Cited by 391Spaceflight effects on biologyMuscle Physiology and DisordersCardiovascular and exercise physiology

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 62 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

One Week of Bed Rest Leads to Substantial Muscle Atrophy and Induces Whole-Body Insulin Resistance in the Absence of Skeletal Muscle Lipid Accumulation

Open access

Dirks, Marlou L., Wall, Benjamin T., van de Valk, Bas, Holloway, Tanya M., Holloway, Graham P., Chabowski, Adrian, Goossens, Gijs H., van Loon, Luc J.C.·2016·Diabetes

DOI 10.2337/db15-1661

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Short (<10 days) periods of muscle disuse, often necessary for recovery from illness or injury, lead to various negative health consequences. The current study investigated mechanisms underlying disuse-induced insulin resistance, taking into account muscle atrophy. Ten healthy, young males (age: 23 ± 1 years; BMI: 23.0 ± 0.9 kg · m−2) were subjected to 1 week of strict bed rest. Prior to and after bed rest, lean body mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA; computed tomography) were assessed, and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and leg strength were determined. Whole-body insulin sensitivity was measured using a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Additionally, muscle biopsies were collected to assess muscle lipid (fraction) content and various markers of mitochondrial and vascular content. Bed rest resulted in 1.4 ± 0.2 kg lean tissue loss and a 3.2 ± 0.9% decline in quadriceps CSA (both P < 0.01). VO2peak and one-repetition maximum declined by 6.4 ± 2.3 (P < 0.05) and 6.9 ± 1.4% (P < 0.01), respectively. Bed rest induced a 29 ± 5% decrease in whole-body insulin sensitivity (P < 0.01). This was accompanied by a decline in muscle oxidative capacity, without alterations in skeletal muscle lipid content or saturation level, markers of oxidative stress, or capillary density. In conclusion, 1 week of bed rest substantially reduces skeletal muscle mass and lowers whole-body insulin sensitivity, without affecting mechanisms implicated in high-fat diet–induced insulin resistance.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2337/db15-1661

Cites

62 of 62 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Methods of Enzymatic Analysis
(1975) · Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL · doi:10.1093/jaoac/58.5.1085 · Cited by 20,078
Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients.
Van den Berghe, G., Wouters, P., Weekers, F., Verwaest, C., Bruyninckx, F., Schetz, M., Vlasselaers, D., Ferdinande, P., Lauwers, P., & Bouillon, R. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa011300 · Cited by 9,977
Methods of Enzymatic Analysis
(1974) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-091304-6.x5001-0 · Cited by 6,786
Mitochondrial dysfunction in the elderly: possible role in insulin resistance
Petersen, K. F., Befroy, D., Dufour, S., Dziura, J., Ariyan, C., Rothman, D. L., DiPietro, L., Cline, G. W., & Shulman, G. I. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1082889 · Cited by 2,107
The Effect of Insulin on the Disposal of Intravenous Glucose: Results from Indirect Calorimetry and Hepatic and Femoral Venous Catheterization
DeFronzo, R. A., Jacot, E., Jequier, E., Maeder, E., Wahren, J., & Felber, J. P. (1981) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.30.12.1000 · Cited by 1,770
Computer Control of Microscopes Using µManager
Edelstein, A., Amodaj, N., Hoover, K., Vale, R. D., & Stuurman, N. (2010) · Current Protocols in Molecular Biology · doi:10.1002/0471142727.mb1420s92 · Cited by 1,678
Rapid Disuse Atrophy of Diaphragm Fibers in Mechanically Ventilated Humans
Levine, S., Nguyen, T., Taylor, N. E., Friscia, M. E., Budak, M. T., Rothenberg, P., Zhu, J., Sachdeva, R., Sonnad, S. S., Kaiser, L. R., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa070447 · Cited by 1,580
Intramyocellular lipid concentrations are correlated with insulin sensitivity in humans: a 1 H NMR spectroscopy study
Krssak, M., Falk Petersen, K., Dresner, A., DiPietro, L., Vogel, S. M., Rothman, D. L., Shulman, G. I., & Roden, M. (1999) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s001250051123 · Cited by 1,264
Mitochondrial H2O2 emission and cellular redox state link excess fat intake to insulin resistance in both rodents and humans
Anderson, E. J., Lustig, M. E., Boyle, K. E., Woodlief, T. L., Kane, D. A., Lin, C.-T., Price, J. W., Kang, L., Rabinovitch, P. S., Szeto, H. H., et al. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci37048 · Cited by 1,253
Biomarkers of mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle of healthy young human subjects
Larsen, S., Nielsen, J., Hansen, C. N., Nielsen, L. B., Wibrand, F., Stride, N., Schroder, H. D., Boushel, R., Helge, J. W., Dela, F., et al. (2012) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2012.230185 · Cited by 1,180 · cited 1×
“4A), indicative of a decline in mitochondrial content (57).”
Background

