Outbreak of neurologic disease caused by equine Herpesvirus-1 at a University Equestrian Center.
Open accessAbstract
Abstract Background: Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) infection causes neurologic disease in horses. However, risk factors for the disease and long-term prognosis are poorly characterized. Hypothesis: There are identifiable risk factors for equine herpes-1 myeloencephalopathy. Animals: The entire population of 135 horses housed within the equestrian facility. Methods: A descriptive study investigated the clinical, serologic, virologic, and management aspects of an outbreak of EHV-1 myeloencephalopathy. Results: Out of 135 horses at the facility, 117 displayed signs of EHV-1 infection. Forty-six horses developed neurologic deficits characterized by symmetrical hind limb ataxia and weakness. Twelve horses that developed neurologic deficits became recumbent and did not survive. The development of severe neurologic deficits during the outbreak was associated with the presence of residual deficits at the 6-month examination. Within 1 year of the outbreak onset, all horses that survived had returned to an exercise level comparable to that experienced before the outbreak. Factors associated with the development of neurologic disease included age of > 5 years, location in the south or arena stall areas, and highest rectal temperature on day 3 or later of the febrile period. Conclusions and clinical importance: Being > 5 years of age, having had a rectal temperature of > 103.5°F, and highest rectal temperature occurring on or after the 3rd day of the febrile period were the factors most predictive of the development of neurologic disease and death. Data obtained during this outbreak substantiate previous findings relating to clinical aspects and diagnosis of EHV-1 myeloencephalopathy. The prophylactic and therapeutic use of acyclovir during this outbreak is described.
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Several risk factors, including older age, Standardbred breed, female gender, late autumn/winter/spring season, and neurovirulent EHV-1 strain, have been associated with an increased risk to develop equine herpes myeloencephalopathy.
“Several risks factors, including the age (elder), breed (Standardbred), gender (female), season (late autumn, winter, spring), and type of EHV-1 strain (neurovirulent) have been associated with an increased risk to develop EHM (Goehring et al., 2006; Henninger et al., 2007; Allen, 2008; Perkins et al., 2009; Pusterla et al., 2016).”
From The Pathogenesis and Immune Evasive Mechanisms of Equine Herpesvirus Type 1 (2021) · cites this paper as Henninger et al., 2007
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- Authors
- Henninger, R. W., Reed, S. M., Saville, W. J., Allen, G. P., Hass, G. F., Kohn, C. W., & Sofaly, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Findlay (US)
- The Ohio State University (US)
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Corresponding author
- Henninger, Rick W
- Venue
- Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2007-01-01
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 157-165
- ISSN
- 0891-6640 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1676
- OpenAlex
- W2077870617
- Cited by
- 200
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 7.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Equine › Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Keywords
- equine herpesvirus 1, outbreak, risk factors, rectal temperature, age, prognosis, acyclovir prophylaxis, equestrian center
- MeSH terms
- Acyclovir, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antiviral Agents, Central Nervous System Diseases, Clonixin, Dexamethasone, Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Disease Outbreaks, Herpesvirus 1, Equid, Female, Herpesviridae Infections, Horse Diseases, Horses, Male, Phenylbutazone, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
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