The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
One-year follow-up of penis and testis sizes of healthy Turkish male newborns
Open accessAbstract
Penile length, penile diameter and testicular volume at birth reflect the activity and normality of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testicular axis. In this prospective longitudinal study, we aimed to measure penis and testicular size in healthy newborns at birth and 6 and 12 months of age. Seven hundred forty-six term healthy male newborns were enrolled in the study. According to measurements taken within 48 hours after birth, mean penile length (MPL) was 2.81 +/- 0.32 cm, mean penile diameter (MPD) 1.04 +/- 0.09 cm, right testicular volume (TV) 1.73 +/- 0.45 ml, and left TV 1.64 +/- 0.48 ml. At 6 months of age, MPL was 3.67 +/- 0.35 cm, MPD 1.23 +/- 0.08 cm, right TV 2.07 +/- 0.31 ml, and left TV 2.00 +/- 0.27 ml. At 12 months of age, MPL was 4.47 +/- 0.43 cm, MPD 1.25 +/- 0.09 cm, right TV 2.01 +/- 0.12 ml, and left TV 2.01 +/- 0.13 ml. There was a weak albeit statistically significant correlation between weight, length and PL at birth. In conclusion, the MPL of newborns was shorter than that reported in the published data from other populations. This situation may be related to ethnicity in addition to the lower birth weight and length of our subjects when compared to the newborns in other populations. We observed a significant increase, more marked during the first six months, in MPL, MPD and TV, which can be explained by the hormonal mechanism during minipuberty.
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There is a paucity of Indian data for penile and testicular parameters particularly in pubertal years.
“Although some data are available in neonates and school age children up to 10 years of age, there is paucity of Indian data for penile and testicular parameters particularly in pubertal years.[23]”
From Stretched Penile Length and Testicular Size from Birth to 18 Years in Boys from Western Maharashtra (2019) · cites this paper as [23]
The discussion of penile length and growth parameters says that very few studies have examined penile length after the neonatal period, and the References list a study of South Indian newborns. The paper does not establish a paucity of Indian data specifically for pubertal penile and testicular parameters, or describe Indian data extending to age 10. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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Citations
Cites
Fetal phallic growth and penile standards for newborn male infants
Feldman, K. W., & Smith, D. W. (1975) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(75)80969-3 · Cited by 308 · cited 1×
“There are some studies in the literature reporting PD from different populations (2,5,10,14).”
BackgroundNormal Growth and Variation in the Male Genitalia from Birth to Maturity
Schonfeld, W., & Beebe, G. (1942) · The Journal of Urology · doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)70767-7 · Cited by 286
Penis and testicular size in patients with growth hormone insufficency.
Laron, Z., & Sarel, R. (1970) · Acta Endocrinologica · doi:10.1530/acta.0.0630625 · Cited by 96
Should the Definition of Micropenis Vary According to Ethnicity?
Cheng, P.-S., & Chanoine, J. (2002) · Hormone Research in Paediatrics · doi:10.1159/000050013 · Cited by 95 · cited 1×
“There are some studies in the literature reporting PD from different populations (2,5,10,14).”
BackgroundPenile size in the newborn infant
Flatau, E., Josefsberg, Z., Reisner, S., Bialik, O., & Laron, Z. (1975) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(75)80877-8 · Cited by 84
Çamurdan, A. D., Öz, M. Ö., İlhan, M. N., Çamurdan, O. M., Şahin, F., & Beyazova, U. (2007) · Urology · doi:10.1016/j.urology.2007.04.051 · Cited by 65
Penile Length of Newborns in Singapore
Lian, W., Lee, W., & Ho, L. (2000) · Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism (JPEM) · doi:10.1515/jpem.2000.13.1.55 · Cited by 56
The Testes: Disorders of Sexual Differentiation and Puberty in the Male
Hughes, I. A. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-141604090-3.50021-1 · Cited by 50
Growth and Maturation in the Male Genitalia From Birth to Adolescence II. Change of Penile Length
Fujieda, K., & Matsuura, N. (1987) · Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition · doi:10.1111/j.1442-200x.1987.tb00036.x · Cited by 46
Genital standards for south Indian male newborns
Vasudevan, G., Manivarmane, Bhat, B., Bhatia, B., & Kumar, S. (1995) · Indian Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/bf02761887 · Cited by 45 · cited 1×
“There are some studies in the literature reporting PD from different populations (2,5,10,14).”
BackgroundNormative Data of Penile Length for Term Chinese Newborns
Fok, T. F., Hon, K. L., So, H. K., Wong, E., Ng, P. C., Chang, A., Lau, J., Chow, C. B., & Lee, W. H. (2005) · Neonatology · doi:10.1159/000083420 · Cited by 43
Flagged first, then by citations
7 of the 18 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Lee PA, Mazur T, Danish R, et al. Micropenis I. Criteria, etiologies and classification. Johns Hopkins Med J 1980; 146: 156-163.