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 64 references

2 of the 64 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 387

Beta-aminoisobutyric acid is released by contracting human skeletal muscle and lowers insulin release from INS-1 832/3 cells by mediating mitochondrial energy metabolism
Barlow, J. P., Karstoft, K., Vigelsø, A., Gram, M., Helge, J. W., Dela, F., Pappan, K. L., O’Neil, D. M., Dunn, W. B., & Solomon, T. P. J. (2020) · Metabolism Open · doi:10.1016/j.metop.2020.100053 · Cited by 33
Single‐leg disuse decreases skeletal muscle strength, size, and power in uninjured adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Preobrazenski, N., Seigel, J., Halliday, S., Janssen, I., & McGlory, C. (2023) · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.13201 · Cited by 31
Dietary protein, exercise, ageing and physical inactivity: interactive influences on skeletal muscle proteostasis
Deane, C. S., Ely, I. A., Wilkinson, D. J., Smith, K., Phillips, B. E., & Atherton, P. J. (2020) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665120007879 · Cited by 38
Oat bran prevents high-fat-diet induced muscular dysfunction, systemic inflammation and oxidative stress through reconstructing gut microbiome and circulating metabolome
Dong, R., Peng, K., Shi, L. S., Niu, Q., Rafique, H., Liu, Y., Yuan, L., Zou, L., Li, L., Messia, M. C., et al. (2023) · Food Research International · doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113127 · Cited by 32
A Multi-Ingredient Nutritional Supplement in Combination With Resistance Exercise and High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Cognitive Function and Increases N-3 Index in Healthy Older Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Bell, K. E., Fang, H., Snijders, T., Allison, D. J., Zulyniak, M. A., Chabowski, A., Parise, G., Phillips, S. M., & Heisz, J. J. (2019) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2019.00107 · Cited by 29
Self-citation
Sarcopenia: A dive into metabolism to promote a multimodal, preventive, and regenerative approach
Boccardi, V. (2024) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2024.111941 · Cited by 31
Disuse-induced insulin resistance susceptibility coincides with a dysregulated skeletal muscle metabolic transcriptome
Mahmassani, Z. S., Reidy, P. T., McKenzie, A. I., Stubben, C., Howard, M. T., & Drummond, M. J. (2019) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01093.2018 · Cited by 29
Immediate Full Weight-Bearing Versus Partial Weight-Bearing After Plate Fixation of Distal Femur Fractures in Elderly Patients. A Randomized Controlled Trial
Paulsson, M., Ekholm, C., Jonsson, E. Ö., Geijer, M., & Rolfson, O. (2021) · Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/21514593211055889 · Cited by 29
From the Ketogenic Diet to the Mediterranean Diet: The Potential Dietary Therapy in Patients with Obesity after CoVID-19 Infection (Post CoVID Syndrome)
Barrea, L., Vetrani, C., Caprio, M., Cataldi, M., Ghoch, M. E., Elce, A., Camajani, E., Verde, L., Savastano, S., Colao, A., et al. (2022) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-022-00475-z · Cited by 33
Intermuscular adipose tissue in Type 2 diabetes mellitus: Non-invasive quantitative imaging and clinical implications
Yu, F., Fan, Y., Sun, H., Li, T., Dong, Y., & Pan, S. (2022) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109881 · Cited by 28
Inducing Physical Inactivity in Mice: Preventing Climbing and Reducing Cage Size Negatively Affect Physical Fitness and Body Composition
Roemers, P., Hulst, Y., van Heijningen, S., van Dijk, G., van Heuvelen, M. J. G., Deyn, P. P. D., & van der Zee, E. A. (2019) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00221 · Cited by 33
Low serum creatinine predicts risk for type 2 diabetes
Bao, X., Gu, Y., Zhang, Q., Liu, L., Meng, G., Wu, H., Xia, Y., Shi, H., Wang, H., Sun, S., et al. (2018) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.3011 · Cited by 28
Ceramide Biomarkers Predictive of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Increase in Healthy Older Adults After Bed Rest
Petrocelli, J. J., McKenzie, A. I., Mahmassani, Z. S., Reidy, P. T., Stoddard, G. J., Poss, A. M., Holland, W. L., Summers, S. A., & Drummond, M. J. (2020) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glaa072 · Cited by 26
Exercise Countermeasures to Neuromuscular Deconditioning in Spaceflight
English, K. L., Bloomberg, J. J., Mulavara, A. P., & Ploutz‐Snyder, L. L. (2019) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c190005 · Cited by 37
Risk factors associated with deep venous thrombosis in patients with different bed-rest durations: A multi-institutional case-control study
Cao, J., Li, S., Ma, Y., Li, Z., Liu, G., Liu, Y., Jiao, J., Zhu, C., Song, B., Jin, J., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103825 · Cited by 25
Atrophy Resistant vs. Atrophy Susceptible Skeletal Muscles: “aRaS” as a Novel Experimental Paradigm to Study the Mechanisms of Human Disuse Atrophy
