Mini drug pump for ophthalmic use
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of developing a novel mini drug pump for ophthalmic use. METHODS: Using principles of microelectromechanical systems engineering, a mini drug pump was fabricated. The pumping mechanism is based on electrolysis and the pump includes a drug refill port as well as a check valve to control drug delivery. Drug pumps were tested first on the bench-top and then after implantation in rabbits. For the latter, we implanted 4 elliptical (9.9 x 7.7 x 1.8 mm) non-electrically active pumps into 4 rabbits. The procedure is similar to implantation of a glaucoma aqueous drainage device. To determine the ability to refill and also the patency of the cannula, at intervals of 4-6 weeks after implantation, we accessed the drug reservoir with a transconjunctival needle and delivered approximately as low as 1 microL of trypan blue solution (0.06%) into the anterior chamber. Animals were followed by slit lamp examination, photography, and fluorescein angiography. RESULTS: Bench-top testing showed 2.0 microL/min delivery when using 0.4 mW of power for electrolysis. One-way valves showed reliable opening pressures of 470 mmHg. All implanted devices refilled at 4-6 weeks intervals for 4-6 months. No infection was seen. No devices extruded. No filtering bleb formed over the implant. CONCLUSIONS: A prototype ocular mini drug pump was built, implanted, and refilled. Such a platform needs more testing to determine the long term biocompatibility of an electrically-controlled implanted pump. Testing with various pharmacological agents is needed to determine its ultimate potential for ophthalmic use.
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- Authors
- Saati, S., Lo, R., Li, P.-Y., Meng, E., Varma, R., & Humayun, M. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Humayun, Mark S.
- Venue
- Current Eye Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-03
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 192-201
- ISSN
- 0271-3683 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2202
- PMC
- PMC2888264
- OpenAlex
- W2169170652
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 3.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Eye Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Southern California
- National Institutes of Health
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- National Eye Institute (P30EY003040, #EY03040, R21EY018490)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Intravenous Infusion Technology and Safety
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Keywords
- ocular drug delivery, microelectromechanical systems, implantable pump, check valves, trypan blue, biocompatibility, rabbit implantation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biocompatible Materials, Fluorescein Angiography, Materials Testing, Mydriatics, Phenylephrine, Pupil, Rabbits, Trypan Blue, Infusion Pumps, Implantable, Drug Delivery Systems
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