The DOI matches its Crossref record; 83 of the 83 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Opportunities, challenges, and strategies for using ChatGPT in higher education: A literature review
Open accessAbstract
While there is a growing body of research on chat generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT) in education, there appears to be little research that provides a comprehensive review of challenges, opportunities, and strategies for the effective utilization of ChatGPT in higher education. This study aims to fill this research gap by focusing on the opportunities, challenges, and strategies for using ChatGPT in higher education. The study adopted a literature review approach and employed document analysis as a research design. It reviewed various types of documents, particularly research articles, published since 2022 when ChatGPT was launched. Based on the extensive review, the study shows that ChatGPT offers a variety of opportunities for higher education, including assessment innovation, instructional support, remote learning support, research design and development support, academic writing support, and administrative assistance and productivity. However, ChatGPT also presents a number of challenges and issues related to academic integrity, security and privacy, reliance on artificial intelligence, learning assessment, and information accuracy. The study offers a set of recommendations for the effective utilization of ChatGPT in higher education. It concludes that the application of ChatGPT in higher education presents both benefits and challenges; thus, efforts and strategies are needed to ensure the effective use of ChatGPT for academic purposes.
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Citations
Cites
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Sorted by citations
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“Lastly, the CLS could be employed to assess the effectiveness of peda - gogical interventions aimed at enhancing advanced digital skills in university students (Sok & Heng, 2024).”
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“Opportunities, challenges, and strategies for using ChatGPT in higher education: a literature review Sok and Heng [64] ChatGPT presents both benefits and challenges; strategies are needed to ensure effective academic use.”
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Türkçe Öğretiminde Üretken Yapay Zekâ: Öğretim Elemanlarının Algı, Fırsat ve Risk Değerlendirmeleri
Türker, M. S., GÜLEÇ, E., Yavaşlar, E., & Altıntaş, N. (2026) · Dil Eğitimi ve Araştırmaları Dergisi · doi:10.31464/jlere.1893084
Exploring the Role of ChatGPT in Students' Learning: Insights from Higher Education
Punzalan, C. H. (2025) · International Conference on E-Society, E-Education and E-Technology (ICSET) · doi:10.1145/3802409.3802420
“Although initial studies suggest that ChatGPT may help students enhance productivity and reduce academic stress [13], the tool’s actual perceived impact on learning outcomes and academic performance is still a matter of debate [14].”
Fang, L., Li, Z., Xiong, B., & Lu, Z. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1832451
“With respect to autonomy, GenAI may help structure individualized learning pathways that could allow students to select content and regulate pacing according to their progress and interests (Sok and Heng, 2024).”
A survey study of Cambodian university lecturers’ experiences and perceptions of AI use
Heng, K., Sok, S., Sol, K., & Sor, R. (2026) · Discover Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1007/s44163-026-02313-w
“Over-reliance on AI technologies may also diminish critical thinking and creativity [72, 96], while AI-based assessments risk introducing bias [10, 19].”
Evangelista, E. D. L., & Bukhari, S. (2026) · Contemporary Educational Technology · doi:10.30935/cedtech/19499
Meykola1, K. G., Taheri, R., Ellingsen, A., Dadgostari, F., Clark, J., & Nazemi, N. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11013514/v1
Metadata
- Authors
- Sok, S., & Heng, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Puthisastra (KH)
- Paññāsāstra University of Cambodia (KH)
- Corresponding author
- Sok, Sarin
- Venue
- Journal of Digital Educational Technology
- Publisher
- Modestum Ltd
- Published
- 2024-01-01
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- ep2401
- ISSN
- 2752-5503 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4389733229
- Cited by
- 120
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 25
- FWCI
- 28.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Digital Educational Technology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Artificial Intelligence Applications
- Keywords
- ChatGPT, large language models, higher education, artificial intelligence in education, academic integrity, assessment innovation, academic writing support, AI reliance, information accuracy, privacy and security, pedagogical support, research support
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