Bass, J. J., Hardy, E., Inns, T. B., Wilkinson, D. J., Piasecki, M., Morris, R. H., Spicer, A., Sale, C., Smith, K., Atherton, P. J., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.653060 · Cited by 25
Concurrent BMP Signaling Maintenance and TGF-β Signaling Inhibition Is a Hallmark of Natural Resistance to Muscle Atrophy in the Hibernating Bear
Cussonneau, L., Boyer, C., Brun, C., Deval, C., Loizon, E., Meugnier, E., Guéret, É., Dubois, E., Taillandier, D., Polge, C., et al. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10081873 · Cited by 29
Sedentary behavior in mice induces metabolic inflexibility by suppressing skeletal muscle pyruvate metabolism
Siripoksup, P., Cao, G., Cluntun, A. A., Maschek, J. A., Pearce, Q., Brothwell, M. J., Jeong, M.-Y., Eshima, H., Ferrara, P. J., Opurum, P. C., et al. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci167371 · Cited by 29
Effects of spaceflight on the muscles of the murine shoulder
Shen, H., Lim, C., Schwartz, A. G., Andreev-Andrievskiy, A. A., Deymier, A. C., & Thomopoulos, S. (2017) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.201700320r · Cited by 25
Intramyocellular ceramides and skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration are partially regulated by Toll-like receptor 4 during hindlimb unloading
Kwon, O. S., Nelson, D. S., Barrows, K. M., O'Connell, R. M., & Drummond, M. J. (2016) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00253.2016 · Cited by 24
Effects of 8 weeks of bed rest with or without resistance exercise intervention on the volume of the muscle tissue and the adipose tissues of the thigh
Ogawa, M., Belavý, D. L., Yoshiko, A., Armbrecht, G., Miokovic, T., Felsenberg, D., & Akima, H. (2020) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.14560 · Cited by 24
“ Keep Your Move in the Tube ” safely increases discharge home following cardiac surgery
Gach, R., Triano, S., Ogola, G., da Graca, B., Shannon, J., El‐Ansary, D., Bilbrey, T., Cortelli, M., & Adams, J. (2021) · PM&R · doi:10.1002/pmrj.12562 · Cited by 24
Prehabilitative versus rehabilitative exercise in prostate cancer patients undergoing prostatectomy
Singh, F., Newton, R. U., Taaffe, D. R., López, P., Thavaseelan, J., Brown, M. D., Ooi, E., Nosaka, K., Hayne, D., & Galvao, D. A. (2023) · Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s00432-023-05409-3 · Cited by 24
A single day of bed rest, irrespective of energy balance, does not affect skeletal muscle gene expression or insulin sensitivity
Dirks, M. L., Stephens, F. B., Jackman, S. R., Gordo, J. G., Machin, D. J., Pulsford, R. M., van Loon, L. J. C., & Wall, B. T. (2018) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/ep086961 · Cited by 26
Self-citation
Fat‐Free Mass: Friend or Foe to Metabolic Health?
Oliver, C. J., Climstein, M., Rosic, N. N., Bosy‐Westphal, A., Tinsley, G. M., & Myers, S. P. (2025) · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.13714 · Cited by 26
Exercise-mediated angiogenesis
Kissane, R. W. P., & Egginton, S. (2019) · Current Opinion in Physiology · doi:10.1016/j.cophys.2019.06.005 · Cited by 22
Experimental Model of HindLimb Suspension-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Rodents
Marzuca-Nassr, G. N., Vitzel, K. F., Murata, G. M., Márquez, J. L., & Curi, R. (2018) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-8994-2_16 · Cited by 23
Effects of therapeutic interventions on long COVID: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Tan, C. W., Meng, J., Dai, X., He, B., Liu, P., Wu, Y., Xiong, Y., Yin, H., Wang, S., & Gao, S. (2025) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103412 · Cited by 22
Age-Related Anabolic Resistance: Nutritional and Exercise Strategies, and Potential Relevance to Life-Long Exercisers
Pérez-Castillo, Í. M., Rueda, R., Pereira, S. L., Bouzamondo, H., Chicharro, J. L., Segura-Ortiz, F., & Atherton, P. J. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17223503 · Cited by 25
An overview of nutritional strategies for recovery process in sports-related muscle injuries
Quintero, K. J., Resende, A. D. S., Leite, G. S. F., & Lancha, A. H. (2018) · Nutrire · doi:10.1186/s41110-018-0084-z · Cited by 23
Effect of acute and short-term dietary fat ingestion on postprandial skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates in middle-aged, overweight, and obese men
Tsintzas, K., Jones, R., Pabla, P., Mallinson, J. E., Barrett, D. A., Kim, D., Cooper, S., Davies, A., Taylor, T., Chee, C., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00344.2019 · Cited by 23
Effectiveness of Resistive Vibration Exercise and Whey Protein Supplementation Plus Alkaline Salt on the Skeletal Muscle Proteome Following 21 Days of Bed Rest in Healthy Males
Kenny, H., Tascher, G., Ziemianin, A., Rudwill, F., Zahariev, A., Chery, I., Gauquelin‐Koch, G., Barielle, M.-P., Heer, M. A., Blanc, S., et al. (2020) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00256 · Cited by 24
A multimodal exercise countermeasure prevents the negative impact of head‐down tilt bed rest on muscle volume and mitochondrial health in older adults
