The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Risk factors for development of neurologic disease after experimental exposure to equine herpesvirus-1 in horses.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with development of clinical neurologic signs in horses exposed to equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1). ANIMALS: 36 adult horses. PROCEDURES: Blood samples collected before and after challenge inoculation with nonneuropathogenic or neuropathogenic EHV-1 were analyzed for leukocyte-associated viremia, serum neutralizing antibody, and EHV-1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursors (CTLPs). Associations between variables and neurologic disease and correlations between age category or breed and development of neurologic disease were examined. RESULTS: 9 horses developed CNS signs (ataxia, hind limb paresis or paralysis, bladder atony, or recumbency). Neurologic deficits were correlated with infection by a neuropathogenic strain of EHV-1, age>20 years, high postexposure viremic load, and low preexposure concentration of CTLPs. No significant correlations were observed between preinfection titers or horse breed and postinfection development of neurologic signs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Horses with high concentrations of preexisting CTLPs, regardless of age, strain of virus, or titer, were more likely to control the magnitude of postinfection leukocyte-associated viremia and subsequent development of neurologic disease; therefore, CTLPs appear to be a critical requirement for protective immunity against EHV-1-induced myeloencephalopathy. The importance of achieving immunity related to high concentrations of vaccine-induced CTLPs in horses at high risk for exposure to neuropathogenic strains of EHV-1 is indicated.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Several risks factors, including the age (elder), breed (Standardbred), gender (female), season (late autumn, winter, spring), and type of EHV-1 strain (neurovirulent) have been associated with an increased risk to develop EHM (Goehring et al., 2006; Henninger et al., 2007; Allen, 2008; Perkins et al., 2009; Pusterla et al., 2016).”
From The Pathogenesis and Immune Evasive Mechanisms of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (2021) · cites this paper as Allen, 2008
Citations
Cites
Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real-Time Quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT Method
Livak, K. J., & Schmittgen, T. D. (2001) · Methods · doi:10.1006/meth.2001.1262 · Cited by 180,860
Nugent, J., Birch-Machin, I., Smith, K. C., Mumford, J. A., Swann, Z., Newton, J. R., Bowden, R. J., Allen, G. P., & Davis-Poynter, N. (2006) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.80.8.4047-4060.2006 · Cited by 295
Outbreak of neurologic disease caused by equine Herpesvirus-1 at a University Equestrian Center.
Henninger, R. W., Reed, S. M., Saville, W. J., Allen, G. P., Hass, G. F., Kohn, C. W., & Sofaly, C. (2007) · Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.tb02942.x · Cited by 200
Strijbosch, L. W. G., Buurman, W. A., Does, R. J. M. M., Zinken, P. H., & Groenewegen, G. (1987) · Journal of Immunological Methods · doi:10.1016/0022-1759(87)90115-3 · Cited by 185
Large Animal Neurology: A Handbook for Veterinary Clinicians
de Lahunta, A. (1990) · Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.1990.tb00902.x · Cited by 166
Cell-Mediated Immunity to Varicella-Zoster Virus
Arvin, A. M. (1992) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/166.supplement_1.s35 · Cited by 160
Reed, S. M., & Toribio, R. E. (2004) · Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cveq.2004.09.001 · Cited by 123
Allen, G. P., & Breathnach, C. C. (2006) · Equine Veterinary Journal · doi:10.2746/042516406776866453 · Cited by 115
Equine herpesvirus 1 myeloencephalopathy.
Wilson, W. D. (1997) · Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice · doi:10.1016/s0749-0739(17)30255-9 · Cited by 113
WHITWELL, K. E., & Blunden, A. S. (1992) · Equine Veterinary Journal · doi:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1992.tb02771.x · Cited by 103
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Equine herpesvirus-1 consensus statement.
Lunn, D. P., Davis-Poynter, N., Flaminio, M. J. B. F., Horohov, D. W., Osterrieder, K., Pusterla, N., & Townsend, H. G. G. (2009) · Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0304.x · Cited by 308
“While viral factors are certain to be important, such as the DNApol SNP described below, host and environmental factors also have a critical role.(8,12) More is known about the pathogenesis of abortion than about EHM.”
BackgroundInfluentialMa, G., Azab, W., & Osterrieder, N. (2013) · Veterinary Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.06.018 · Cited by 137
“In contrast to VN antibody, the frequency of MHC-Itricted cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursors (CTLp) has n discussed as a correlate of clinical protection after -1 infection (Allen, 2008; Kydd et al., 2003).”
Perkins, G. A., Goodman, L. B., Tsujimura, K., de Walle, G. R. V., Kim, S. G., Dubovi, E. J., & Osterrieder, N. (2009) · Veterinary Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.06.033 · Cited by 113
“…variables, EHV-1 specific cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte precursors in circulating blood are important for protection against high levels of viremia and the presumed consequence of high levels of viremias, the development of neurologic disease in an experimental EHV-1 model of infection (Allen, 2008).”
BackgroundInfluentialControl of EHV-1 viremia and nasal shedding by commercial vaccines
Goehring, L. S., Wagner, B., Bigbie, R., Hussey, S. B., Rao, S., Morley, P. S., & Lunn, D. P. (2010) · Vaccine · doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.05.065 · Cited by 108
Case–Control Study of a Multistate Equine Herpesvirus Myeloencephalopathy Outbreak
Traub‐Dargatz, J. L., Pelzel‐McCluskey, A. M., Creekmore, L. H., Geiser‐Novotny, S., Kasari, T. R., Wiedenheft, A. M., Bush, E. J., & Bjork, K. E. (2013) · Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/jvim.12051 · Cited by 83
Metadata
- Authors
- Allen, G. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Corresponding author
- Allen, George P.
- ORCID
- Allen, George P.
- Venue
- American Journal of Veterinary Research
- Published
- 2008-12
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1595-1600
- ISSN
- 0002-9645 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2077063970
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 4.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Veterinary Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Equine › Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Keywords
- equine herpesvirus 1, horses, risk factors, cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors, myeloencephalopathy, age, vaccine-induced immunity, neutralizing antibodies, challenge inoculation
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Herpesvirus 1, Equid, Female, Horse Diseases, Horses, Nervous System Diseases, Risk Factors, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic, Viremia
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
