Cited by 95Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchNeurological Disease Mechanisms and TreatmentsHeart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control

Altered cerebral hemodynamics in early Alzheimer disease: a pilot study using transcranial Doppler

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Claassen, Jurgen A.H.R., Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon, Martin-Cook, Kristin, Levine, Benjamin D., Zhang, Rong·2009·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease

Abstract

Cerebrovascular disease may contribute to the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigated whether impairments in cerebral hemodynamics can be detected in early-stage AD. Nine patients with mild AD and eight cognitively normal controls matched for age underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological evaluation, followed by assessment of steady-state cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV, transcranial Doppler), blood pressure (BP, Finapres), and cerebrovascular resistance index (BP/CBFV). Cerebral hemodynamics were quantified using spectral and transfer function analysis of BP and CBFV in rest, during standing up after squat, and during repeated squat-stand maneuvers. Compared to controls, AD patients had lower CBFV and higher cerebrovascular resistance index, unexplained by brain atrophy. Low-frequency variability of BP was enhanced, suggesting impaired arterial baroreflex function. However, CBFV variability was reduced despite enhanced BP variability, and dynamic cerebral autoregulation was not impaired. In conclusion, despite a distinct pattern of altered cerebral hemodynamics, AD patients may have normal autoregulation. However, the challenges for autoregulation in AD are higher, as our data show enhanced BP fluctuations. Increased cerebral vasoconstriction or reduced vasomotion also may attenuate CBFV variability.

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  • Cerebrovascular function is reduced in patients with early Alzheimer disease or at risk for Alzheimer disease, implicating reduced cerebral perfusion in the pathobiology of the disease.

    “Cerebrovascular function is reduced in patients with early AD or at risk for AD (Claassen et al., 2009; Gao et al., 2013; Luckhaus et al., 2008; Mentis et al., 1996; Niedermeyer, 2006; Ruitenberg et al., 2005; Sabayan et al., 2012; Tanaka et al., 2002), implicating reduced cerebral perfusion in the pathobiology of the disease (Iadecola, 2004).”

    From The Pathobiology of Vascular Dementia (2013) · cites this paper as Claassen et al., 2009

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Authors
Claassen, J. A. H. R., Diaz-Arrastia, R., Martin-Cook, K., Levine, B. D., & Zhang, R.
Affiliations
  • Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
  • The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
  • Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
  • Texas Health Dallas (US)
Corresponding author
Zhang, Rong
Venue
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease
Published
2009-07-01
Volume
17
Issue
3
Pages
621-629
ISSN
  • 1387-2877 (ISSN-L)
  • 1875-8908
OpenAlex
W2127805507
Cited by
95
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
FWCI
3.08
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Alzheimer s Disease (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
  • Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
National Institute on Aging (P30AG012300, P30AG-12300)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, cerebral hemodynamics
MeSH terms
Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Blood Pressure, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Female, Hemodynamics, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Pilot Projects, Spectrum Analysis, Time Factors, Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial, Nonlinear Dynamics

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