Dulac, M., Hajj‐Boutros, G., Sonjak, V., Faust, A., Hussain, S. N. A., Chevalier, S., Dionne, I. J., Morais, J. A., & Gouspillou, G. (2024) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp285897 · Cited by 23
Effects of leg immobilization and recovery resistance training on skeletal muscle-molecular markers in previously resistance-trained versus untrained adults
Michel, J. M., Godwin, J. S., Plotkin, D. L., McIntosh, M. C., Mattingly, M. L., Agostinelli, P. J., Mueller, B. J., Anglin, D. A., Kontos, N. J., Berry, A. C., et al. (2025) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00837.2024 · Cited by 20
Intermittent versus continuous enteral nutrition attenuates increases in insulin and leptin during short-term bed rest
Gonzalez, J. T., Dirks, M. L., Holwerda, A. M., Kouw, I. W. K., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2020) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04431-4 · Cited by 21
Self-citation
Rapid changes in transcriptomic profile and mitochondrial function in human soleus muscle after 3-day dry immersion
Викторович, П. Д., Makhnovskii, P. A., Zgoda, V. G., Gazizova, G. R., Vepkhvadze, T. F., Lednev, E. M., Motanova, E. S., Lysenko, E. A., Orlov, O. I., & Tomilovskaya, E. (2023) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00048.2023 · Cited by 21
Impact of prolonged overfeeding on skeletal muscle mitochondria in healthy individuals
Toledo, F. G. S., Johannsen, D. L., Covington, J. D., Bajpeyi, S., Goodpaster, B. H., Conley, K. E., & Ravussin, É. (2017) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-017-4496-8 · Cited by 23
The LunHab project: Muscle and bone alterations in male participants following a 10 day lunar habitat simulation
McDonnell, A. C., Eiken, O., Frings‐Meuthen, P., Rittweger, J., & Mekjavić, I. B. (2019) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/ep087482 · Cited by 22
High-fat Overfeeding Does Not Exacerbate Rapid Changes in Forearm Glucose and Fatty Acid Balance During Immobilization
Dirks, M. L., Wall, B. T., Otten, B., Cruz, A. M., Dunlop, M. V., BARKER, A. R., & Stephens, F. B. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgz049 · Cited by 19
Self-citation
Metabolomics as an Important Tool for Determining the Mechanisms of Human Skeletal Muscle Deconditioning
Alldritt, I., Greenhaff, P. L., & Wilkinson, D. J. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms222413575 · Cited by 21
The impact of muscle mass loss and deteriorating physical function on prognosis in patients receiving hemodialysis
Kitamura, M., Takazono, T., Yamaguchi, K., Notomi, S., Sawase, K., Harada, T., Funakoshi, S., Mukae, H., & Nishino, T. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-01581-z · Cited by 21
Short‐term disuse does not affect postabsorptive or postprandial muscle protein fractional breakdown rates
Pavis, G. F., Abdelrahman, D. R., Murton, A. J., Wall, B. T., Stephens, F. B., & Dirks, M. L. (2023) · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.13284 · Cited by 17
Self-citation
The Structural Adaptations That Mediate Disuse-Induced Atrophy of Skeletal Muscle
Sayed, R. K. A., Hibbert, J. E., Jorgenson, K. W., & Hornberger, T. A. (2023) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12242811 · Cited by 20
Effects of long‐term simulated microgravity on liver metabolism in rhesus macaques
Zong, B., Wang, Y., Wang, J., Zhang, P., Kan, G., Li, M., Feng, J., Wang, Y., Chen, X., Jin, R., et al. (2022) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202200544rr · Cited by 20
Where Does Blood Flow Restriction Fit in the Toolbox of Athletic Development? A Narrative Review of the Proposed Mechanisms and Potential Applications
Davids, C. J., Roberts, L. A., Bjørnsen, T., Peake, J. M., Coombes, J. S., & Raastad, T. (2023) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-023-01900-6 · Cited by 19
Mitochondrial-derived microprotein MOTS-c attenuates immobilization-induced skeletal muscle atrophy by suppressing lipid infiltration
Kumagai, H., Kim, S., Miller, B., Natsume, T., Wan, J., Kumagai, M. E., Ramírez, R., Lee, S. H., Sato, A., Mehta, H. H., et al. (2024) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00285.2023 · Cited by 20
Feasibility of two levels of protein intake in patients with colorectal cancer: findings from the Protein Recommendation to Increase Muscle (PRIMe) randomized controlled pilot trial
Ford, K. L., Sawyer, M. B., Ghosh, S., Trottier, C. F., Disi, I. R., Easaw, J. C., Mulder, K. E., Koski, S. L., Starr, K. N. P., Bales, C. W., et al. (2024) · ESMO Open · doi:10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.103604 · Cited by 21
No effect of five days of bed rest or short‐term resistance exercise prehabilitation on markers of skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and dynamics in older adults
Marshall, R. N., Smeuninx, B., Seabright, A. P., Morgan, P. T., Atherton, P. J., Philp, A., & Breen, L. (2022) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.15345 · Cited by 17
Passive heat stress induces mitochondrial adaptations in skeletal muscle
