The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Inflammatory Markers and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes in Women
Abstract
We conducted a prospective, nested, case-control study of inflammatory markers as predictors of type 2 diabetes among 32,826 women who provided blood samples in 1989 through 1990 in the Nurses’ Health Study. Among women free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer at baseline, 737 had developed diabetes by 2000. Control women (n = 785) were selected matched on age, fasting status, race, and BMI for cases in the top BMI decile. Baseline levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α receptor 2, interleukin (IL)-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher among case than control subjects (all P ≤ 0.001). After adjusting for BMI and other lifestyle factors, all three biomarkers significantly predicted diabetes risk; the odds ratios (ORs) comparing extreme quintiles were 1.64 (95% CI 1.10–2.45) for TNF-αR2, 1.91 (1.27–2.86) for IL-6, and 4.36 (2.80–6.80) for CRP (P for trend <0.001 for all biomarkers). In a multivariate model simultaneously including the three biomarkers, only CRP levels were significantly associated with risk of diabetes (OR comparing extreme quintiles of CRP = 3.99, P for trend <0.001). These data support the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Elevated CRP levels are a strong independent predictor of type 2 diabetes and may mediate associations of TNF-αR2 and IL-6 with type 2 diabetes.
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“Recently, this syndrome has been noted to be associated with a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation.47,48”
From Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement (2005) · cites this paper as [47]
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Cites
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“Lifestyle interventions such as exercise and weight loss are effective in lowering CRP and other inflammatory markers (43,44) and in preventing type 2 diabetes in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (45,46).”
BackgroundReport of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus
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Grundy, S. M., Cleeman, J. I., Daniels, S. R., Donato, K. A., Eckel, R. H., Franklin, B. A., Gordon, D. J., Krauss, R. M., Savage, P. J., Smith, S. C., et al. (2005) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.169404 · Cited by 11,961
Muscle as an Endocrine Organ: Focus on Muscle-Derived Interleukin-6
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The Role of Vitamin D and Calcium in Type 2 Diabetes. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Pittas, A. G., Lau, J., Hu, F. B., & Dawson-Hughes, B. F. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2007-0298 · Cited by 2,048
Self-citationCellular senescence and the senescent secretory phenotype: therapeutic opportunities
Tchkonia, T., Zhu, Y., van Deursen, J., Campisi, J., & Kirkland, J. L. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci64098 · Cited by 1,774
Risk factors for periodontal disease
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hu, F. B., Meigs, J. B., Li, T. Y., Rifai, N., & Manson, J. E.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2004-03-01
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 693-700
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- OpenAlex
- W2153214557
- Cited by
- 788
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 48 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 55 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 57
- FWCI
- 25.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (CA-87969, P01CA087969)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK058845, DK58845)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, inflammation, diabetes risk prediction, women, Nurses' Health Study, body mass index
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Body Constitution, C-Reactive Protein, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Insulin, Menopause, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Smoking, United States, Cohort Studies, Biomarkers, Antigens, CD, Interleukin-6, Body Mass Index, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II
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