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Cited by 72Diabetes Treatment and ManagementDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsDiabetes Management and Research

Metformin Use in Prediabetes Among U.S. Adults, 2005–2012

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Tseng, Eva, Yeh, Hsin-Chieh, Maruthur, Nisa M.·2017·Diabetes Care
DOI 10.2337/dc16-1509PMC PMC5481991
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of and characteristics associated with metformin use among U.S. adults with prediabetes using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005–2012. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The American Diabetes Association’s guidelines for metformin use in prediabetes have evolved, with 2017 recommendations suggesting metformin be considered in patients with prediabetes and additional risk factors (BMI ≥35 kg/m2, age <60 years, or prior gestational diabetes mellitus) or rising hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). We estimated the age-adjusted prevalence of metformin use among individuals with prediabetes (defined by HbA1c 5.7–6.4%, fasting glucose 100–125 mg/dL, 2-h poststimulated glucose 140–199 mg/dL, or self-report) and used multivariate logistic regression to evaluate characteristics associated with metformin use. RESULTS: Of 22,174 adults, 7,652 had prediabetes. The age-adjusted prevalence of metformin use among those with prediabetes was 0.7%. Metformin use was associated with higher mean BMI (35.1 kg/m2 vs. 29.6 kg/m2, P < 0.01) and higher glucose (fasting glucose 114 mg/dL vs. 105 mg/dL, P = 0.03; 2-h poststimulated glucose 155 mg/dL vs. 128 mg/dL, P = 0.003; and HbA1c 6.0% [42 mmol/mmol] vs. 5.6% [38 mmol/mmol], P < 0.01). Metformin use was low even among those with BMI ≥35 kg/m2, a group for whom metformin use is recommended. Metformin use did not vary by race, poverty-to-income ratio, or education. CONCLUSIONS: Metformin use was <1% among U.S. adults with prediabetes and only slightly more common among those with additional risk factors for diabetes.

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  • Diabetes incidence can be reduced through effective preventive interventions, such as participation in intensive lifestyle change programs or pharmacotherapy such as metformin.

    “Studies have shown diabetes incidence can be reduced through effective preventive interventions, such as participation in intensive lifestyle change programs (LCP) like the National Diabetes Prevention Program (National DPP) lifestyle change program, or with pharmacotherapy such as metformin. 7 -12”

    From Metformin Prescription Rates for Patients with Prediabetes (2022) · cites this paper as [8]

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Authors
Tseng, E., Yeh, H.-C., & Maruthur, N. M.
Affiliations
Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author
Tseng, Eva
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes Care
Publisher
American Diabetes Association
Published
2017-04-03
Volume
40
Issue
7
Pages
887-893
ISSN
  • 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
  • 1935-5548
DOI
10.2337/dc16-1509
PMC
PMC5481991
OpenAlex
W2604296751
Cited by
72
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7
FWCI
6.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
correction (2018-05-01)
Open access
Licence
www.diabetesjournals.org/content/license (vor, 79 d)
Locations
  • Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (T32 90047355)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords
metformin, prediabetes, obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, diabetes prevention, NHANES, racial disparities, socioeconomic status
MeSH terms
Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Male, Metformin, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Prediabetic State, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, United States, Prevalence, Treatment Outcome

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