Marchant, E. D., Nelson, W. B., Hyldahl, R. D., Gifford, J. R., & Hancock, C. R. (2023) · International Journal of Hyperthermia · doi:10.1080/02656736.2023.2205066 · Cited by 19
Daily blood flow restriction does not preserve muscle mass and strength during 2 weeks of bed rest
Fuchs, C. J., Hermans, W. J. H., Nyakayiru, J., Weijzen, M. E. G., Smeets, J. S. J., Aussieker, T., Senden, J. M., Wodzig, W. K. W. H., Snijders, T., Verdijk, L. B., et al. (2024) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp286065 · Cited by 20
A Home-based Exercise Intervention for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Post-Thoracotomy
Hoffman, A. J., & Brintnall, R. A. (2017) · Seminars in Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.soncn.2016.11.011 · Cited by 18
Coordinated regulation of skeletal muscle mass and metabolic plasticity during recovery from disuse
Kneppers, A. E. M., Leermakers, P. A., Pansters, N. A. M., Backx, E. M. P., Gosker, H. R., van Loon, L. J. C., Schols, A. M. W. J., LANGEN, R. C. J., & Verdijk, L. B. (2018) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.201701403rrr · Cited by 19
Human and Rodent Skeletal Muscles Express Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptors
Deminice, R., Hyatt, H. W., Yoshihara, T., Ozdemir, M., Nguyen, B. L., Levine, S., & Powers, S. K. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9071688 · Cited by 18
Cardiovasomobility: an integrative understanding of how disuse impacts cardiovascular and skeletal muscle health
Trinity, J. D., Drummond, M. J., Fermoyle, C. C., McKenzie, A. I., Supiano, M. A., & Richardson, R. S. (2022) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00607.2021 · Cited by 18
High-Molecular-Weight Polyphenol-Rich Fraction of Black Tea Does Not Prevent Atrophy by Unloading, But Promotes Soleus Muscle Mass Recovery from Atrophy in Mice
Aoki, Y., Ozawa, T., Numata, O., & Takemasa, T. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11092131 · Cited by 18
Body muscle gain and markers of cardiovascular disease susceptibility in young adulthood: A cohort study
Bell, J. A., Wade, K. H., O’Keeffe, L. M., Carslake, D., Vincent, E. E., Holmes, M. V., Timpson, N. J., & Smith, G. D. (2021) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003751 · Cited by 17
Absolute Bed Rest Duration of 3 Days for Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures: A Retrospective Study
Cho, S. T., Kim, S. J., Nam, B. J., Kim, K. W., Lee, G. H., & Kim, J. H. (2022) · Asian Spine Journal · doi:10.31616/asj.2021.0396 · Cited by 17
Reliability and Validity of an Ultrasound-Based Protocol for Measurement of Quadriceps Muscle Thickness in Children
Högelin, E. R., Thulin, K., von Walden, F., Fornander, L., Michno, P., & Alkner, B. A. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.830216 · Cited by 17
Vicia faba Peptide Network Supplementation Does Not Differ From Milk Protein in Modulating Changes in Muscle Size During Short-Term Immobilization and Subsequent Remobilization, but Increases Muscle Protein Synthesis Rates During Remobilization in Healthy Young Men
Weijzen, M. E. G., Holwerda, A. M., Jetten, G. H. J., Houben, L. H. P., Kerr, A., Davis, H., Keogh, B., Khaldi, N., Verdijk, L. B., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2023) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.01.014 · Cited by 17
The impact of physical inactivity on glucose homeostasis when diet is adjusted to maintain energy balance in healthy, young males
Trim, W. V., Walhin, J., Koumanov, F., Turner, J. E., Shur, N. F., Simpson, E. J., Macdonald, I. A., Greenhaff, P. L., & Thompson, D. (2023) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2023.02.006 · Cited by 17
Decreased expression of H19/miR-675 ameliorates muscle atrophy by regulating the IGF1R/Akt/FoxO signaling pathway
Zhang, H., Wang, F., Pang, X., Zhou, Y., Li, S., Li, W., Zhang, P., & Chen, X. (2023) · Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1186/s10020-023-00683-w · Cited by 17
Delineating the contribution of ageing and physical activity to changes in mitochondrial characteristics across the lifespan
Lee, M. J.-C., Saner, N. J., Ferri, A., García-Domínguez, E., Broatch, J. R., & Bishop, D. J. (2024) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mam.2024.101272 · Cited by 18
Immobilisation induces sizeable and sustained reductions in forearm glucose uptake in just 24 h but does not change lipid uptake in healthy men
Burns, A., Nixon, A., Mallinson, J. E., Cordon, S. M., Stephens, F. B., & Greenhaff, P. L. (2021) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp281021 · Cited by 16
Mechanical loading of bioengineered skeletal muscle in vitro recapitulates gene expression signatures of resistance exercise in vivo
Turner, D., Gorski, P., Seaborne, R. A., Viggars, M., Murphy, M., Jarvis, J., Martin, N., Stewart, C., & Sharples, A. (2021) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.30328 · Cited by 14
Intermuscular Fat Content in Young Chinese Men With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Based on MR mDIXON-Quant Quantitative Technique
