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Cited by 86Veterinary Medicine and SurgeryBlood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesCardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention

Variance of indirect blood pressure measurements and prevalence of hypertension in clinically normal dogs.

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Remillard, Rebecca L., Ross, James N., Eddy, Jean B.·1991·American Journal of Veterinary Research
DOI 10.2460/ajvr.1991.52.04.561
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Abstract

SUMMARY: In a series of 3 studies, indirect blood pressure measurements were obtained to define normal variance, identify hypertension, and estimate the prevalence of hypertension in apparently healthy dogs. In part 1, we measured values in 5 clinically normal dogs twice weekly for 5 weeks in a home setting. Mean ± SD systolic arterial pressure (sap) and diastolic arterial pressure (dap) was 150 ± 16 and 86 ± 13 mm of Hg, respectively. The dap significantly (P < 0.01) decreased with repeated measurements over the 5-week period. In part 2, we assessed the variation between blood pressures measured in a clinic vs those measured in the home. Within a 2-week period, measurements were obtained from 10 clinically normal dogs in a private veterinary clinic and again in their home. Significant differences were not observed between clinic and home measurements of sap and dap; however, heart rate was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the clinic. In part 3, SD about the sap and dap mean values were determined in 102 clinically normal dogs. Canine hypertensive status was determined, using statistical methods and data from 102 clinically normal dogs. Values of sap > 202 mm of Hg and dap > 116 mm of Hg were determined to be 2 SD beyond the mean and, therefore, were interpreted to be hypertensive. Approximately 10% of the 102 apparently healthy dogs measured in this study were considered hypertensive on the basis of these criteria. In addition, a border zone of suspected hypertension was estimated, using the mean + 1.282 SD. The sap border zone was between 183 and 202 mm of Hg, whereas the dap border zone was between 102 and 113 mm of Hg. Of the 102 dogs, 12 had values within these zones of suspected hypertension.

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Crossref · 10.2460/ajvr.1991.52.04.561

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  • White coat hypertension was already documented in dogs.

    “The white coat hypertension was already documented in dogs (REMILLARD et al., 1991; VINCENT et al., 1993; KALLET et al., 1997; BODEY & MICHELL, 1997; MOESGAARD et al., 2007);”

    From Systolic blood pressure of dogs at hospital and domestic environment (2012) · cites this paper as REMILLARD et al., 1991

    The Discussion explicitly says that the expected rise in blood pressure during a clinic visit due to excitement or fear “was not found in our dogs.” The Results likewise report no significant difference between clinic and home systolic or diastolic blood pressure, although heart rate was higher in the clinic. Our copy provides no page number for these passages. (LLM, conf=0.92)

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  • Similar white-coat effects have previously been documented in dogs and cats.

    “In humans, the white-coat effect is a well-documented phenomenon, and similar effects have previously been documented in dogs and cats.3,6,7”

    From Evaluation of the effects of hospital visit stress on physiologic variables in dogs (2015) · cites this paper as [7]

    The Discussion says the study did not find the expected clinic-related increase in blood pressure in dogs. The Results report higher heart rates in the clinic, but no significant clinic–home difference in systolic or diastolic blood pressure. This paper does not study cats. (LLM, conf=0.90)

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  • In humans, the white-coat effect is a well-documented phenomenon.

    “In humans, the white-coat effect is a well-documented phenomenon, and similar effects have previously been documented in dogs and cats.3,6,7”

    From Evaluation of the effects of hospital visit stress on physiologic variables in dogs (2015) · cites this paper as [7]

    The Discussion reports that human systolic and diastolic blood pressure fell by 10 mm Hg during serial measurements, alongside reduced catecholamine excretion. That is consistent with a measurement-setting effect, but the paper does not establish the more specific claim that the human white-coat effect is well documented. Its own clinic-versus-home comparison in dogs found no significant blood-pressure difference. (LLM, conf=0.80)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Another study found no significant increase in blood pressure in dogs in the hospital, compared with at home, when measured by use of the Doppler technique and the right cranial tibial artery.

    “Another study 7 found no significant increase in blood pressure in dogs in the hospital, compared with at home, when measured by use of the Doppler technique and the right cranial tibial artery.”

    From Evaluation of the effects of hospital visit stress on physiologic variables in dogs (2015) · cites this paper as [7]

  • The mean SBP values found at the two environments can be considered similar to those in other studies performed in healthy dogs using noninvasive methods.

    “In the present study, the mean values of SBP found at the two environments can be considered similar when compared to other studies performed in healthy dogs, using noninvasive methods (REMILLARD et al., 1991; BODEY & MICHELL, 1996; STEPIEN et al., 2003; CABRAL et al., 2010).”

    From Systolic blood pressure of dogs at hospital and domestic environment (2012) · cites this paper as REMILLARD et al., 1991

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Cites

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Weiser MG, Spangler WL, Gribble DH. Blood pressure measure- ments in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1977;171:364-368.
  2. Cowgill LD, Kallet AJ. Recognition and management of hyper- tension in the dog. In: Kirk RW, ed. Current veterinary therapy VIII. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co, 1983; 1025-1028.
  3. Coulter DB, Keith JC. Blood pressure obtained by indirect mea- surement in conscious dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1984;184:1375-1378.

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Authors
Remillard, R. L., Ross, J. N., & Eddy, J. B.
Affiliations
Tufts University (US)
Venue
American Journal of Veterinary Research
Publisher
American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)
Published
1991-04-01
Volume
52
Issue
4
Pages
561-565
ISSN
0002-9645 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2460/ajvr.1991.52.04.561
OpenAlex
W128564165
Cited by
86
References
16
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
FWCI
3.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Veterinary Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
Keywords
dogs, blood pressure measurement, systolic blood pressure, home blood pressure monitoring, heart rate, hypertension prevalence, reference values, borderline hypertension
MeSH terms
Animals, Blood Pressure, Blood Pressure Determination, Dog Diseases, Dogs, Female, Heart Rate, Hypertension, Male, Prevalence

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