Contribution of a High Dose of L-Ascorbic Acid to Carnitine Synthesis in Guinea Pigs Fed High-FatDiets.
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Ascorbate is a cofactor of two-enzyme hydroxylation in the pathway of carnitine biosynthesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of ascorbate to endogenous carnitine in guinea pigs fed high-fat diets. The contents of carnitine in plasma, urine and tissues of guinea pigs supplemented with L-ascorbic acid were determined and compared with those supplemented with carnitine. Albino-Hartley guinea pigs were fed vitamin C-deficient diets containing lard throughout the experiment. They were administered orally with 5 mg L-ascorbic acid/d/animal for 14 d, and then divided into three groups and administered orally with the following supplements (/d/animal) for 14 d; L (5 mg L-ascorbic acid), LASA (100 mg L-ascorbic acid), and LCAR (10 mg carnitine plus 5 mg L-ascorbic acid). As a control, a normal group was fed vitamin C-deficient diets and administered orally with 5 mg L-ascorbic acid/d/animal for 28 d. The animals fed high-fat diets (L group) had higher free-carnitine contents in the muscle and urine than the normal group. The groups of LCAR and LASA had significantly higher contents of acid-soluble carnitine (p < 0.05) in plasma than the L group. Urinary excretion of carnitine in the LASA group was decreased to the same level as that in the normal group, although no significant difference between the groups of L and LCAR was observed. Moreover, the supplement of ascorbic acid, but not of carnitine, induced a significantly lower content of triacylglycerol in the plasma of the LASA group as compared to the L group (p < 0.05). These data suggest that high doses of ascorbic acid in guinea pigs fed high-fat diets contribute to the enhancement of carnitine synthesis and improvement of the triacylglycerol content in the plasma.
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More current evidence suggests that carnitine reserves can be compromised by depletion of essential micronutrients and/or metabolites, such as iron, vitamin C, and α-ketoglutarate, all of which are required cofactors for carnitine biosynthetic enzymes.
“However, more current evidence suggests that carnitine reserves can be compromised by depletion of essential micronutrients and/or metabolites, such as iron, vitamin C, and ␣-ketoglutarate (26 -31), all of which are required cofactors for carnitine biosynthetic enzymes.”
From Carnitine insufficiency caused by aging and overnutrition compromises mitochondrial performance and metabolic control (2009) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- OTSUKA, M., MATSUZAWA, M., HA, T. Y., & ARAKAWA, N.
- Affiliations
- Ochanomizu University (JP)
- Korea Food Research Institute (KR)
- ORCID
- HA, Tae Youl
- Venue
- Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology
- Published
- 1999
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 163-171
- ISSN
- 0301-4800 (ISSN-L)
- 1881-7742
- OpenAlex
- W2036106091
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 0.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Keywords
- vitamin C, carnitine synthesis, high-fat diet, scurvy, carnitine supplementation, free carnitine, urinary carnitine excretion, plasma triglycerides, carnitine biosynthesis, guinea pig
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Ascorbic Acid, Carnitine, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Dietary Fats, Guinea Pigs, Liver, Male, Muscles, Triglycerides
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