Yu, F., He, B., Chen, L., Wang, F., Zhu, H., Dong, Y., & Pan, S. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.536018 · Cited by 17
Contextualizing the biological relevance of standardized high‐resolution respirometry to assess mitochondrial function in permeabilized human skeletal muscle
Jacobs, R. A., & Lundby, C. (2021) · Acta Physiologica · doi:10.1111/apha.13625 · Cited by 18
Skeletal muscle wasting after a severe burn is a consequence of cachexia and sarcopenia
Song, J., Clark, A. T., Wade, C. E., & Wolf, S. E. (2021) · Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · doi:10.1002/jpen.2238 · Cited by 16
Awakening in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to lung transplantation
Lee, S. H. (2022) · Acute and Critical Care · doi:10.4266/acc.2022.00031 · Cited by 16
Mitigating skeletal muscle wasting in unloading and augmenting subsequent recovery
Michel, J. M., Hettinger, Z. R., Ambrosio, F., Egan, B., Roberts, M. D., Ferrando, A. A., Graham, Z., & Bamman, M. M. (2024) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp284301 · Cited by 15
Neuromuscular junction instability with inactivity: morphological and functional changes after 10 days of bed rest in older adults
Motanova, E. S., Sarto, F., Negro, S., Pirazzini, M., Rossetto, O., Rigoni, M., Stashuk, D. W., Gasparini, M., Šimunič, B., Pišot, R., et al. (2025) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp288448 · Cited by 16
Transcriptomic links to muscle mass loss and declines in cumulative muscle protein synthesis during short‐term disuse in healthy younger humans
Willis, C. R. G., Gallagher, I. J., Wilkinson, D. J., Brook, M. S., Bass, J. J., Phillips, B. E., Smith, K., Etheridge, T., Stokes, T., McGlory, C., et al. (2021) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202100276rr · Cited by 17
Optimization of a pericyte therapy to improve muscle recovery after limb immobilization
Wu, Y., Lapp, S., Dvoretskiy, S., Garcia, G., Kim, M., Tannehill, A., Daniels, L., & Boppart, M. D. (2022) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00700.2021 · Cited by 16
Loss of NOR ‐1 represses muscle metabolism through mTORC1 ‐mediated signaling and mitochondrial gene expression in C2C12 myotubes
Paez, H. G., Ferrandi, P. J., Pitzer, C. R., Mohamed, J. S., & Alway, S. E. (2023) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202202029r · Cited by 15
Nutritional Considerations in Preventing Muscle Atrophy
Creţoiu, S. M., & Zugravu, C. (2018) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1435-3_23 · Cited by 17
The Impact of Disuse and High-Fat Overfeeding on Forearm Muscle Amino Acid Metabolism in Humans
Wall, B. T., Cruz, A. M., Otten, B., Dunlop, M. V., Fulford, J., Porter, C. C., Abdelrahman, D. R., Stephens, F. B., & Dirks, M. L. (2020) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa184 · Cited by 16
Self-citation
Ultrasound Measurement of Septic Shock‐induced Acute Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Intensive Care Unit
Tanaka, K., & Yamada, T. (2020) · PM&R · doi:10.1002/pmrj.12406 · Cited by 15
Optimization and Validation of a Classification Algorithm for Assessment of Physical Activity in Hospitalized Patients
Huisman, H. C. V. D. , Bijnens, W., Senden, R. H. J., Essers, J. M. N. H., Meijer, K., Aarts, J., & Lenssen, A. F. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21051652 · Cited by 15
Dietary nitrate preserves mitochondrial bioenergetics and mitochondrial protein synthesis rates during short‐term immobilization in mice
Petrick, H. L., Handy, R. M., Vachon, B., Frangos, S. M., Holwerda, A. M., Gijsen, A. P., Senden, J. M., van Loon, L. J. C., & Holloway, G. P. (2023) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp284701 · Cited by 15
Self-citation
Insulin resistance after a 3-day fast is associated with an increased capacity of skeletal muscle to oxidize lipids
Blackwood, S. J., Horwath, O., Moberg, M., Pontén, M., Apró, W., Ekblom, M., Larsen, F. J., & Katz, A. (2023) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00317.2022 · Cited by 15
Effect of 60 days of head down tilt bed rest on amplitude and phase of rhythms in physiology and sleep in men
Bonmatí‐Carrión, M., Santhi, N., Atzori, G., Mendis, J. R., Kaduk, S. I., Dijk, D., & Archer, S. N. (2024) · npj Microgravity · doi:10.1038/s41526-024-00387-3 · Cited by 15
Gait analysis and muscle weight analysis after lower extremity fractures in a small animal model
Hofman, M., Kolejewska, A., Greven, J., Andruszkow, H., Kobbe, P., Tolba, R. H., Hildebrand, F., & Poeze, M. (2020) · Gait & Posture · doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.01.022 · Cited by 14
Short-term step reduction reduces citrate synthase activity without altering skeletal muscle markers of oxidative metabolism or insulin-mediated signaling in young males
Edwards, S. J., Shad, B. J., Marshall, R. N., Morgan, P. T., Wallis, G. A., & Breen, L. (2021) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00650.2021 · Cited by 14
