Influence of caffeine on the frequency and perception of hypoglycemia in free-living patients with type 1 diabetes.
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of caffeine on the frequency and perception of hypoglycemia in "free-living" patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 34 patients with type 1 diabetes were recruited for a prospective randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study. After a lead-in phase and while adhering to a low-caffeine diet, subjects were randomized to capsules containing either 200 mg caffeine or matched placebo with crossover at 3 months. Hypoglycemic episodes were monitored throughout with capillary blood glucose readings and a symptom questionnaire. During the study, measurements of blood pressure, middle cerebral artery blood velocity (a surrogate measure of cerebral blood flow), cognitive function (via a four-choice reaction time test), HbAlc levels, and lipid profiles were taken at the beginning and end of each phase. RESULTS: Throughout the study, no changes were evident regarding glycemic control or lipid profile. The number of symptomatic episodes was greater with caffeine (1.3 vs. 0.9 episodes/week; P < 0.03) and was associated with more intense warning symptoms (29 vs. 26 total symptom score; P < 0.05). For women, caffeine ingestion caused a modest pressor response (115 vs. 110 mmHg; P < 0.01). Four-choice reaction time improved slightly with caffeine supplementation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ingestion of modest amounts of caffeine enhances the intensity of hypoglycemia warning symptoms in patients with type 1 diabetes without altering the prevailing standard of glycemic control or increasing the incidence of severe hypoglycemic episodes.
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Caffeine consumption is associated with increased awareness of hypoglycaemic events in free-living type 1 diabetic patients.
“caffeine consumption was associated with increased awareness of hypoglycaemic events in free-living type 1 diabetic patients [48].”
From Central and peripheral effects of sustained caffeine use: tolerance is incomplete (2002) · cites this paper as [48]
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- Authors
- Watson, J. M., Jenkins, E. J., Hamilton, P., Lunt, M. J., & Kerr, D.
- Affiliations
- Royal Bournemouth Hospital (GB)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2000-04-01
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 455-459
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2030930522
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Keywords
- caffeine, type 1 diabetes, hypoglycemia, hypoglycemic symptoms, symptomatic hypoglycemia, glycemic control, cognitive function, reaction time, blood pressure, cerebral blood flow, middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity, lipid profile, HbA1c
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Caffeine, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Cognition, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Double-Blind Method, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Hypoglycemia, Male, Perception, Placebos, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sex Characteristics, Cross-Over Studies
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