Diet Analysis of Gaur (Bos gaurus gaurus Smith, 1827) by Micro-Histological Analysis of Fecal Samples in Parsa Wildlife Reserve, Nepal
Open accessAbstract
The uses of food plants by gaur Bos gaurus gaurus were studied by micro-histological analysis of fecal samples in Parsa Wildlife Reserve, Nepal with an aim to explore the diet composition, preferable food plants and monthly variation in plants consumption. The results have shown that the diet of gaur consisted of diverse species of plants (49 species). On an average, grass comprises a major proportion (66%), followed by browse (25%) and herb and others (5%). Although gaur consumes variety of food plants, six plant species: four grass- Themada sp., Phragmites karka, Imperata cylindrica and Vetiveria zizanoides and two browse – Wendlandia exserta and Phaulopsis imbricata are highly preferred. The highest browse to grass ratio (1.27) was estimated during January and least (0.7) during June.Keywords: Bos gaurus gaurus, Food habits, Micro-histological analysisdoi:10.3126/on.v4i1.499Our Nature Vol.4(1) 2006 pp20-28
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In Nepal, grasses made up 66%, browse 26%, and herbs and other plants 8% of the diet of B. gaurus.
“grasses made up 66%, browse 26%, and herbs and other plants 8% of the diet of B. gaurus studied in Nepal (Chetri 2003(Chetri , 2006));”
From Bos frontalis and Bos gaurus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) (2018) · cites this paper as Chetri 2006
The Results and discussion section reports 66% grasses and 26% browse for gaur studied in Nepal, matching those parts of the claim. It reports 5% herbs and others, not 8%; the Abstract also gives 5% for that category. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn Nepal, B. gaurus has been found to feed on 49 plant species (23 grasses, 17 browse species, and 9 herbs and others).
“in Nepal, B. gaurus has been found to feed on 49 plant species (23 grasses, 17 browse species, and 9 herbs and others- Chetri 2003Chetri , 2006) )”
From Bos frontalis and Bos gaurus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) (2018) · cites this paper as Chetri 2006
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
(1995) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198545040.001.0001 · Cited by 863 · see citing works
Anatomy of the Monocotyledons. I. Gramineae.
Metcalfe, C. R. (1960) · Cited by 437 · see citing works
The Deer and the Tiger: A Study of Wildlife in India
Pimlott, D. H., & Schaller, G. B. (1968) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.2307/3798955 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
(1967) · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Comparison of Rumen and Fecal Analysis to Describe Deer Diets
Anthony, R. G., & Smith, N. S. (1974) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.2307/3800886 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Plant Histology as an Aid in Squirrel Food-Habit Studies
Baumgartner, L. L., & Martin, A. C. (1939) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.2307/3796113 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Precision of Microhistological Estimates of Ruminant Food Habits
Dearden, B. L., Pegau, R. E., & Hansen, R. M. (1975) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.2307/3799920 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Training Needed for Quantifying Simulated Diets from Fragmented Range Plants
Holechek, J. L., & Gross, B. (1982) · Journal of Range Management · doi:10.2307/3898655 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Feed Analyses and Digestion with Reference to White-Tailed Deer
Robbins, C. T., Soest, P. J. V., Mautz, W. W., & Moen, A. N. (1975) · Journal of Wildlife Management · doi:10.2307/3800467 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
An Ecological Survey of the Larger Mammals of Peninsular India
Krishnan, M. (1972) · Bombay Natural History Society · doi:10.5281/zenodo.13418703 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
A preliminary investigation into the feeding habits of the waterbuck by faecal analysis
Kiley, M. (1966) · African Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1966.tb00894.x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Shukla, R., & Khare, P. K. (1998) · Biodiversity Heritage Library (Smithsonian Institution) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.13669937 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Chetri, M. (1970) · Himalayan Journal of Sciences · doi:10.3126/hjs.v1i1.183 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
3 of the 16 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Chetri, M. 2003. Food habits of gaur (Bos gaurus gaurus Smith, 1827) and livestock (cows and buffaloes) in Paras Wildlife Reserve, central Nepal. Himalayan Journal of Sciences 1(1): 31-36
- Fjellstad, J.I. and G. Steinheim. 1996. Diet and habitat use of Greater Indian one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) and Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) during the dry season in the Babai valley, Royal Bardia National Park, Nepal. Agricultural University of Norway. (M. Sc. Thesis)
- Andre Deutsch, U. K. and Tiger Tops, Nepal pp. 26- 43.
- Gyawali, S. R. 1986. Diet analysis of greater one -horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) by fecal analysis. Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal (M. Sc. Thesis)
- Jarman, P. J. and A. R. E. Sinclair. 1979. Feeding strategy and the pattern of resource partitioning in ungulates. In Serengeti : dynamics of an ecosystem, (Eds. A. R. E. Sinclair and M. Nortan -Griffiths) University of Chicago Press, Chicago. pp. 130-163.
