The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Academic Performance and Cheating: Moderating Role of School Identification and Self-Efficacy
Abstract
Academic dishonesty is a significant problem among students from elementary school through college. The desire to succeed in school through dishonesty is increased when there is a breakdown in the norms associated with conventional academic attitudes. The authors conducted a survey research study to examine the relationship between academic performance and cheating. They hypothesized that the inverse relationship between academic performance and cheating is moderated by school identification and academic self-efficacy. The results show that cheating is more likely among lower achieving students when they do not identify with school, and among higher achieving students with low levels of academic self-efficacy.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“student self-report is the most common method for assessing cheating and has been shown to provide reasonable accurate estimates”
From Understanding the Interplay Among Regulatory Self-Efficacy, Moral Disengagement, and Academic Cheating Behaviour During Vocational Education: A Three-Wave Study (2018) · cites this paper as Finn and Frone 2004
Citations
Cites
Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change
Bandura, A. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.84.2.191 · Cited by 43,925
Motivational processes affecting learning.
Dweck, C. S. (1986) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.41.10.1040 · Cited by 6,971
Self-Efficacy and Academic Motivation
Schunk, D. H. (1991) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.1991.9653133 · Cited by 4,292
Finn, J. D. (1989) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.2307/1170412 · Cited by 2,702
Academic Dishonesty: Honor Codes and other Contextual Influences
McCabe, D. L., & Trevino, L. K. (1993) · The Journal of Higher Education · doi:10.1080/00221546.1993.11778446 · Cited by 855
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CHEATING AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS: A Review
Whitley, B. E. (1998) · Research in Higher Education · doi:10.1023/a:1018724900565 · Cited by 782
Research works printed but not linked: 29
- Anderman, E. M., Griesinger, T., & Westerfield, G. (1998). Motivation and cheating during early adolescence. Journal of Educational Psychology, 90, 84-93. · DOI
- Bushway, A., & Nash, W. R. (1977). School cheating behavior. Review of Educational Research, 47, 623-632. · DOI
- Calabrese, R. L., & Cochran, J. T. (1990). The relationship of alienation to cheating among a sample of American adolescents. Journal of Research and Development in Education, 23, 65-72.
- Chaplin, W. F. (1991). The next generation of moderator research in personality psychology. Journal of Personality, 59, 143-178. · DOI
- G. J. Cizek, (1999). Cheating on tests: How to do it, detect it, and prevent it. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. · DOI
- Davis, S. F., Grover, C. A., Becker, A. H., & McGregor, L. N. (1992). Academic dishonesty: Prevalence, determinants, techniques, and punishments. Teaching of Psychology, 19, 16-20. · DOI
- Dornbusch, S. M., Herman, M. R., & Morley, J. A. (1996). Domains of adolescent achievement. In G. R. Adams, R. Montemayor, & T. P. Gullotta (Eds.), Psychosocial development during adolescence (pp. 181-231). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- E. D. Evans, D. Craig, (1990). Teacher and student perceptions of academic cheating in middle and senior high schools. The Journal of Educational Research, 84, 44-52. · DOI
- Goodenow, C. (1993). The psychological sense of school membership among adolescents: Scale development and educational correlates. Psychology in the Schools, 30, 79-90. · DOI
- Harter, S. (1990). Self and identity development. In S. S. Feldman & G. R. Elliott (Eds.), At the threshold: The developing adolescent (pp. 352-387). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Jendrek, M. P. (1992). Students' reaction to academic dishonesty. Journal of College Student Development, 33(3), 260-273.
- Kulka, R. A., Mann, D. W., & Klingel, D. M. (1980). A person-environment fit model of school crime and disruption. In K. Baker & R. J. Rubel (Eds.), Violence and crime in the schools. Lexington, MA: Lexington.