Revisiting the contribution of mitochondrial biology to the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle insulin resistance
Frangos, S. M., Bishop, D. J., & Holloway, G. P. (2021) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bcj20210145 · Cited by 14
Self-citation
Physical Fitness Differences, Amenable to Hypoxia-Driven and Sarcopenia Pathophysiology, between Sleep Apnea and COVID-19
Stavrou, V. T., Vavougios, G. D., Boutlas, S., Tourlakopoulos, K. N., Papayianni, E., Astara, K., Stavrou, I. T., Daniil, Z. D., & Gourgoulianis, K. I. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19020669 · Cited by 14
Loss of 4E-BPs prevents the hindlimb immobilization-induced decrease in protein synthesis in skeletal muscle
Kincheloe, G. N., Roberson, P. A., Toro, A. L., Stanley, B. A., Stanley, A. E., Jefferson, L. S., Dennis, M. D., & Kimball, S. R. (2022) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00563.2022 · Cited by 13
A mini review: Proteomics approaches to understand disused vs. exercised human skeletal muscle
Cho, Y., & Ross, R. S. (2018) · Physiological Genomics · doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00043.2018 · Cited by 13
Long-Term Bed Rest Delays the Circadian Phase of Core Body Temperature
Mendt, S., Brauns, K., Friedl-Werner, A., Belavý, D. L., Steinach, M., Schlabs, T., Werner, A. T., Gunga, H., & Stahn, A. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.658707 · Cited by 14
The Impact of Long-term Physical Inactivity on Adipose Tissue Immunometabolism
Trim, W. V., Walhin, J., Koumanov, F., Bouloumié, A., Lindsay, M. A., Travers, R. L., Turner, J. E., & Thompson, D. (2021) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab647 · Cited by 17
The muscle proteome reflects changes in mitochondrial function, cellular stress and proteolysis after 14 days of unilateral lower limb immobilization in active young men
Doering, T. M., Thompson, J. M., Budiono, B. P., MacKenzie‐Shalders, K. L., Zaw, T., Ashton, K. J., & Coffey, V. G. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0273925 · Cited by 13
Factors related to length of hospital stay after two-stage corrective surgery for adult spinal deformity in elderly Japanese
Makino, T., Takenaka, S., Sakai, Y., Yoshikawa, H., & Kaito, T. (2020) · Journal of Orthopaedic Science · doi:10.1016/j.jos.2020.02.016 · Cited by 13
Quantifying Leg Muscle Disuse Atrophy During Bed Rest Using DXA, CT, and MRI
Fuchs, C. J., Hermans, W. J. H., van den Hurk, J., Wiggins, C. J., Widholm, P., Leinhard, O. D., Veeraiah, P., Wildberger, J. E., Prompers, J. J., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2025) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1002/ejsc.12299 · Cited by 14
Combating Excessive Eating: A Role for Four Evidence‐Based Remedies
Rogers, P. J. (2018) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22280 · Cited by 15
Lifestyle modification in the management of insulin resistance states in overweight/obesity: the role of exercise training
Thaane, T., Motala, A. A., & McKune, A. J. (2019) · Journal of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa · doi:10.1080/16089677.2019.1608054 · Cited by 15
Is Exercise Training Appropriate for Patients With Advanced Heart Failure Receiving Continuous Inotropic Infusion? A Review
Amiya, E., & Taya, M. (2018) · Clinical Medicine Insights Cardiology · doi:10.1177/1179546817751438 · Cited by 13
Immobilization leads to alterations in intracellular phosphagen and creatine transporter content in human skeletal muscle
Luo, D., Edwards, S., Smeuninx, B., McKendry, J., Nishimura, Y., Perkins, M., Philp, A., Joanisse, S., & Breen, L. (2020) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00072.2020 · Cited by 11
Five days of bed rest in young and old adults: Retainment of skeletal muscle mass with neuromuscular electrical stimulation
Hansen, S. K., Hansen, P., Nygaard, H. H., Grønbæk, H. D., Berry, T. W., Olsen, C. M., Aagaard, P., Hvid, L. G., Agergaard, J., Dela, F., et al. (2024) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.16166 · Cited by 13
Krogh's principle for musculoskeletal physiology and pathology.
Donahue, S. W. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 11
Sedentary behavior, exercise and COVID-19: immune and metabolic implications in obesity and its comorbidities
Methnani, J., Amor, D., Yousfi, N., Bouslama, A., Omezzine, A., & Bouhlel, E. (2021) · The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness · doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11898-x · Cited by 11
Benefits of Home-Based Exercise Training Following Critical SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report
Longobardi, I., do Prado, D. M. L., Goessler, K. F., Júnior, G. N. D. O., ANDRADE, D. C. O. D., Gualano, B., & Roschel, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2021.791703 · Cited by 11
Evaluating Sarcopenia by Using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia After Chemotherapy
Qin, Z., Lu, K., Jiang, T., Wang, M., Weng, Y., Tang, X., & Zhao, Y. (2022) · International Journal of General Medicine · doi:10.2147/ijgm.s351241 · Cited by 11

