The DOI matches its Crossref record; 82 of the 82 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Plasma Glucose and Insulin Response to Macronutrients in Nondiabetic and NIDDM Subjects
Abstract
Information on the metabolic response in people with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) to ingested individual macronutrients is limited. Available information is reviewed herein. The major absorbed products of carbohydrate-containing foods are glucose, fructose, and galactose. The quantitative effect of these on the plasma glucose and insulin response is different for each. In addition, available data indicate that the glucose and particularly the insulin response is different from that in nondiabetic people. The quantitative effect of dietary proteins and fats on the circulating glucose and insulin concentrations in nondiabetic and NIDDM subjects also has been reviewed. Neither has a significant effect on the glucose concentration. Protein stimulates insulin secretion, and this is relatively more prominent in people with NIDDM. A strong synergistic interaction with glucose on insulin secretion is present, but this is absent in nondiabetic people. Ingested fat does not independently stimulate insulin secretion. However, when ingested with carbohydrate, it may have a considerable effect on the plasma glucose and/or insulin response to that carbohydrate, and the responses are different in nondiabetic and NIDDM subjects. This is probably not due to altered carbohydrate absorption. Intestinal hormones undoubtedly are playing a large role in the insulin secretory response in all of these studies, but this remains to be completely elucidated. Overall, the data indicate that the metabolic response to various foods determined in people with NIDDM may be different than that in nondiabetic people. In our opinion, much more information is required before dietary recommendations for NIDDM subjects can be made based on solid scientific data.
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“In addition, dietary protein affects insulin secretion (53) and satiety (54).”
From A Lower-Carbohydrate, Higher-Fat Diet Reduces Abdominal and Intermuscular Fat and Increases Insulin Sensitivity in Adults at Risk of Type 2 Diabetes (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
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Cites
Glycemic index of foods: a physiological basis for carbohydrate exchange
Jenkins, D. J., Wolever, T. M., Taylor, R. H., Barker, H., Fielden, H., Baldwin, J. M., Bowling, A. C., Newman, H. C., Jenkins, A. L., & Goff, D. V. (1981) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/34.3.362 · Cited by 3,857
Glucagon-like peptide-1 7–36: a physiological incretin in man
Kreymann, B., Ghatei, M. A., Williams, G., & Bloom, S. R. (1987) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(87)91194-9 · Cited by 1,928
Plasma Insulin Responses to Oral and Intravenous Glucose: Studies in Normal and Diabetic Subjects*
Perley, M. J., & Kipnis, D. M. (1967) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci105685 · Cited by 917
NAUCK, M. A., HOMBERGER, E., SIEGEL, E. G., ALLEN, R. C., EATON, R. P., EBERT, R., & CREUTZFELDT, W. (1986) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-63-2-492 · Cited by 874
Liddle, R. A., Goldfine, I. D., Rosen, M. S., Taplitz, R. A., & Williams, J. A. (1985) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci111809 · Cited by 744
Stimulation of insulin secretion by amino acids.
Floyd, J. C., Fajans, S. S., Conn, J. W., Knopf, R. F., & Rull, J. (1966) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci105456 · Cited by 727
Dynamics of Insulin Secretion by the Perfused Rat Pancreas
CURRY, D. L., BENNETT, L. L., & GRODSKY, G. M. (1968) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-83-3-572 · Cited by 601
Insulin and Atheroma: 20-Yr Perspective
Stout, R. W. (1990) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.13.6.631 · Cited by 569
Himsworth, H. P. (1936) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(01)36134-2 · Cited by 441
Effect of Protein Ingestion on the Glucose and Insulin Response to a Standardized Oral Glucose Load
Nuttall, F. Q., Mooradian, A. D., Gannon, M. C., Billington, C. J., & Krezowski, P. A. (1984) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.7.5.465 · Cited by 439
Cited by
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Dietary Carbohydrate (Amount and Type) in the Prevention and Management of Diabetes
Sheard, N. F., Clark, N. G., Brand-Miller, J. C., Franz, M. J., Pi-Sunyer, F. X., Mayer-Davis, E., Kulkarni, K., & Geil, P. (2004) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.27.9.2266 · Cited by 475
Nilsson, M. G., Stenberg, M., Frid, A. H., Holst, J. J., & Björck, I. (2004) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.5.1246 · Cited by 482
An increase in dietary protein improves the blood glucose response in persons with type 2 diabetes
Gannon, M. C., Nuttall, F. Q., Saeed, A., Jordan, K., & Hoover, H. (2003) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/78.4.734 · Cited by 404
Frid, A. H., Nilsson, M., Holst, J. J., & Björck, I. (2005) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn.82.1.69 · Cited by 389
Nilsson, M., Holst, J. J., & Björck, I. M. (2007) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.4.996 · Cited by 374
Metadata
- Authors
- Nuttall, F. Q., & Gannon, M. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- ORCID
- Gannon, Mary C
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 1991-09-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 824-838
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W1977145711
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, plasma glucose response, insulin secretion, macronutrients, carbohydrate digestion, fructose, galactose, dietary protein, dietary fat, intestinal hormones
- MeSH terms
- Insulin Secretion, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diet, Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary Fats, Dietary Proteins, Humans, Insulin, Models, Biological, Reference Values
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