Carotid atherosclerosis in depression and anxiety: Associations for age of depression onset
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Mental health and cardiovascular disease have been associated, whereas the temporal course and underlying mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Our aims were to examine the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with depressive or anxiety disorder, also taking into account disorder characteristics (subtype, severity, duration, age of onset, medication). METHODS: The sample included 470 depression or anxiety cases and 179 controls, aged 20-66 years, participating in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA). Diagnoses were assigned using the DSM-IV based Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaque information were obtained using B-mode ultrasound imaging. RESULTS: Overall, depressive and anxiety disorders were not associated with carotid atherosclerosis. However, age of depression onset was associated with CIMT (total: 0.01 mm per 10 years, P = 0.01; bifurcation: 0.02 mm per 10 years, P = 0.003) and plaque presence (OR = 1.35 per 10 years, 95%CI = 1.02-1.80, P = 0.04). When compared with controls, late-onset (≥ 40 years) depressed had an increased CIMT in the atherosclerosis progression-prone bifurcation segment (0.75 vs. 0.81 mm, P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest a distinct pathophysiology of late-onset as compared with early-onset depression, including a vascular component.
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Late-onset depression has been associated with family history of vascular disease and atherosclerosis.
“In addition, late-onset depression has been associated with family history of vascular disease7 and atherosclerosis.11, 12”
From Association of depressive disorders, depression characteristics and antidepressant medication with inflammation (2012) · cites this paper as [11]
Subclinical vascular dysregulations, such as atherosclerosis, have been found to relate to late-onset depression.
“subclinical vascular dysregulations, such as atherosclerosis, have been found to relate to late-onset depression.11, 12”
From Association of depressive disorders, depression characteristics and antidepressant medication with inflammation (2012) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Seldenrijk, A., van Hout, H. P. J., van Marwijk, H. W. J., de Groot, E., Gort, J., Rustemeijer, C., Diamant, M., & Penninx, B. W. J. H.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Ziekenhuis Amstelland (NL)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Seldenrijk, Adrie
- Venue
- The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2011-07-11
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 549-558
- ISSN
- 1562-2975 (ISSN-L)
- 1814-1412
- OpenAlex
- W2164581534
- Cited by
- 35
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- GGZ inGeest
- Rivierduinen
- GGZ Friesland
- GGZ Drenthe
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Keywords
- carotid atherosclerosis, depression, anxiety disorders, carotid intima-media thickness, carotid plaque, late-onset depression, vascular pathophysiology, NESDA
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Carotid Artery Diseases, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Comorbidity, Age of Onset, Young Adult, Plaque, Atherosclerotic, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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