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Cited by 63Veterinary Medicine and SurgeryBlood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesVeterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia

Comparison of blood pressure measurements obtained in dogs by use of indirect oscillometry in a veterinary clinic versus at home.

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Kallet, Andrew J., Cowgill, Larry D., Kass, Philip H.·1997·Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
DOI 10.2460/javma.1997.210.05.651
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Abstract

Objective: To compare blood pressure and heart rate measurements performed in a veterinary clinic to similar measurements performed in a dog's home. Design: Prospective study. Animals: 14 client-owned, clinically normal dogs. Procedure: Sequential blood pressure and heart rate measurements were recorded from the metatarsus and metacarpus of conscious dogs by indirect oscillometry. Measurements were performed in the dogs' homes and were repeated in a veterinary clinic. Blood pressures and heart rate were derived from 7 serial estimates over 8 to 10 minutes. Statistical differences between the home and clinic and between recording sites were calculated. Results: Systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure and heart rate measurements obtained from the metatarsus and metacarpus in the dogs' homes were significantly lower than measurements from the metatarsus in the clinic, but were similar to measurements from the metacarpus in the clinic. Significant differences were not found between blood pressure measurements from the metatarsus and metacarpus in the dogs' homes, but systolic and mean blood pressure and heart rate measurements from the metacarpus in the clinic were significantly lower than measurements from the metatarsus. Whereas all dogs had normal blood pressure in their homes, 5 of 14 dogs had transient hypertension (systolic pressure > 165 mm of Hg or diastolic pressure > 95 mm of Hg) in the clinic. Clinical Implications: Blood pressure and heart rate measurements obtained in the clinic initially overestimate comparable measurements in a dog's home. The differences are best explained by transient autonomic responses to the stress of the clinic. Blood pressure must be measured by use of standardized techniques on dogs acclimated to the clinic environment.

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Crossref · 10.2460/javma.1997.210.05.651

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  • The magnitude of increase in SBP varies considerably among individuals and among visits in the same individual.

    “This fact was also observed in cats and humans, and the magnitude of increase in SBP varies considerably among individuals and among visits in the same individual (GOOSE et al., 1993; KALLET et al., 1997; BELEW et al., 1999).”

    From Systolic blood pressure of dogs at hospital and domestic environment (2012) · cites this paper as KALLET et al., 1997

    The Results and Discussion (page numbers not supplied) show higher initial clinic blood pressures in dogs and report transient hypertension in 5 of 14 dogs, consistent with differences among individuals. The study measured dogs at home and during one clinic visit; it does not establish how the magnitude of an SBP increase varies across visits in the same individual. It did not study cats. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • In dogs, Kallet et al found a significant increase in pulse rates measured at the clinic versus at home and a higher, albeit not significantly increased, blood pressure at the clinic versus at home.

    “In dogs, Kallet et al 6 found that there was a significant increase in pulse rates measured at the clinic versus at home and a higher, albeit not significantly increased, blood pressure at the clinic versus at home.”

    From Evaluation of the effects of hospital visit stress on physiologic variables in dogs (2015) · cites this paper as [6]

    The Results report significantly higher heart rate in the clinic, supporting the pulse-rate portion of the claim. They also report significantly higher systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure at the clinic when measured from the metatarsus; clinic measurements from the metacarpus were similar to home measurements. Thus the claim that Kallet et al. found a higher but nonsignificant blood-pressure difference omits the measurement-site distinction and misstates their significant finding. (LLM, conf=0.90)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Similar white-coat effects have previously been documented in dogs and cats.

    “In humans, the white-coat effect is a well-documented phenomenon, and similar effects have previously been documented in dogs and cats.3,6,7”

    From Evaluation of the effects of hospital visit stress on physiologic variables in dogs (2015) · cites this paper as [6]

    The Abstract reports higher clinic than home blood-pressure measurements in some dogs, and the Discussion describes the initial clinic elevations as compatible with stress or anxiety. This supports a white-coat-like effect in dogs, but the paper provides no evidence for the claim about cats. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The increase of BP in the hospital environment, known as white coat hypertension, is well described in humans and has already been studied in dogs and cats.

    “The increase of BP in the hospital environment, known as white coat hypertension, is well described in humans and has already been studied in dogs (REMILLARD et al., 1991; VINCENT et al., 1993; KALLET et al., 1997; BODEY & MICHELL, 1997; MOESGAARD et al., 2007) and cats (BELEW et al., 1999).”

    From Systolic blood pressure of dogs at hospital and domestic environment (2012) · cites this paper as KALLET et al., 1997

  • White coat hypertension was already documented in dogs.

    “The white coat hypertension was already documented in dogs (REMILLARD et al., 1991; VINCENT et al., 1993; KALLET et al., 1997; BODEY & MICHELL, 1997; MOESGAARD et al., 2007);”

    From Systolic blood pressure of dogs at hospital and domestic environment (2012) · cites this paper as KALLET et al., 1997

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Cites

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1 of the 19 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 7

  1. Bodey AR. SystemiC hypertension in the dog-fact or fic- tion?, in Proceedings. 18th Annu WalthamlOSU Symp 1994;44-53.
  2. Michell AR. Hypertension in companion animals. Vet Annu 1993;33:11-33.
  3. Mancia G, Bertinieri G, Grassi G, et al. Effect of blood pressure measurement by the doctor on patient's blood pressure and heart rate. Lancet 1983;2:695-697.
  4. Pickering TG. Clinical applications of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: the white coat syndrome. Clin Invest Med 1991;14:212-217.
  5. Verdecchia P, Schillaci G, Boldrini F, et al. Variability between current definitions of 'normal' ambulatory blood pres- sure. Hypertension 1992;20:555-562.
  6. Bodey AR, Young LE, Bartram DH, et al. A comparison of direct and indirect (oscillometric) measurements of arterial blood pressure in anaesthetized dogs, using tail and limb cuffs. Res Vet Sci 1994;57:265-269.
  7. Bodey AR, Michell AR. Epidemiological study of blood pressure in domestic dogs. J Small Anim Pract 1996;37:116- 125.

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Authors
Kallet, A. J., Cowgill, L. D., & Kass, P. H.
Affiliations
University of California, Davis (US)
ORCID
Cowgill, Larry D.
Venue
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
Publisher
American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)
Published
1997-03-01
Volume
210
Issue
5
Pages
651-654
ISSN
0003-1488 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.2460/javma.1997.210.05.651
OpenAlex
W2277410465
Cited by
63
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 6
FWCI
2.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia
Keywords
blood pressure measurement, dogs, home blood pressure monitoring, veterinary practice, heart rate, metatarsus, metacarpal bones, transient hypertension, autonomic stress response, measurement site comparison
MeSH terms
Acclimatization, Animals, Blood Pressure, Blood Pressure Determination, Carpus, Animal, Dogs, Female, Heart Rate, Home Care Services, Male, Office Visits, Oscillometry, Prospective Studies, Stress, Physiological, Tarsus, Animal

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