The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Glycogen-Dependent Effects of 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide (AICA)-Riboside on AMP-Activated Protein Kinase and Glycogen Synthase Activities in RatSkeletal Muscle
Open accessAbstract
5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) functions as a metabolic switch in mammalian cells and can be artificially activated by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AICA)-riboside. AMPK activation during muscle contraction is dependent on muscle glycogen concentrations, but whether glycogen also modifies the activation of AMPK and its possible downstream effectors (glycogen synthase and glucose transport) by AICA-riboside in resting muscle is not known. Thus, we have altered muscle glycogen levels in rats by a combination of swimming exercise and diet and investigated the effects of AICA-riboside in the perfused rat hindlimb muscle. Two groups of rats, one with super-compensated muscle glycogen content (∼200–300% of normal; high glycogen [HG]) and one with moderately lowered muscle glycogen content (∼80% of normal; low glycogen [LG]), were generated. In both groups, the degree of activation of the α2 isoform of AMPK by AICA-riboside depended on muscle type (white gastrocnemius ≫ red gastrocnemius > soleus). Basal and AICA-riboside-induced α2-AMPK activity were markedly lowered in the HG group (∼50%) compared with the LG group. Muscle 2-deoxyglucose uptake was also increased and glycogen synthase activity decreased by AICA-riboside. Especially in white gastrocnemius, these effects, as well as the absolute activity levels of AMPK-α2, were markedly reduced in the HG group compared with the LG group. The inactivation of glycogen synthase by AICA-riboside was accompanied by decreased gel mobility and was eliminated by protein phosphatase treatment. We conclude that acute AICA-riboside treatment leads to phosphorylation and deactivation of glycogen synthase in skeletal muscle. Although the data do not exclude a role of other kinases/phosphatases, they suggest that glycogen synthase may be a target for AMPK in vivo. Both basal and AICA-riboside-induced AMPK-α2 and glycogen synthase activities, as well as glucose transport, are depressed when the glycogen stores are plentiful. Because the glycogen level did not affect adenine nucleotide concentrations, our data suggest that glycogen may directly affect the activation state of AMPK in skeletal muscle.
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“This inhibits enzyme activity in isolated muscles treated with AICAR [133-135].”
From AMPK and Exercise: Glucose Uptake and Insulin Sensitivity (2013) · cites this paper as [134]
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THE AMP-ACTIVATED/SNF1 PROTEIN KINASE SUBFAMILY: Metabolic Sensors of the Eukaryotic Cell?
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HINDLIMB MUSCLE FIBER POPULATIONS OF FIVE MAMMALS
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Self-citationAMP-activated protein kinase, a metabolic master switch: possible roles in Type 2 diabetes
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The AMP-activated protein kinase pathway – new players upstream and downstream
Hardie, D. G. (2004) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.01540 · Cited by 1,163
Self-citationThe AMP-activated protein kinase cascade – a unifying system for energy control
Carling, D. (2003) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2003.11.005 · Cited by 1,133
Metadata
- Authors
- Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., Jørgensen, S. B., Hellsten, Y., Hardie, D. G., & Richter, E. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- University of Dundee (GB)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2002-02-01
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 284-292
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- OpenAlex
- W2156518233
- Cited by
- 261
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 8.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Sundhed og Sygdom, Det Frie Forskningsråd
- Wellcome Trust
- National Research Foundation
- Danmarks Grundforskningsfond (504–14)
- Novo Nordisk
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Glycogen Storage Diseases and Myoclonus
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Keywords
- AICA riboside, AMPK, glycogen synthase, skeletal muscle glycogen, glucose transport, 2-deoxyglucose uptake, muscle fiber type, protein phosphatase, muscle glycogen content, swimming training, metabolic switch
- MeSH terms
- Adenosine Monophosphate, Aminoimidazole Carboxamide, Animals, Animal Feed, Deoxyglucose, Glycogen, Glycogen Synthase, Isoenzymes, Male, Motor Activity, Multienzyme Complexes, Protein Kinases, Ribonucleosides, Ribonucleotides, Swimming, Rats, Wistar, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Muscle, Skeletal, Rats, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
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