- Prader A. Testicular size: assessment and clinical importance. Triangle 1966; 7: 240-243.
- Sutan-Assin M, Rukman J, Dahlan A. Penile dimensions of newborn infants. Paediatr Indones 1989; 29: 146- 150.
- Phillip M, De Boer C, Pilpel D, Karplus M, Sofer S. Clitoral and penile sizes of full term newborns in two different ethnic groups. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 1996; 9: 175-179.
- Ting TH, Wu LL. Penile length of term newborn infants in multiracial Malaysia. Singapore Med J 2009; 50: 817-821.
- Chin T, Liu C, Wei C. Testicular volume in Taiwanese boys. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 1998; 61: 29-33.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Stretched Penile Length and Testicular Size from Birth to 18 Years in Boys from Western Maharashtra
Khadilkar, A., Jaiswal, V., Khadilkar, V., & Lohiya, N. (2019) · Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.4103/ijem.ijem_242_18 · Cited by 22
“The higher testicular volume in current study is possibly due to minipuberty and maternal hormones; these have been documented to influence the testicular volume.[23,24]”
BackgroundAsafo-Agyei, S. B., Ameyaw, E., Chanoine, J.-P., & Nguah, S. B. (2017) · International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology · doi:10.1186/s13633-017-0042-1 · Cited by 14
“[30] also reported an even lower MPL of 2.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialPenile Length and Testicular Volume in Newborns
Mondal, R., Ray, S., Chatterjee, K., Sabui, T., Hazra, A., Das, S., Chaudhuri, J., Sil, A., & Samanta, M. (2016) · Indian Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s12098-016-2163-6 · Cited by 13
Penile length and cord total and free testosterone in full term male Egyptian neonates
Mohamed, M. H., Abdou, R., Hamza, M., & Hussein, M. (2015) · doi:10.1016/j.epag.2015.03.002 · Cited by 12
“The cause of variations in penile length within and between different populations is probably multiple and environmental, climatic, nutritional, endocrine and genetic variations could all contribute.(21,22) The existing data suggest that there may indeed be some race-based differences in phallus size.”
BackgroundEndocrine-Sensitive Physical Endpoints in Newborns: Ranges and Predictors
Shah, R., Alshaikh, B., Schall, J., Kelly, A., Ford, E., Zemel, B., Umbach, D., Adgent, M. A., & Stallings, V. (2020) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-020-0950-2 · Cited by 10
“73 cm(3)).(35) This discrepancy may be due to our finding that non-White newborns in our cohort tended to have smaller testes, or due to technique, genetic, and other population-based factors.”
ResultStretched penile length and total serum testosterone in term male neonates
John Kareem, A., Elutayo Elusiyan, J. B., & Kareem, A. O. (2020) · Pan African Medical Journal · doi:10.11604/pamj.2020.37.61.21123 · Cited by 9
“The variations in SPL within and between different populations may not be due to the method used in the measurement of the SPL only but could be multifactorial-including environmental, climatic, race and genetics [2,21].”
Chikani, U., Ibekwe, M., Chinawa, J., & Adimora, G. (2016) · Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.4103/1119-3077.173704 · Cited by 9
Ogundoyin, O., & Atalabi, O. (2018) · African Journal of Paediatric Surgery · doi:10.4103/ajps.ajps_32_17 · Cited by 4
Paediatric penile length: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Negri, F., Belladelli, F., Zhang, C. A., Stinson, J., Langroudi, A., Basran, S. S., Chen, A. L., Pozzi, E., Cheng, Y.-S., Giudice, F. D. D., et al. (2026) · BJU International · doi:10.1111/bju.70356
Assessment of testicular volume in neonates in the tropical province of China
Hu, S.-H., Zhao, Z.-H., Wan, Z.-S., Bu, W., Chen, S.-Q., Yang, S., Chen, X.-W., & Lu, Y.-Q. (2023) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-023-04274-w
“Semiz measured the testicular volume of Turkish neonates within 48 h after birth by Prader orchi-dometer, the volume of the left testis was 1.64 ± 0.68 cm 3 and that of the right was 1.73 ± 0.45 cm 3 [16].”
MethodInfluentialReference Values for Stretched Penile Length in Healthy Preterm Egyptian Newborns
M., H., A, E., A.-R., A., Taha, R., & Me, Z. (2022) · The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine · doi:10.21608/ejhm.2022.277386
Metadata
- Authors
- Semiz, S., Küçüktaşçı, K., Zencir, M., & Sevinç, Ö.
- Affiliations
- Pamukkale University (TR)
- Departments of Pediatrics, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey
- Venue
- The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
- Published
- 2011-12-25
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 661-665
- ISSN
- 0041-4301 (ISSN-L)
- 2791-6421
- OpenAlex
- W190254397
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- PubMed
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Urological Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- penile length, testicular volume, neonates, male infants, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, minipuberty, ethnic differences, birth weight, linear growth
- MeSH terms
- Anthropometry, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Penis, Reference Books, Testis, Turkey
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