Authors: Dirks, M. L., Wall, B. T., van de Valk, B., Holloway, T. M., Holloway, G. P., Chabowski, A., Goossens, G. H., & van Loon, L. J. C.
Affiliations: Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
University of Guelph (CA)
Medical University of Białystok (PL)
Corresponding author: van Loon, Luc J.C.
ORCID: Dirks, Marlou L.
Wall, Benjamin T.
van de Valk, Bas
Holloway, Graham P.
Chabowski, Adrian
Goossens, Gijs H.
van Loon, Luc J.C.
Venue: Diabetes
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 2016-06-29
Volume: 65
Issue: 10
Pages: 2862-2875
ISSN: 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
1939-327X
DOI: 10.2337/db15-1661
OpenAlex: W2473671273
Cited by: 391
References: 64
Citations by year: 2026: 30 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 7
FWCI: 27.35
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl
Licence: other-oa
www.diabetesjournals.org/content/license (vor, 85 d)
Locations: Diabetes (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (acceptedVersion)
Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion)
Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (submittedVersion)
VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Proceedings of The Physiological Society
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Spaceflight effects on biology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Keywords: bed rest, muscle disuse, muscle atrophy, insulin resistance, lean mass loss, quadriceps cross-sectional area, peak oxygen uptake, leg strength, mitochondrial oxidative capacity, capillary density, oxidative stress, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp
MeSH terms: Adult, Bed Rest, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Male, Muscular Atrophy, Glucose Clamp Technique, Absorptiometry, Photon, Muscle, Skeletal, Quadriceps Muscle, Young Adult, Diet, High-Fat

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

One Week of Bed Rest Leads to Substantial Muscle Atrophy and Induces Whole-Body Insulin Resistance in the Absence of Skeletal Muscle Lipid Accumulation

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks