Culture and context: buffering the relationship between stressful life events and risky behaviors in American Indian youth
Abstract
The Sacred Mountain Youth Project was conducted to investigate risk and protective factors related to alcohol and drug use among American Indian youth. Findings indicated that stressful life events were positively associated with depressed mood, substance use, and risky behavior; cultural identity had no direct effects, but a secondary model showed that social support and protective family and peer influences were related to cultural identity. These findings suggest that the relationships between stressors and their negative sequelae are complex. Emphasis on protective processes that are culturally specific to American Indian youth may lead to effective alcohol and drug use prevention programs.
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Strong relationships with parents and prosocial peers, school bonding, and a strong cultural identity are all protective factors for Native youth.
“Conversely, strong relationships with parents and prosocial peers, school bonding (Dickens et al., 2012) and a strong cultural identity (Baldwin et al., 2011) are all protective factors for Native youth.”
From Assessment of culture and environment in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study: Rationale, description of measures, and early data (2018) · cites this paper as Baldwin et al., 2011
Continually feeling stressed over challenging life events can exacerbate the impact of those stressors on the body and mind, outweigh coping resources and potentially make the use of substances a more appealing option.
“Continually feeling stressed over challenging life events can exacerbate the impact of those stressors on the body and mind, outweigh coping resources and potentially make the use of substances a more appealing option [31,35,54,55].”
From Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations (2022) · cites this paper as [54]
Some researchers explain that people experiencing depression self-medicate through substance use to cope and obtain relief from emotional pain.
“Some researchers explain that people experiencing depression self-medicate through substance use to cope and obtain relief from emotional pain [54].”
From Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations (2022) · cites this paper as [54]
Social support and supportive family and peer relationships with people who help strengthen cultural identity are protective for SUD.
“Social support and supportive family and peer relationships with people who help strengthen cultural identity are protective for SUD [54].”
From Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations (2022) · cites this paper as [54]
Family bonds, healthy parenting role models, consistent socialization, the provision of extended family's love and affection, and cultural teachings were virtually eliminated with AIANs' removal from their lands and social networks.
“Family bonds, healthy parenting role models, consistent socialization, the provision of extended family’s love and affection, and cultural teachings were virtually eliminated with AIANs’ removal from their lands and social networks [17,54,100,101].”
From Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations (2022) · cites this paper as [54]
Continuous parental involvement and positive interactions help AIAN youth make healthier decisions around substance use.
“Additionally, continuous parental involvement and positive interactions help AIAN youth make healthier decisions around substance use [54].”
From Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations (2022) · cites this paper as [54]
Cultural identification and embracing cultural characteristics, norms, and traditional values can increase community cohesiveness, foster wellness, and reduce distress among AIAN.
“In turn, cultural identification and embracing cultural characteristics, norms, and traditional values can increase community cohesiveness, foster wellness, and reduce distress among AIAN [35,54].”
From Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations (2022) · cites this paper as [54]
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- Authors
- Baldwin, J. A., Brown, B. G., Wayment, H. A., Nez, R. A., & Brelsford, K. M.
- Affiliations
- University of South Florida (US)
- Northern Arizona University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Baldwin, Julie A.
- Venue
- Substance Use & Misuse
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-07-29
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1380-1394
- ISSN
- 1082-6084 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-2491
- OpenAlex
- W2137579635
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 5.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Substance Use & Misuse (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh059001-03)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH59001)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Keywords
- Native American youth, life events, risk-taking, alcohol consumption, drug use, cultural identity, social support, protective factors, depressive mood, family and peer influence, substance use prevention
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Culture, Depression, Family, Female, Humans, Indians, North American, Life Change Events, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Risk-Taking, Social Support, Stress, Psychological, Substance-Related Disorders
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