Does the Metabolic Syndrome Exist?
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Abbreviations: ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease.A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Syste `me International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances.
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The term Metabolic Syndrome remains the most widely accepted name to describe the cluster of metabolically related CVD risk factors despite attempts to discard it as a clinical entity.
“The term Metabolic Syndrome remains the most widely accepted name to describe this cluster of metabolically related CVD risk factors 40 despite vigorous attempts to discard the syndrome as a clinical entity 43, 53.”
From The Circadian Syndrome: is the Metabolic Syndrome and much more! (2019) · cites this paper as [40]
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Grundy, S. M., Cleeman, J. I., Daniels, S. R., Donato, K. A., Eckel, R. H., Franklin, B. A., Gordon, D. J., Krauss, R. M., Savage, P. J., Smith, S. C., et al. (2005) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.169404 · Cited by 11,961 · see citing works
Self-citationThe metabolic syndrome—a new worldwide definition
Alberti, K. G. M., Zimmet, P., & Shaw, J. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67402-8 · Cited by 9,352 · see citing works
Yusuf, S., Hawken, S., Ôunpuu, S., Bautista, L., Franzosi, M. G., Commerford, P., Lang, C. C., Rumboldt, Z., Onen, C. L., Lisheng, L., et al. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67663-5 · Cited by 2,903 · see citing works
The Metabolic Syndrome: Time for a Critical Appraisal
Kahn, R., Buse, J. B., Ferrannini, E., & D, M. P. S. M. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.9.2289 · Cited by 2,389 · see citing works
Adipose Tissue, Inflammation, and Cardiovascular Disease
Berg, A. H., & Scherer, P. E. (2005) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.0000163635.62927.34 · Cited by 2,113 · see citing works
Alexander, C. M., Landsman, P. B., Teutsch, S. M., & Haffner, S. M. (2003) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.5.1210 · Cited by 1,475 · cited 1× · see citing works
“This definition of type 2 diabetes does not include the presence of other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, but it is commonly recognized that the majority of patients with type 2 diabetes carry multiple CVD risk factors (8).”
BackgroundHunt, K. J., Resendez, R. G., Williams, K., Haffner, S. M., & Stern, M. P. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000140762.04598.f9 · Cited by 662 · see citing works
Factor Analysis of Metabolic Syndrome Using Directly Measured Insulin Sensitivity
Hanley, A. J. G., Karter, A. J., Festa, A., D’Agostino, R., Wagenknecht, L. E., Savage, P., Tracy, R. P., Saad, M. F., & Haffner, S. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.8.2642 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Adipose Tissue Metabolites and Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Asian Indian Men
Abate, N., Chandalia, M., Snell, P. G., & Grundy, S. M. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031843 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Stern MP: Impaired glucose tolerance: risk factor or diagnostic category. In Dia- betes Mellitus: A Fundamental and Clinical Text. LeRoith D, Taylor S, Olefsky J, Eds. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1996, p. 467-474
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AMPK and the biochemistry of exercise: implications for human health and disease
Richter, E. A., & Ruderman, N. B. (2009) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20082055 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
The Circadian Syndrome: is the Metabolic Syndrome and much more!
Zimmet, P., Alberti, K. G. M. M., Stern, N., Bilu, C., El‐Osta, A., Einat, H., & Kronfeld‐Schor, N. (2019) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.12924 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Cook, S., Auinger, P., Li, C., & Ford, E. S. (2008) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.06.004 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
The Metabolic Syndrome (Emperor) Wears No Clothes
Kahn, R. (2006) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc06-0671 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome—or the pitfalls of epidemiology
Yudkin, J. S. (2007) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-007-0711-3 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
- Authors
- Grundy, S. M.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Grundy, Scott M.
- ORCID
- Grundy, Scott M.
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2006-07-01
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1689-1692
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2070326897
- Cited by
- 171
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 19.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- metabolic syndrome, diagnostic criteria, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular disease
- MeSH terms
- Blood Pressure, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Risk, Metabolic Syndrome, Atherosclerosis
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