-fold increase, respectively, P < 0.05), connective tissue growth factor (2.5-fold increase, P < 0.001), and transforming growth factor-beta1 increased (2.95-fold increase, P < 0.05). Therefore, a reduction in lipid supply does not completely reverse the molecular changes associated with lipid oversupply in muscle. Changes in expression of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes do not always correlate with changes in insulin sensitivity.

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Relatively short-term reductions in serum fatty acids and intracellular fatty acyl CoA levels mediated by acipimox treatment in healthy humans are associated with reduced expression of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial oxidative genes in parallel with enhanced insulin sensitivity.
“Similarly, relatively short-term reductions in serum fatty acids and intracellular fatty acyl CoA levels mediated by acipimox treatment in healthy humans are associated with reduced expression of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial oxidative genes-in parallel with enhanced insulin sensitivity (294).”
From The role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (2010) · cites this paper as [294]

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Original Article Paradoxical Changes in Muscle Gene Expression in Insulin-Resistant Subjects After Sustained Reduction in Plasma Free Fatty Acid Concentration
Bajaj, E., Medina-navarro, R., Suraamornkul, S., Meyer, C., Defronzo, R. A., & M, L. J. (2015)
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Lipid Infusion Decreases the Expression of Nuclear Encoded Mitochondrial Genes and Increases the Expression of Extracellular Matrix Genes in Human Skeletal Muscle
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Chronic Reduction of Plasma Free Fatty Acid Improves Mitochondrial Function and Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity in Obese and Type 2 Diabetic Individuals
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Original Article Effect of a Sustained Reduction in Plasma Free Fatty Acid Concentration on Intramuscular Long-Chain Fatty
(2015)

Authors: Bajaj, M., Medina-Navarro, R., Suraamornkul, S., Meyer, C., DeFronzo, R. A., & Mandarino, L. J.
Affiliations: The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
Arizona State University (US)
ORCID: Bajaj, Mandeep
Medina-Navarro, Rafael
Suraamornkul, Swangjit
DeFronzo, Ralph A.
Mandarino, Lawrence J.
Venue: Diabetes
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 2007-03-01
Volume: 56
Issue: 3
Pages: 743-752
ISSN: 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
1939-327X
DOI: 10.2337/db06-0840
OpenAlex: W2169964856
Cited by: 38
References: 66
Citations by year: 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 3.10
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Diabetes (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK066483)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Keywords: insulin resistance, skeletal muscle, free fatty acids, acipimox, mitochondrial gene expression, PGC-1, extracellular matrix remodeling, collagen, connective tissue growth factor, TGF-β1, glucose disposal, type 2 diabetes, fatty acyl-CoA
MeSH terms: Adult, Hypolipidemic Agents, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Middle Aged, Muscle Proteins, Pyrazines, RNA, Messenger, Free Radical Scavengers, Muscle, Skeletal, Gene Expression Profiling

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Paradoxical changes in muscle gene expression in insulin-resistant subjects after sustained reduction in plasma free fatty acid concentration.

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