Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in Filipina-American women
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and features of the metabolic syndrome among Filipina and Caucasian women in San Diego County, California. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data on several chronic diseases were collected between 1992 and 1999 from community-dwelling Filipina (n=294) and Caucasian (n=379) women aged 50-69 years. RESULTS: Filipina and Caucasian women did not differ in mean age (59.7 vs. 60 years, respectively), BMI (25.6 vs. 25.4 kg/m(2)), percentage of body fat (33.5 vs. 34.2%), or waist-to-hip ratio (0.84 vs. 0.83), although Filipinas had larger waist circumferences and higher percentages of truncal fat. Compared with Caucasians, Filipinas were less likely to be obese (BMI > or = 30 kg/m(2), 8.8 vs. 14%, P=0.04) and less likely to smoke, consume alcohol, or take postmenopausal estrogen; Filipinas also had lower levels of HDL cholesterol. Compared with Caucasians, Filipinas had higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes by oral glucose tolerance test criteria (36 vs. 9%) and the metabolic syndrome (34 vs. 13%). These differences persisted after adjusting for age, body size, fat distribution, percentage of body fat, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, and estrogen therapy. CONCLUSIONS: A total of 10% of Filipinas with diabetes were obese, compared with one third of Caucasians with diabetes. The finding of a high prevalence of diabetes in an unstudied nonobese ethnic group reinforces the importance of expanding the study of diabetes to diverse populations. The high prevalence of diabetes in populations who are not of Northern European ancestry may be missed when they are not obese by Western standards.
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Filipina women may have higher waist circumference and truncal fat and 3- to 4-fold higher rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and MetS compared with Caucasian women, controlling for other factors.
“Similarly, Filipina women may have higher waist circumference and truncal fat and 3-to 4-fold higher rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and MetS compared with Caucasian women, controlling for other factors (17).”
From The CardioMetabolic Health Alliance (2015) · cites this paper as [17]
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- Authors
- Araneta, M. R. G., Wingard, D. L., & Barrett-Connor, E.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2002-03-01
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 494-499
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2043329700
- Cited by
- 149
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK031801, DK-31801)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, ethnic differences, obesity, ethnic minority health, waist circumference, HDL cholesterol, postmenopausal estrogen therapy, smoking, alcohol consumption, San Diego County
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Body Composition, Body Weight, California, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Obesity, Philippines, Risk Factors, Smoking, United States, Body Mass Index, Metabolic Syndrome, White People
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