- Jnawali, S. R. 1995. Population ecology of greater one - horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) with particular emphasis on habitat preference, food ecology and ranging behaviour of a reintroduced population in Royal Bardia National Park in lowland Nepal. Agriculture Universtiy of Norway. (Ph. D. Dissertation)
- Prater, S.H. 1971. Wild oxen, Sheep Goats. In The Book of Indian Animals. Bombay Natural History Society. 3 rd edition. Oxford University Press. pp. 234-260.
- Ranjitsingh, M.K. 1991. Deer, Antelopes and Bovines. In Indian Wildlife (Eds. S. Israel and T. Sinclair) APA Publications (HK) LTD. pp. 91-98.
- Srivastava, K.K., A.K. Bhardwaj., S. George and V.J. Zacharias. 1996. Micro-Histological studies on the food habits of Sambar, Gaur and Cattle in Periyar Tiger Reserve in winter. Indian Forester 122 (10): 933-936
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Rai, R., Zhang, Y., Paudel, B., Acharya, B. K., & Basnet, L. (2018) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su10093052 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Xafis, A., Nagel, D., & Bastl, K. (2017) · Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology · doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.09.003 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Baskaran, N., Kannan, V., Thiyagesan, K., & Desai, A. A. (2011) · Mammalian Biology · doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2011.06.010 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
The digestive system of ruminants, and peculiarities of (wild) cattle
Clauß, M., & Hofmann, R. R. (2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139568098.008 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Bos frontalis and Bos gaurus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)
Ahrestani, F. S. (2018) · Mammalian Species · doi:10.1093/mspecies/sey004 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Chaiyarat, R., Prasopsin, S., & Bhumpakphan, N. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-82858-1 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Haleem, A. A., & Ilyas, O. (2018) · ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE · doi:10.2108/zs170097 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mukherjee, T., Sharma, L. K., Thakur, M. K., Saha, G. K., & Chandra, K. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0225398 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Pareja, J., Espunya, C., Baraza, E., & Bartolomé, J. (2020) · animal · doi:10.1016/j.animal.2020.100145 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Gaur (Bos gaurus C. H. Smith, 1827)
Ahrestani, F. S., & Ullas Karanth, K. (2014) · Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour of Wild Cattle · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139568098.013 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Bist, B. S., Ghimire, P., Kc, N., Poudel, B. S., Pokheral, C. P., Poudyal, L. P., Wright, W., Basnet, A., Pradhan, A., & Shah, K. B. (2021) · Biodiversity and Conservation · doi:10.1007/s10531-021-02289-2 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Poudel, S., Pokhrel, B., Neupane, B., Miya, M. S., Kc, N., Basyal, C. R., Neupane, A., & Dhami, B. (2024) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.18035 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Habitat Mapping of Bos gaurus in Parsa National Park, Nepal: Ensemble Modeling Approach
Dhakal, A., Neupane, D., Pun, S., Ghimire, S., Sah, M. K., Adhikari, B., & Gautam, J. (2025) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.71148 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Dangol, D. R., & Maharjan, K. L. (2012) · PubMed · doi:10.15027/33190 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Barik, S., Kumar, P. R., Kumar, A., Behera, A. K., Kalle, R., & Ramesh, T. (2025) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2025.123177 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Chammem, M., Seri, H., Bastos, R., Santos, M., Vicente, J. R., Khorchani, T., & Cabral, J. A. (2022) · African Zoology · doi:10.1080/15627020.2022.2115859
Most relevant microhistological characters of Cistus species for herbivore diet determination
Sabino-Rodrigues, M. A., Melendo-Luque, M., Torres-Román, R., & Azorit, C. (2024) · Botany Letters · doi:10.1080/23818107.2024.2440901
Factors shaping frugivory patterns of Asian mammals using a continental-scale datasetPreprint
Basu, B., McConkey, K. R., Naniwadekar, R., Pulla, S., Lim, J. Y., & Datta, A. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.02.24.707853
Jaseem, A., Ilyas, O., & Sainy, V. K. (2026) · Ethology Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1080/03949370.2026.2641225
- Authors
- Chetri, M.
- Affiliations
- Tribhuvan University (NP)
- Corresponding author
- Chetri, M
- ORCID
- Chetri, M
- Venue
- Our Nature
- Publisher
- Nepal Journals Online (JOL)
- Published
- 1970-01-01
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 20-28
- ISSN
- 1991-2951 (ISSN-L)
- 2091-2781
- OpenAlex
- W2138954464
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Our Nature (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Tribhuvan University
- WWF Nepal
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Keywords
- gaur, diet composition, food plants, seasonal diet variation, Poaceae, browse, herbivore foraging
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review