- Leming, J. S. (1980). Cheating behavior, subject variables, and components of the internal-external scale under high and low risk conditions. The Journal of Educational Research, 74, 83-87. · DOI
- Liska, A. E., & Reed, M. D. (1985). Ties to conventional institutions and delinquency: Estimating reciprocal effects. American Sociological Review, 50, 547-560. · DOI
- McClelland, G. H., & Judd, C. M. (1993). Statistical difficulties of detecting interactions and moderators. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 376-390. · DOI · Paper page
- Michaels, J. W., & Miethe, T. D. (1989). Applying theories of deviance to academic cheating. Social Science Quarterly, 70, 870-885.
- Murdock, T. B., Hale, N. M., & Weber, M. J. (2001). Predictors of cheating among early adolescents: Academic and social motivations. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 26, 96-115. · DOI
- Newmann, F. M. (1981). Reducing student alienation in high schools: Implications and theory. Harvard Educational Review, 51, 546-564. · DOI
- Newstead, S. E., Franklyn-Stokes, A., & Armstead, P. (1996). Individual differences in student cheating. Journal of Educational Psychology, 88, 229-241. · DOI
- Race for best scores fueling adult deceptions-critics. (June 8, 2000). Associated Press. [On-line]. Retrieved from: www.msnbc.com
- M. L. Riggs, J. Warka, B. Babasa, R. Betancourt, S. Hooker, (1994). Development and validation of self-efficacy and outcome expectancy scales for job-related applications. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 54, 793-802. · DOI
- Roig, M., & Neaman, M. (1994). Alienation, learning or grade orientation, and achievement as correlates of attitudes toward cheating. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 78, 1096-1098. · DOI
- Sauley, K. S., & Bedeian, A. G. (1989). .05: A case of the tail wagging the distribution. Journal of Management, 15, 335-344. · DOI
- Vallacher, R. R., & Solodky, (1979). Objective self-awareness, standards of evaluation, and moral behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 15, 254-262. · DOI
- Voelkl, K. E. (1996). Measuring students' identification with school. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 56, 760-770. · DOI · Paper page
- Voelkl, K. E. (1997). Identification with school. American Journal of Education, 105, 294-318. · DOI
- Voelkl, K. E., & Frone, M. R. (2000). Predictors of substance use at school among high school students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 92, 583-592. · DOI
- Whitley, B. E., Nelson, A. B., & Jones, C. J. (1999). Gender differences in cheating attitudes and classroom cheating behavior: A meta-analysis. Sex Roles, 41, 657-680. · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Student Engagement: What Is It? Why Does It Matter?
Finn, J. D., & Zimmer, K. S. (2012) · Handbook of Research on Student Engagement · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-2018-7_5 · Cited by 1,139
The Relation Between Academic Motivation and Cheating
Anderman, E. M., & Koenka, A. C. (2017) · Theory Into Practice · doi:10.1080/00405841.2017.1308172 · Cited by 102
Fida, R., Tramontano, C., Paciello, M., Ghezzi, V., & Barbaranelli, C. (2018) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-016-3373-6 · Cited by 101
The role of basic need fulfillment in academic dishonesty: A self-determination theory perspective
Kanat-Maymon, Y., Benjamin, M., Stavsky, A., Shoshani, A., & Roth, G. (2015) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2015.08.002 · Cited by 89
An online testing design choice typology towards cheating threat minimisation
Munoz, A., & Mackay, J. (2019) · Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice · doi:10.53761/1.16.3.5 · Cited by 51
Metadata
- Authors
- Finn, K. V., & Frone, M. R.
- Venue
- The Journal of Educational Research
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 115-121
- ISSN
- 0022-0671
- 1940-0675
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 6
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Academic Performance and Cheating: Moderating Role of School Identification and Self-Efficacy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3200/joer.97.3.115-121
- The paper
- Finn, K. V., & Frone, M. R. (2004). Academic Performance and Cheating: Moderating Role of School Identification and Self-Efficacy. The Journal of Educational Research. https://doi.org/10.3200/joer.97.3.115-121